Mother West Wind "Why" Stories — Page 46

Vocabulary

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar.

それ

sore — That; refers to something near the listener.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

蹴る

keru — To kick something with one's foot.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle; conditional conjunction.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the sentence topic.

空中

kūchū — Midair; the space up in the air.

に

ni — Direction, location, or indirect object marker particle.

飛び出し

tobidashi — Leaped out; jumped out suddenly into space.

カエル

kaeru — Frog; a small amphibian that jumps.

じいさん

jiisan — Old man; grandfather; elderly male person.

座っ

suwatte — Sitting; seated; being in a seated position.

て

te — Te-form connective particle linking verb phrases together.

いる

iru — To be; indicates ongoing state or action.

大きな

ōkina — Large; big; describing something of great size.

緑

midori — Green; the color green.

の

no — Possessive or descriptive linking particle between nouns.

蓮

hasu — Lotus; an aquatic plant with large flowers.

葉

ha — Leaf; a flat green part of a plant.

すぐ

sugu — Immediately; right away; very close by.

そば

soba — Nearby; beside; close to something or someone.

笑顔

egao — Smiling face; an expression of happiness or amusement.

池

ike — Pond; a small body of still water.

水しぶき

mizushibuki — Water splash; droplets of water scattered by impact.

上げ

age — Raising up; lifting; sending something upward.

着地

chakuchi — Landing; touching down on a surface after flight.

し

shi — And; conjunctive form connecting multiple verb actions.

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary verb stem form.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary indicating completed action.

もちろん

mochiron — Of course; naturally; without a doubt.

彼

kare — He; him; third-person masculine pronoun.

来る

kuru — To come; to approach toward the speaker.

見

mi — See; look; stem of the verb miru.

い

i — Verb stem of iru; to be or exist.

ませ

mase — Polite imperative or auxiliary verb ending form.

ん

n — Negative auxiliary or explanatory sentence-ending particle.

でし

deshi — Polite copula past tense stem; was or were.

ひどく

hidoku — Terribly; severely; to a very bad degree.

驚か

odoroka — Surprise; startle; causative stem of odorokasu.

せ

se — Causative auxiliary verb ending; make someone do something.

叫ん

sakende — Shouted; cried out; yelled loudly in surprise.

で

de — At; by means of; connective particle with verbs.

頭

atama — Head; the top part of a person's body.

から

kara — From; because; starting point or cause marker.

水

mizu — Water; liquid essential for life and hydration.

中

naka — Inside; middle; within a space or group.

飛び込み

tobikomi — Diving in; jumping headfirst into water.

一分

ippun — One minute; a period of sixty seconds.

後

go / nochi — After; later; following a certain point in time.

鋭い

surudoi — Sharp; keen; acute; describing a piercing quality.

目

me — Eye; the organ used for seeing things.

何

nani — What; an interrogative pronoun asking about something.

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self; reflexive pronoun.

そんな

sonna — Such; like that; of that kind or degree.

怖がら

kowagara — To be afraid; to act frightened or scared.

か

ka — Question marker particle at the end of sentences.

見る

miru — To see; to look at; to watch something.

ため

tame — For the purpose of; in order to do something.

下

shita — Below; underneath; lower position or direction.

そっと

sotto — Gently; softly; quietly without making a disturbance.

のぞい

nozoi — Peeked; looked through a gap or from below.

姿

sugata — Figure; appearance; the form or shape of someone.

捉え

torae — Caught sight of; captured; seized visually or physically.

土手

dote — Embankment; bank; a raised earthen mound near water.

上

ue — Above; on top; upper position or surface.

踊り

odori — Dancing; a dance; rhythmic movement of the body.

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneously performing two actions.

叫び

sakebi — A shout; a yell; crying out loudly.

キノコ

kinoko — Mushroom; a type of fungus eaten as food.

怖がる

kowagaru — To be scared of; to fear something or someone.

なんて

nante — Such a thing as; expressing surprise or contempt.

最初

saisho — First; the beginning; the very start of something.

怒っ

okotte — Angry; having gotten angry; being in an angry state.

本当

hontō — Really; truly; genuine; actual truth or reality.

とても

totemo — Very; extremely; to a very great degree.

しかし

shikashi — However; but; a conjunction showing contrast or reversal.

冗談

jōdan — A joke; a jest; something said in fun.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; matter; nominalizer turning verbs to nouns.

長い

nagai — Long; lengthy; extended in time or distance.

間

aida / ma — Between; during; a period or interval of time.

腹

hara — Belly; stomach; also used to express inner feelings.

立て

tate — Stand up; set up; raise; also used in compounds.

られる

rareru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb ending in Japanese.

ほど

hodo — To the extent that; about; approximately; as much as.

年

toshi — Year; age; years of life lived by someone.

とっ

totte — Taking; having gotten older; te-form of toru.

おり

ori — Being; existing; humble or neutral form of iru.

賢く

kashikoku — Wisely; cleverly; intelligently; in a smart manner.

も

mo — Also; too; even; inclusive additive particle.

あり

ari — There is; existing; being; stem of aru.

特に

toku ni — Especially; particularly; in a special or notable way.

自身

jishin — Oneself; one's own self; used for emphasis.

仕掛け

shikake — A trick; a device; a setup or scheme.

よう

yō — Like; similar to; seems like; expressing resemblance.

ところ

tokoro — Place; point in time; situation; moment of action.

しっかり

shikkari — Firmly; properly; thoroughly; in a reliable manner.

見つかっ

mitsukatte — Was found; was discovered; getting caught or spotted.

しまっ

shimatte — Ended up doing; completed regrettably; te-form of shimau.

とき

toki — Time; moment; when something occurs or happened.

なおさら

naosara — All the more; even more so; to a greater degree.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning is, am, are in Japanese.

まもなく

mamonaku — Soon; before long; in a little while.

戻り

modori — Returning; coming back; going back to a place.

まばたき

mabataki — Blinking; the act of opening and closing eyes.

さ

sa — Casual sentence-ending particle; or noun-forming suffix.

少し

sukoshi — A little; a small amount; slightly; not very much.

ばかり

bakari — Only; just; approximately; nothing but something.

間抜け

manuke — Foolish; stupid; absent-minded; a dull-witted person.

な

na — Adjectival ending or sentence-final emphatic particle.

様子

yōsu — Appearance; manner; state; how something looks or seems.

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun used in polite speech.

仕業

shiwaza — Doing; deed; act attributed to someone specific.

だ

da — Plain form copula; is; am; are in casual speech.

わかっ

wakatte — Understood; knew; te-form of wakaru meaning to understand.

べき

beki — Should; ought to; expressing moral obligation or expectation.

よ

yo — Sentence-ending particle asserting or informing the listener.

言い

ii — Saying; speaking; stem form of iu meaning to say.

でも

demo — But; however; even; a conjunctive or inclusive particle.

農夫

nōfu — Farmer; a person who works on agricultural land.

息子

musuko — Son; a male child in relation to parents.

投げ

nage — Throwing; to throw or hurl something forcefully.

石

ishi — Stone; rock; a hard natural mineral object.

違いない

chigainai — No doubt; must be; certainly; without a doubt.

思っ

omotte — Thought; thinking; te-form of omou meaning to think.

こんな

konna — Such; like this; of this kind or nature.

ふう

fū — Way; manner; style; a certain fashion or appearance.

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun in Japanese.

老人

rōjin — Old person; elderly man; an aged individual.

せる

seru — Causative auxiliary verb; to make or let someone do.

どういう

dōiu — What kind of; what sort of; how do you mean.

つもり

tsumori — Intention; plan; meaning to do something.

完全

kanzen — Complete; perfect; total; without any flaw or lack.

覚まし

samashi — Waking up; arousing from sleep; stem of samasu.

眠っ

nemute — Sleeping; asleep; te-form of nemuru meaning to sleep.

ふり

furi — Pretense; acting as if; feigning a state.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or living beings.

だまそ

damaso — To deceive; to trick; volitional stem of damasu.

う

u — Volitional auxiliary expressing intention or suggestion.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward a destination.

お返し

okaeshi — Getting back at someone; repayment; revenge or reciprocation.

しよ

shiyo — Let's do; volitional form of suru meaning to do.

だけ

dake — Only; just; limited to a certain amount or thing.

答え

kotae — Answer; reply; response to a question or problem.