Mother West Wind "Why" Stories — Page 52

Vocabulary

もちろん

mochiron — Of course; naturally; needless to say

陽気な

youki na — Cheerful, merry, lively in personality

小

shou / ko — Small; little; minor

そよ風

soyokaze — A gentle breeze; soft, light wind

たち

tachi — Plural suffix indicating a group of people

は

wa — Topic-marking particle in Japanese grammar

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or target

コヨーテ

Koyoote — Coyote; a North American wild dog species

じいさん

jiisan — Old man; grandfather; elderly male person

が

ga — Subject-marking particle in Japanese grammar

ひとりぼっち

hitoribocchi — All alone; lonely with no companions nearby

だ

da — Informal copula meaning 'is' or 'am'

と

to — Particle meaning 'and,' 'with,' or quotation marker

教え

oshie — Teaching; lesson; instruction given to someone

まし

mashi — Polite past tense auxiliary verb component

た

ta — Past tense verb ending in Japanese

笑う

warau — To laugh; to smile; to chuckle

彼ら

karera — They; them; a group of people (masculine)

ひどく

hidoku — Terribly; severely; extremely; very badly

憤慨

fungai — Indignation; great anger; being deeply offended

し

shi — Conjunctive form linking verbs or reasons

彼

kare — He; him; that male person

どうしようも

doushiyoumo — Nothing can be done; helpless situation

あり

ari — Stem of 'aru'; to exist or be (formal)

ませ

mase — Polite verb ending component in formal speech

ん

n — Negative or explanatory sentence-final particle

でし

deshi — Polite copula stem before 'ta' (でした)

だって

datte — But; because; even so; that's because

言い

ii — Stem of 'iu/yuu'; to say or speak

毎晩

maiban — Every night; each and every evening

大勢

oozei — A large number of people; a crowd

一緒

issho — Together; at the same time or place

キャンキャン

kyankyan — Yipping sound made by a small dog

鳴い

nai — Stem of 'naku'; to cry, bark, or howl

たり

tari — Lists actions alternately; doing things like...

遠吠え

tooboe — Howling at a distance; a wolf's or dog's howl

する

suru — To do; to perform an action

の

no — Possessive particle or nominalizer in Japanese

聞こえる

kikoeru — To be audible; to be heard; sounds reach one

もの

mono — Thing; object; used for emphasis or explanation

でも

demo — But; however; even so; or even

そんな

sonna — Such; like that; that kind of thing

こと

koto — Thing; matter; fact; abstract noun marker

ない

nai — Negative form; does not exist; is not

わ

wa — Sentence-final particle adding soft emphasis (feminine)

主張

shuchou — Assertion; claim; insisting on one's point

あの

ano — That (over there); used to refer to something distant

騒音

souon — Noise; loud disturbing sound; racket

を

wo / o — Object-marking particle in Japanese grammar

ぜんぶ

zenbu — All; everything; the whole lot

出し

dashi — Stem of 'dasu'; to put out, emit, produce

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting verb phrases

いる

iru — To be; to exist (for animate beings)

ひとり

hitori — One person; alone; by oneself

な

na — Sentence-final particle expressing emphasis or assertion

よ

yo — Sentence-final particle asserting or informing listener

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self; myself/yourself

聞い

kioi / kii — Stem of 'kiku'; to listen or hear

くらい

kurai — About; approximately; to the extent that

わかっ

wakatte (wakatteiru) — Knowing; understanding; being aware of something

てる

teru — Contracted form of 'te iru'; ongoing action or state

さ

sa — Casual sentence-final particle showing light assertion

言い返し

iikaeashi — Talking back; retorting; replying in rebuttal

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun (polite/neutral)

大きな

ooki na — Big; large; great in size

耳

mimi — Ear; the organ used for hearing

持っ

motte (motteiru) — Having; holding; possessing something

い

i — Informal present form of 'iru'; to be

たくさん

takusan — Many; a lot; plenty; in large quantity

かも

kamo — Perhaps; might be; expresses possibility

しれ

shire — Part of 'kamoshirenai'; might; possibly be

時

toki — Time; moment; when; occasion

聞か

kika — Negative stem of 'kiku'; not hearing/listening

なく

naku — Without; not doing; negative conjunctive form

も

mo — Also; too; even; as well

いい

ii — Good; fine; alright; acceptable

よう

you — Appears; seems; like; in order to

まで

made — Until; up to; as far as; by (time)

ね

ne — Sentence-final particle seeking agreement or softening

もう

mou — Already; anymore; soon; by now

それ

sore — That; it; that thing (near listener)

年齢

nenrei — Age; one's years; numerical age of a person

なら

nara — If; in that case; given that situation

聞く

kiku — To listen; to hear; to ask someone

すべて

subete — All; everything; entirely; without exception

信じ

shinji — Stem of 'shinjiru'; to believe or trust

いけ

ike — Must not; should not (as in いけない)

いう

iu / yuu — To say; to speak; to be called

学ん

manan — Stem of 'manabu'; to learn; to study

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action, or reason

はず

hazu — Expectation; supposed to be; should be

そう

sou — So; like that; it seems; that way

言う

iu / yuu — To say; to tell; to express in words

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneously; even though

その

sono — That (near listener); the aforementioned

知らせ

shirase — News; notice; information; a report

緑

midori — Green; the color green; verdant

草原

sougen / kusahara — Meadow; grassland; green open plain

じゅう

juu — Throughout; all over; entire area covered

広める

hiromeru — To spread; to disseminate; to make widely known

ため

tame — For the purpose of; for the sake of

駆け去っ

kakesatteiku — To run away quickly; to dash off and leave

いき

iki — Going; heading off (stem of 'iku', to go)

さて

sate — Well then; now; transitional phrase changing topic

られ

rare — Passive or potential auxiliary verb form

あるいは

aruiwa — Or; alternatively; perhaps; on the other hand

信じる

shinjiru — To believe; to trust; to have faith in

べき

beki — Should; ought to; expressing moral obligation

思わ

omowa — Stem of 'omou'; to think; to feel; consider

れ

re — Passive auxiliary verb ending form

同じ

onaji — Same; identical; equal; the very same

腹

hara — Belly; stomach; also used for emotions/anger

立て

tate — Stem of 'tateru'; to stand up anger; arouse

日

hi — Day; sun; sunlight; a specific day

残り

nokori — Remainder; what is left over; the rest

時間

jikan — Time; hours; a period or duration of time

ずっと

zutto — All along; the whole time; continuously; much more

頭

atama — Head; mind; one's thinking or thoughts

から

kara — From; because; after; starting point particle

離れ

hanare — Separated from; leaving; moving away from

黒い

kuroi — Black; dark in color

影

kage — Shadow; shade; silhouette; dark figure

紫

murasaki — Purple; violet color

丘

oka — Hill; a small elevated area of land

へ

e — Direction particle meaning toward; heading to

ひたひた

hitahita — Stealthily approaching; softly and steadily creeping

忍び寄っ

shinobiyotte — Creeping up stealthily; sneaking closer quietly

くる

kuru — To come; to approach; to arrive

中

naka — Inside; middle; among; in the midst of

まだ

mada — Still; yet; not yet; even now

考え

kangae — Thought; idea; consideration; way of thinking

突然

totsuzen — Suddenly; all of a sudden; unexpectedly

こそこそ

kosokoso — Sneakily; furtively; moving about in secret

動く

ugoku — To move; to stir; to be in motion

暗い

kurai — Dark; gloomy; dim in light or mood

見

mi — Stem of 'miru'; to see or look at

最初

saisho — First; the beginning; at the start

か

ka — Question particle; or; expressing doubt or wonder

思い

omoi — Thought; feeling; emotion; wondering about something

どういう

douiu — What kind of; what sort of; how come

わけ

wake — Reason; meaning; logic; that means; no wonder

もっと

motto — More; even more; to a greater degree

大きく

ookiku — Largely; in a big way; to appear larger

見え

mie — Stem of 'mieru'; to appear; to be visible

懐かしい

natsukashii — Nostalgic; fondly remembered; dear from the past

古い

furui — Old; aged; ancient; not new

いばら

ibara — Thorns; briar; thorny shrub or bramble

藪

yabu — Bush; thicket; dense shrubby undergrowth

安全

anzen — Safety; security; being free from danger

身

mi — Body; oneself; one's person or being

潜め

hisome — To hide; to conceal oneself; to lay low

じっと

jitto — Motionlessly; steadily; keeping still and quiet

見守り

mimamori — Watching over; keeping a close eye on