Mother West Wind "Why" Stories — Page 82

Vocabulary

彼

kare — He; that person (third person masculine pronoun).

は

wa — Topic marker particle indicating the sentence topic.

つまり

tsumari — In other words; that is to say; namely.

だよ

da yo — It is; casual assertive sentence-ending expression.

そっち

socchi — That way; over there; that side or direction.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle linking nouns.

呼び方

yobikata — Way of calling or naming something or someone.

が

ga — Subject marker particle indicating the grammatical subject.

好き

suki — Like; fond of; to have a preference for something.

なら

nara — If; in that case; conditional conjunctive particle.

それで

sorede — So; therefore; with that; and then.

いい

ii — Good; fine; acceptable; all right.

ちょうど

chōdo — Exactly; just; precisely at that point or amount.

わし

washi — I; me (old masculine first-person pronoun, elderly speech).

と

to — And; with; quotation particle connecting words or clauses.

同じ

onaji — Same; identical; not different from something else.

よう

yō — Like; similar to; in the manner of something.

に

ni — At; in; to; directional and locational particle.

な

na — Sentence-ending particle expressing emotion or mild assertion.

でも

demo — But; however; even so; despite that.

別

betsu — Different; separate; another; distinct from others.

家系

kakei — Family lineage; bloodline; ancestral line or descent.

属し

zokushi — Belonging to; affiliated with (stem form of 属する).

て

te — Te-form connective particle linking verbs or clauses.

いる

iru — To exist; to be (for animate beings); ongoing action.

ん

n — Explanatory or softening sentence-final particle.

だ

da — Copula; plain-form equivalent of 'is' or 'am'.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating the direct object.

持っ

mott- — Having; possessing (te-form stem of 持つ).

頭

atama — Head; the top part of a person's body.

赤

aka — Red; the color red.

で

de — At; by means of; particle indicating location or method.

なく

naku — Not being; without (negative conjunctive form of ない).

黒い

kuroi — Black; dark in color.

それ

sore — That; that thing (mid-distance demonstrative pronoun).

じいさん

jiisan — Old man; grandfather; elderly male person.

ろくでなし

rokudenashi — Good-for-nothing; scoundrel; worthless or useless person.

だっ

datt- — Was; were (past tense stem of copula だ).

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary indicating completed action or state.

から

kara — Because; since; from; indicating reason or origin.

自身

jishin — Oneself; personally; by one's own self.

耳

mimi — Ear; the organ used for hearing sounds.

ぴん

pin — Straight up; upright; stiff (onomatopoeia for perked ears).

立て

tate — Raising; erecting upright (imperative or compound stem form).

これ

kore — This; this thing (near demonstrative pronoun).

また

mata — Again; also; once more; in addition.

話

hanashi — Story; talk; conversation; a narrative account.

始まり

hajimari — Beginning; start; commencement of something.

そう

sō — So; like that; it seems that way.

いとこ

itoko — Cousin; child of one's parent's sibling.

こと

koto — Thing; matter; fact; nominalizer for verb phrases.

とても

totemo — Very; extremely; quite; highly.

気

ki — Mind; spirit; feeling; mood; inclination.

なっ

natt- — Became; turned into (te-form stem of なる).

本当

hontō — True; real; genuine; really; truly.

も

mo — Also; too; even; as well (additive particle).

せがま

segama — Pestering; persistently asking (stem of せがむ, to nag).

なけれ

nakere — Must; have to (conditional negative stem of ない).

ば

ba — If; conditional particle expressing hypothetical condition.

ない

nai — Not; does not exist; negative auxiliary adjective.

か

ka — Question marker particle; or; expressing doubt or inquiry.

思っ

omott- — Thought; felt (te-form stem of 思う, to think).

とにかく

tonikaku — Anyway; at any rate; in any case.

やっ

yatt- — Tried; did (te-form stem of やる, to do).

みれ

mire — If one looks; conditional form of 見る (to see).

わかる

wakaru — To understand; to know; to figure out.

試し

tameshi — Trial; test; attempt; trying something out.

み

mi — Trying; looking (suffix indicating attempting an action).

損

son — Loss; disadvantage; not worth doing; harm.

だろう

darō — Probably; I suppose; expressing conjecture or assumption.

よろしけれ

yoroshikere — If it is acceptable; conditional form of よろしい (good).

どう

dō — How; in what way; what kind of manner.

し

shi — And; moreover; listing or reasoning conjunctive particle.

あなた

anata — You; polite second-person singular pronoun.

です

desu — Is; are; polite copula linking subject and predicate.

できる

dekiru — Can do; to be able to; possible.

限り

kagiri — As much as possible; limit; extent; as far as.

丁寧

teinei — Polite; courteous; careful; respectful in manner.

尋ね

tazune — Asking; inquiring (stem of 尋ねる, to ask).

質問

shitsumon — Question; inquiry; an act of asking something.

すぎ

sugi — Too much; excessively; going beyond appropriate limits.

ずる賢く

zurugashikoku — Cunningly; slyly; in a crafty or devious manner.

ほか

hoka — Other; else; besides; the rest of others.

みんな

minna — Everyone; all; everybody together.

ウィンク

winku — Wink; closing one eye as a signal or gesture.

ながら

nagara — While; simultaneously doing two actions at once.

答え

kotae — Answer; reply; response to a question.

笑っ

waratt- — Laughed; smiled (te-form stem of 笑う, to laugh).

なぜ

naze — Why; for what reason; what is the cause.

以上

ijō — More than; above; that is all; no more.

する

suru — To do; to perform; general purpose action verb.

者

mono — Person; one who does; individual with a quality.

いない

inai — Not present; does not exist (negative of いる).

知っ

shitt- — Knowing (te-form stem of 知る, to know).

一緒

issho — Together; at the same time; in company with.

少し

sukoshi — A little; a small amount; slightly; somewhat.

ばつ

batsu — Awkward feeling; embarrassment; bad timing or fit.

悪

waru — Bad; evil; wrong; negative quality or character.

顔

kao — Face; facial expression; appearance of one's face.

い

i — Being; existing (stem of いる, present linking form).

笑わ

warawa — Laughed at (passive stem of 笑う, to laugh at).

れ

re — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.

いっ

itt- — Said; went (te-form stem of 言う or 行く).

諦める

akirameru — To give up; to resign oneself; to abandon hope.

つもり

tsumori — Intention; plan; what one intends to do.

なかっ

nakatt- — Was not; did not have (past stem of ない).

いや

iya — No; unpleasant; disagreeable; expressing reluctance or refusal.

とんでも

tondemo — Absolutely not; by no means; outrageous; unthinkable.

お願い

onegai — Please; a request; begging someone to do something.

どうか

dōka — Please; somehow; I beg you; earnest pleading expression.

その

sono — That; the (demonstrative determiner preceding a noun).

聞か

kika — Tell; let hear (causative stem of 聞く, to listen).

せ

se — Causative suffix making someone do something (させる form).

ください

kudasai — Please give; please do (polite request expression).

懇願

kongan — Earnest request; entreaty; pleading desperately for something.

さて

sate — Well; now then; transitional expression to shift topic.

もともと

motomoto — Originally; by nature; from the beginning; fundamentally.

気立て

kidate — Disposition; temperament; natural character or personality.

よく

yoku — Well; often; frequently; in a good manner.

親切

shinsetsu — Kind; kindness; friendly and considerate toward others.

性格

seikaku — Personality; character; one's innate nature or disposition.

そんな

sonna — Such; that kind of; like that.

一生懸命

isshōkenmei — With all one's effort; desperately; doing one's best.

頼む

tanomu — To request; to ask a favor; to rely on someone.

断る

kotowaru — To refuse; to decline; to reject a request.

なれ

nare — Become; can become (potential or imperative form of なる).

どちら

dochira — Which; which one; which direction (polite form).

いう

iu — To say; to call; to be called or named.