Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave — Page 13

Vocabulary

彼

kare — He; that person (third person masculine pronoun).

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle.

物語

monogatari — Story, tale, or narrative.

中

naka — Inside, within, or in the middle of.

で

de — Particle indicating location of action or means.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle highlighting the subject.

残忍

zannin — Cruel, brutal, or merciless in nature.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

殺戮

satsuriku — Massacre, slaughter, or mass killing of people.

二つ

futatsu — Two things; the number two (native Japanese counting).

事例

jirei — Case, example, or instance of something.

を

wo — Object-marking particle indicating the direct object.

語っ

katatte — Telling, narrating (stem of 語る, kataru).

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential verb actions.

いる

iru — To be; indicates ongoing or resultant state.

その

sono — That; demonstrative determiner referring to previously mentioned item.

一つ

hitotsu — One thing; the number one (native Japanese counting).

ある

aru — There is/exists; a certain (when prenominal).

農園主

nōenshu — Plantation owner; person who owns a farm or estate.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle identifying the grammatical subject.

魚

sakana — Fish (as food or animal).

求め

motome — Seeking, requesting, or searching for something.

意図

ito — Intention, purpose, or deliberate aim.

ず

zu — Classical negative auxiliary meaning 'without doing.'

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self or person.

領地

ryōchi — Territory, domain, or land owned by someone.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or indirect object.

入り込ん

hairikomu — To enter into; to intrude or wander inside.

だ

da — Copula; plain-form 'is/was,' or past tense marker.

隣

tonari — Next door; neighboring or adjacent place.

農園

nōen — Farm, plantation, or agricultural estate.

奴隷

dorei — Slave; person held in bondage by another.

故意

koi — Deliberate intent; doing something on purpose.

射殺

shasatsu — Shooting someone dead with a firearm.

し

shi — Conjunctive verb form connecting multiple actions or reasons.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb marker.

もう

mō — Another; already; one more (context-dependent).

監督官

kantokukan — Overseer, supervisor, or official inspector.

血まみれ

chimamire — Covered in blood; bloodstained all over.

鞭打ち

muchi uchi — Whipping or flogging as punishment.

から

kara — From; because of; starting point particle.

逃れよ

nogareyō — To escape or flee from something (volitional form).

う

u — Volitional auxiliary expressing intent or conjecture.

と

to — Particle meaning 'and,' 'with,' or quotation marker.

川

kawa — River or stream of flowing water.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward a place.

逃げ込ん

nigekonde — Fleeing into; taking refuge by running inside.

脳

nō — Brain; the organ inside the skull.

吹き飛ばし

fukitobashi — Blowing away; blasting off (as in destroying violently).

氏

shi — Honorific suffix meaning 'Mr.' or 'Ms.'

これら

korera — These (plural demonstrative pronoun for nearby items).

いずれ

izure — Either; any of; eventually (context-dependent).

おい

oite — In; at; regarding (classical particle おいて).

も

mo — Also, too, even; inclusive particle.

法的

hōteki — Legal; relating to law or judicial matters.

逮捕

taiho — Arrest; taking a person into legal custody.

や

ya — And (listing particle); or (in some contexts).

司法的

shihōteki — Judicial; relating to courts or justice system.

調査

chōsa — Investigation, inquiry, or survey into a matter.

いう

iu — To say; called; known as (quotative verb).

形

katachi — Form, shape, or manner of doing something.

何らか

nanraka — Some kind of; any form of action or measure.

措置

sochi — Measure, step, or action taken to address something.

取ら

tora — Taking (stem of 取る, toru); to take action.

れる

reru — Passive auxiliary verb indicating action done to subject.

こと

koto — Thing, fact, or nominalizer turning verbs into nouns.

なかっ

nakatta — Did not; past negative form of ない (nai).

述べ

nobete — Stating, describing, or expressing verbally.

年

nen — Year; counter for years in time.

月

tsuki / gatsu — Month; moon (dual reading depending on context).

日

nichi / hi — Day; sun; counter for days of the month.

付

zuke — Dated; suffix indicating the date of a document.

紙

shi — Newspaper; paper (used as suffix for publications).

同様

dōyō — Similarly; in the same way or manner.

免責

imenseki — Exemption from responsibility; impunity or immunity.

もと

moto — Under (conditions); based on; at the origin of.

行わ

okonawa — Carried out, performed (stem of 行う, okonau).

れ

re — Passive verb ending; being done (to subject).

類似

ruiji — Similar, resembling, or analogous in nature.

残虐

zangyaku — Atrocity; brutal or savage act of cruelty.

事件

jiken — Incident, case, or criminal event.

次

tsugi — Next; the following item or sequence.

よう

yō — Like, as if; manner or appearance of something.

伝え

tsutaete — Conveying, reporting, or passing on information.

本市

honshi — This city; referring to the city being discussed.

紳士

shinshi — Gentleman; a refined, respectable male person.

受け取っ

uketotte — Having received (stem of 受け取る, uketoru).

州

shū — State or province (administrative division).

郡

gun — County; administrative subdivision below a state.

手紙

tegami — Letter; written correspondence sent to someone.

情報

jōhō — Information, news, or intelligence on a subject.

よれ

yore — According to; based on (from よる, yoru).

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when.'

将軍

shōgun — General; military commander or feudal lord.

甥

oi — Nephew; the son of one's sibling.

あり

ari — Being; existing (classical/formal form of ある).

父親

chichioya — Father; one's male parent.

公職

kōshoku — Public office; official government position or post.

就い

tsuite — Taking up; being appointed to a position.

られる

rareru — Passive or honorific auxiliary verb suffix.

名

na / mei — Name; a certain person (used as counter or prefix).

青年

seinen — Young man; youth in their late teens or twenties.

農場

nōjō — Farm; agricultural land used for cultivation.

一人

hitori — One person; alone; by oneself.

銃

jū — Gun, firearm, or rifle used as a weapon.

若い

wakai — Young; being of a relatively early age.

管理

kanri — Management, administration, or supervision of something.

任さ

makasa — Being entrusted with; delegated responsibility (from 任す).

おり

ori — Being (polite/formal form of いる, iru).

使用人

shiyōnin — Servant, employee, or person in domestic service.

命令

meirei — Order, command, or directive given to someone.

下し

kudashi — Issuing an order; delivering a verdict or command.

従わ

shitagawa — Obeying; following orders or rules (from 従う).

ため

tame — Because; for the sake of; due to a cause.

家

ie / uchi — House, home, or household dwelling.

入り

iri — Entering; going into a place (stem of 入る).

手

te — Hand; arm (body part used for action).

入れ

ire — Putting in; inserting; including something.

戻っ

modotte — Returning, going back (stem of 戻る, modoru).

き

ki — Came (stem of 来る, kuru, in compound).

撃っ

utte — Shot, fired a gun (stem of 撃つ, utsu).

さら

sara — Furthermore; moreover; anew (さらに abbreviated).

すぐ

sugu — Immediately, right away, or very soon.

住居

jūkyo — Residence, dwelling, or place of living.

逃げ去り

nigesari — Fleeing away; running off and disappearing quickly.

今

ima — Now; the present moment in time.

そこ

soko — There; that place near the listener.

何

nani — What; any (interrogative or indefinite pronoun).

咎め

togame — Blame, reproach, or being held accountable.

受け

uke — Receiving; accepting something given or done.

い

i — Being (stem of いる); present existence marker.

る

ru — Plain present-tense verb ending (dictionary form).