Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave — Page 12

Vocabulary

好像

hǎoxiàng — seems like, as if, resembles something

把

bǎ — preposition marking object before verb

一个

yī gè — one, a single (general measure word)

人

rén — person, human being

贬低

biǎndī — to belittle, demean, or degrade someone

到

dào — to reach, arrive at a point or degree

物品

wùpǐn — article, item, object, physical thing

的

de — structural particle indicating possession or description

地步

dìbù — degree, extent, state reached in situation

比

bǐ — compared to, more than, than

对

duì — toward, to, directed at someone

他

tā — he, him, third person masculine pronoun

施以

shī yǐ — to inflict upon, to apply something to someone

严厉

yánlì — strict, severe, harsh in manner or punishment

鞭打

biāndǎ — to flog, whip, beat with a lash

或

huò — or, either, alternatively

剥夺

bōduó — to deprive, strip away rights or necessities

必要

bìyào — necessary, essential, required

食物

shíwù — food, nourishment, edible items

和

hé — and, together with

衣物

yīwù — clothing, garments, articles of dress

残忍

cánrěn — cruel, brutal, ruthless in action

程度

chéngdù — degree, level, extent of something

更

gèng — even more, still more, further

轻些

qīng xiē — slightly lighter, a bit less severe

似的

shìde — as if, like, resembling (sentence-final particle)

鞭子

biānzi — whip, lash used for flogging

锁链

suǒliàn — chain, shackle used to restrain someone

监工

jiāngōng — overseer, supervisor who watches laborers

巡逻队

xúnluó duì — patrol team or squad conducting rounds

并非

bìngfēi — not at all, by no means, definitely not

全都

quándōu — all, every one, without exception

是

shì — is, are, to be (copula verb)

压制

yāzhì — to suppress, restrain, hold down by force

奴隶

núlì — slave, person owned and controlled by another

保护

bǎohù — to protect, safeguard, defend from harm

那些

nàxiē — those, referring to specific plural things

冷酷

lěngkù — cold-blooded, callous, merciless in character

压迫者

yāpò zhě — oppressor, one who subjugates or tyrannizes others

所

suǒ — particle indicating passive or relative construction

不可或缺

bùkě huòquē — indispensable, absolutely necessary, cannot be missing

工具

gōngjù — tool, instrument, means to accomplish something

当

dāng — when, at the time that (conjunction)

婚姻

hūnyīn — marriage, the institution of wedlock

制度

zhìdù — system, institution, established set of rules

被

bèi — passive marker, by (used in passive sentences)

废除

fèichú — to abolish, annul, do away with officially

时

shí — when, at the time of (temporal marker)

与

yǔ — and, with, together with (formal conjunction)

必然

bìrán — inevitable, certain to happen, necessarily so

不会

bù huì — will not, cannot, not likely to occur

盛行

shèngxíng — to prevail, be widespread, flourish extensively

人类

rénlèi — humanity, humankind, the human race

一切

yīqiè — all, everything, every single thing

权利

quánlì — rights, entitlements belonging to a person

遭到

zāodào — to suffer, encounter something negative or harmful

消灭

xiāomiè — to eliminate, destroy, wipe out completely

仍有

réng yǒu — still there is, yet remains, continues to exist

某种

mǒu zhǒng — some kind of, a certain type of

屏障

píngzhàng — barrier, shield, protective buffer against harm

能

néng — can, able to, capable of doing

受害者

shòuhài zhě — victim, person who suffers harm or injury

免受

miǎn shòu — to be spared from, protected against suffering

施暴者

shī bào zhě — perpetrator of violence, one who commits abuse

狂怒

kuángnù — furious rage, extreme uncontrolled anger

生命

shēngmìng — life, existence, living being's vital existence

自由

zìyóu — freedom, liberty, being free from constraint

绝对

juéduì — absolute, unconditional, total, without restriction

权力

quánlì — power, authority, control over others

攫取

juéqǔ — to seize, grab, snatch away forcibly

这种

zhè zhǒng — this kind of, this type of thing

以

yǐ — with, by means of, using (formal preposition)

毁灭性

huǐmiè xìng — destructive, devastating, causing total ruin

方式

fāngshì — way, method, manner of doing something

挥舞

huīwǔ — to wield, brandish, wave something vigorously

这类

zhè lèi — this type of, such, this category of

怀疑论者

huáiyí lùn zhě — skeptic, person who doubts or disbelieves claims

在

zài — at, in, located at (preposition of place)

社会上

shèhuì shàng — in society, within the social sphere

比比皆是

bǐbǐ jiē shì — found everywhere, extremely common, all over place

极少数

jí shǎoshù — a very small minority, extremely few cases

情况下

qíngkuàng xià — under circumstances, in the case or situation

他们

tāmen — they, them, third person plural pronoun

不信任

bù xìnrèn — distrust, lack of trust or confidence in

源于

yuányú — originates from, stems from, arises from

缺乏

quēfá — to lack, be deficient in, short of

思考

sīkǎo — to think deeply, reflect, ponder carefully

但

dàn — but, however, yet (adversative conjunction)

总体而言

zǒngtǐ ér yán — generally speaking, on the whole, overall

这

zhè — this, referring to something nearby or mentioned

表明了

biǎomíng le — has indicated, revealed, demonstrated clearly

一种

yī zhǒng — a kind of, a type of, one sort

光明

guāngmíng — light, brightness; also means hope or righteousness

憎恨

zēnghèn — to hate, detest, feel strong aversion toward

想要

xiǎng yào — to want, desire, wish to have or do

奴隶制

núlì zhì — slavery, the institution of enslaving people

其

qí — its, their, his (formal third-person possessive)

敌人

dírén — enemy, foe, adversary, hostile person

攻击

gōngjī — to attack, assault, strike against someone

欲望

yùwàng — desire, craving, strong wish or urge

以及

yǐjí — as well as, and also, together with

有色人种

yǒusè rénzhǒng — people of color, non-white racial groups

蔑视

mièshì — to despise, scorn, look down upon someone

无论

wúlùn — regardless of, no matter what or whether

身陷

shēn xiàn — to be trapped in, mired in a situation

奴役

núyì — enslavement, bondage, subjugation through forced labor

还是

háishi — or, still, whether...or (connecting alternatives)

已获

yǐ huò — already obtained, has received or achieved

这些人

zhèxiē rén — these people, this group of individuals

将

jiāng — will, shall, about to (future marker)

试图

shìtú — to attempt, try to do something, endeavor

否定

fǒudìng — to deny, negate, refute, reject as false

这部

zhè bù — this (measure word for works like books/films)

真实

zhēnshí — true, authentic, real, not fabricated

叙事

xùshì — narrative, account, storytelling of events

中

zhōng — in, within, inside (location marker)

记载

jìzǎi — to record, document, written account of events

令人震惊

lìng rén zhènjīng — shocking, astonishing, causing people to be stunned

奴隶主

núlì zhǔ — slaveholder, slave owner, master of slaves

残暴

cánbào — brutal, savage, ferociously cruel in behavior

故事

gùshi — story, tale, narrative account of events

努力

nǔlì — to try hard, make effort, strive diligently

将是

jiāng shì — will be, shall be (future tense expression)

徒劳

túláo — futile, in vain, wasted effort yielding nothing

先生

xiānsheng — Mr., sir, gentleman, respectful form of address

已

yǐ — already, has already done (completion marker)

坦诚

tǎnchéng — honest, candid, frank and sincere in speech

地

de — adverbial particle linking adverb to verb

披露

pīlù — to disclose, reveal, make known publicly

了

le — particle indicating completed action or change

出生地

chūshēng dì — birthplace, location where one was born

声称

chēngchēng — to claim, assert, profess ownership or truth

拥有

yōngyǒu — to possess, own, have in one's possession

身体

shēntǐ — body, physical form of a person

灵魂

línghún — soul, spirit, inner essence of a person

所有权

suǒyǒuquán — ownership, right of possession over something

之人

zhī rén — the person who, one who (formal construction)

姓名

xìngmíng — full name, surname and given name together

实施

shíshī — to carry out, implement, put into practice

指控

zhǐkòng — accusation, charge, allegation against someone

之

zhī — formal possessive or linking particle (literary)

罪行

zuìxíng — crime, criminal act, wrongdoing, offense

因此

yīncǐ — therefore, consequently, for this reason

陈述

chénshù — statement, account, to state or describe facts

若

ruò — if, supposing that (formal conditional conjunction)

属

shǔ — to belong to, be classified as, constitute

不实

bùshí — untrue, false, not factual or accurate

很

hěn — very, quite, extremely (degree adverb)

容易

róngyì — easy, simple, not difficult to do

驳倒

bódǎo — to refute, disprove, defeat an argument conclusively