Notre-Dame de Paris — Page 4

Vocabulary

PICCOLA

Small, little; feminine adjective describing size

SPADA

Sword; a bladed weapon used in combat

IN

In, into; common preposition indicating location or state

TASCA

Pocket; a small pouch sewn into clothing

CAPITOLO

Chapter; a main division of a book

SOCCORSO

Help, rescue, aid given in an emergency

LIBRO

Book; a written or printed literary work

UNDICESIMO

Eleventh; ordinal number indicating position eleven

I

The; masculine plural definite article in Italian

LA

The; feminine singular definite article in Italian

SCARPINA

Little shoe; diminutive of scarpa, a small shoe

BELLA

Beautiful, lovely; feminine adjective describing appearance

CREATURA

Creature, being; a living or created entity

VESTITA

Dressed, clothed; past participle of vestire

DI

Of, from; very common Italian preposition

BIANCO

White; a color, masculine adjective form

IL

The; masculine singular definite article in Italian

MATRIMONIO

Marriage, wedding; the union of two people

NOTA

Note; a brief explanatory or informational annotation

NOTE

Notes; plural of nota, explanatory annotations in text

A

To, at; common Italian preposition of direction

PIÈ

Foot; poetic or archaic form of piede

PAGINA

Page; a single side of a leaf in a book

VOLUME

Volume; a book or one book in a series

PRIMO

First; ordinal number indicating the first position

GRANDE

Large, great, big; adjective describing size or importance

SALA

Hall, room; a large room for gatherings or events

anni

Years; plural of anno, units of time measurement

sei

Six; the cardinal number between five and seven

mesi

Months; plural of mese, units of calendar time

e

And; basic coordinating conjunction in Italian

diciannove

Nineteen; the cardinal number between eighteen and twenty

giorni

Days; plural of giorno, units of daily time

fa

Ago; indicates elapsed time in Italian expressions

i

The; masculine plural definite article in Italian

parigini

Parisians; residents or natives of Paris, France

si

Themselves, oneself; reflexive pronoun in Italian

svegliarono

They woke up; past tense of svegliarsi

al

At the, to the; contraction of a and il

suono

Sound; a noise or audible vibration perceived by ears

di

Of, from; very common Italian preposition

tutte

All, every; feminine plural form of tutto

le

The; feminine plural definite article in Italian

campane

Bells; plural of campana, instruments that ring loudly

nel

In the; contraction of in and il

triplice

Triple, threefold; consisting of three parts or elements

circuito

Circuit, enclosure; a surrounding area or enclosed zone

della

Of the; feminine singular contraction of di and la

città

City, town; an urban settlement or municipality

dell'

Of the; elided contraction of di and the article

università

University; an institution of higher learning and research

del

Of the; masculine singular contraction of di and il

borgo

Borough, village; a small town or city district

che

That, which, who; common Italian conjunction or pronoun

suonavano

They were ringing; imperfect tense of suonare

a

To, at; common Italian preposition of direction

distesa

At full peal; ringing continuously without stopping

Il

The; masculine singular definite article in Italian

gennaio

January; the first month of the calendar year

non

Not; basic negation word in Italian

è

Is; third person singular present of essere

tuttavia

However, nevertheless, yet; a concessive adverb

un

A, an; masculine singular indefinite article

giorno

Day; a 24-hour period of time

cui

Which, whom; Italian relative pronoun following a preposition

la

The; feminine singular definite article in Italian

storia

History, story; an account of past events

abbia

Has; subjunctive form of avere, auxiliary verb

conservato

Preserved, kept; past participle of conservare

il

The; masculine singular definite article in Italian

ricordo

Memory, recollection; something remembered from the past

Non

Not; basic negation word in Italian

vi

There, here; adverbial pronoun indicating place

era

Was, there was; imperfect tense of essere

nulla

Nothing; pronoun indicating complete absence of something

notevole

Notable, remarkable; worthy of attention or mention

nell'

In the; elided contraction of in and the article

avvenimento

Event, occurrence; something that happens at a time

aveva

Had; third person singular imperfect of avere

così

So, thus, like this; common Italian adverb

messo

Put, placed; past participle of mettere

in

In, into; common preposition indicating location or state

agitazione

Agitation, excitement; a state of anxious disturbance

_borghesi_

Burghers, citizens; middle-class urban residents of a city

fin

Since, from, until; preposition indicating a starting point

dal

From the; masculine singular contraction of da and il

mattino

Morning; the early part of the day

presto

Early, soon, quickly; adverb of time or speed

né

Neither, nor; negative coordinating conjunction

assalto

Assault, attack; a violent offensive against someone

dei

Of the; masculine plural contraction of di and i

una

A, an; feminine singular indefinite article

caccia

Hunt, chase; the pursuit of animals or people

condotta

Conducted, led; past participle of condurre

processione

Procession; a formal group moving in an orderly line

rivolta

Revolt, uprising; a rebellion against authority

studenti

Students; people who study at a school or university

nella

In the; feminine singular contraction of in and la

ingresso

Entrance, entry; the act of entering or a doorway

nostro

Our; first person plural possessive adjective

molto

Very, much; common Italian intensifying adverb

temuto

Feared, dreaded; past participle of temere

signore

Lord, sir, mister; a title of respect for men

re

King; the male monarch of a kingdom

tanto

So much, so; Italian adverb of degree or quantity

meno

Less, fewer; comparative adverb indicating reduction

bella

Beautiful, lovely; feminine adjective describing appearance

impiccagione

Hanging; execution by hanging from a rope

ladri

Thieves; plural of ladro, people who steal things

ladre

Female thieves; feminine plural of ladra

per

For, by, through; common Italian preposition

mano

Hand; the part of the body at the arm's end

tribunali

Courts, tribunals; official judicial bodies administering law

nemmeno

Not even, neither; emphasizes negation in a sentence

l'

The; elided definite article before a vowel sound

arrivo

Arrival; the act of reaching a destination

frequente

Frequent, common; occurring often or repeatedly

quindicesimo

Fifteenth; ordinal number indicating position fifteen

secolo

Century; a period of one hundred years

qualche

Some, a few; indefinite adjective indicating an unspecified amount

ambasciata

Embassy, ambassadorial mission; a diplomatic delegation

parata

Parade; a public procession or ceremonial display

festa

Festival, party, celebration; a festive public event

Erano

They were; third person plural imperfect of essere

appena

Just, barely, hardly; adverb indicating a short time ago

due

Two; the cardinal number between one and three

da

From, since, by; common Italian preposition

quando

When; conjunction or adverb of time

ultima

Last, final; feminine superlative adjective

cavalcata

Cavalcade, ride; a procession of people on horseback

tal

Such, that; shortened form of tale before a noun

genere

Kind, type, genre; a category or sort of thing

quella

That; feminine singular demonstrative pronoun or adjective

degli

Of the; masculine plural contraction of di and gli

ambasciatori

Ambassadors; official diplomatic representatives of a country

incaricati

Charged with, tasked; past participle of incaricare

concludere

To conclude, finalize; to bring something to an end

matrimonio

Marriage, wedding; the union of two people

tra

Between, among; preposition indicating a middle position

delfino

Dauphin, dolphin; title for the French crown prince

fatto

Done, made; past participle of fare

suo

His, her, its; third person singular possessive adjective

con

With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means

grande

Large, great, big; adjective describing size or importance

fastidio

Annoyance, bother; a feeling of irritation or displeasure

signor

Mister, lord; abbreviated title of respect for a man