Notre-Dame de Paris — Page 8

Vocabulary

もし

moshi — If; used to introduce a conditional or hypothetical situation.

年

nen — Year; unit of time measurement.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

人間

ningen — Human being; person; mankind.

で

de — Particle indicating location, means, or state.

ある

aru — To exist; to be (for inanimate things).

我々

wareware — We; us; first-person plural pronoun.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or time.

世紀

seiki — Century; a period of one hundred years.

市民

shimin — Citizen; resident of a city or state.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.

と

to — Particle meaning 'and' or 'with'; quotation marker.

思い

omoi — Thought; feeling; desire; strong emotion.

中

naka — Inside; middle; among; within a group.

交わり

majiwari — Association; mingling; socializing with others.

押さ

osa — To be pushed; shoved (stem form of 押す).

肘

hiji — Elbow; the joint in the middle of the arm.

引きずら

hikizura — To be dragged along; pulled forcibly (stem form).

宮殿

kyūden — Palace; grand official royal or imperial residence.

広大

kōdai — Vast; extensive; enormous in size or scale.

ホール

hōru — Hall; large interior room or public space.

彼ら

karera — They; them; third-person plural pronoun.

入る

hairu — To enter; to go inside a place.

こと

koto — Thing; matter; fact; nominalizer for verb phrases.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle; also indicates contrast.

許さ

yurusa — To be permitted; allowed; forgiven (stem form).

ならば

naraba — If it is; supposing that; conditional conjunction.

その

sono — That; the; demonstrative adjective for nearby things.

光景

kōkei — Scene; sight; view; a striking visual spectacle.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle; indicates sentence subject.

興味

kyōmi — Interest; curiosity; fascination toward something.

魅力

miryoku — Charm; attraction; appeal; alluring quality.

欠ける

kakeru — To lack; to be missing; to be deficient.

ところ

tokoro — Place; point; aspect; situation or circumstance.

周り

mawari — Surroundings; around; the area encircling something.

すべて

subete — All; everything; every single thing or person.

古い

furui — Old; aged; antiquated; not new or modern.

ゆえ

yue — Because; therefore; reason; cause (formal expression).

新しく

atarashiku — Newly; freshly; in a new manner (adverb form).

見える

mieru — To appear; to look like; to be visible.

読者

dokusha — Reader; a person who reads a text.

了承

ryōshō — Consent; acknowledgment; approval of a request.

得

e — To obtain; to get; to acquire (formal stem).

大広間

ōhiroma — Great hall; large ceremonial or public room.

敷居

shikii — Threshold; door sill; entryway of a building.

上着

uwagi — Jacket; outer garment; top layer of clothing.

まとっ

matot(te) — To wear; to be dressed in; to don clothing.

喧騒

kensō — Uproar; hustle and bustle; noisy commotion.

群衆

gunshū — Crowd; multitude; large gathering of people.

体験

taiken — Experience; firsthand encounter with an event.

印象

inshō — Impression; image formed in one's mind.

努める

tsutomeru — To strive; to make an effort; to endeavor.

まず

mazu — First of all; to begin with; primarily.

第一

daiichi — First; number one; most important.

耳

mimi — Ear; the organ of hearing.

騒音

sōon — Noise; loud disturbing sound; din.

響き

hibiki — Echo; reverberation; resonant sound.

目

me — Eye; the organ of sight.

頭上

zujō — Overhead; above one's head; up above.

木彫り

kibori — Wood carving; decorative work carved in wood.

青く

aoku — Blue; painted or colored blue (adverb form).

黄金

ōgon — Gold; golden; made of or colored like gold.

百合

yuri — Lily; a flowering plant; fleur-de-lis symbol.

紋章

monshō — Coat of arms; heraldic emblem; family crest.

二重

nijū — Double; twofold; layered twice.

アーチ

āchi — Arch; curved architectural structural element.

天井

tenjō — Ceiling; the overhead interior surface of a room.

足元

ashimoto — At one's feet; the ground beneath one's feet.

黒

kuro — Black; the darkest color.

白

shiro — White; the lightest color.

大理石

dairiishi — Marble; polished stone used in fine construction.

交互

kōgo — Alternately; in turns; one after another.

並ぶ

narabu — To line up; to be arranged in a row.

数歩

sūho — Several steps; a few paces forward.

先

saki — Ahead; in front; beyond a certain point.

巨大

kyodai — Huge; gigantic; enormous in size.

柱

hashira — Pillar; column; vertical structural support.

さらに

sara ni — Furthermore; even more; in addition.

合計

gōkei — Total; sum; the combined count of everything.

七本

nanahon — Seven (long cylindrical objects); counter for pillars.

縦

tate — Vertical; lengthwise; up-and-down direction.

方向

hōkō — Direction; course; the way something points.

沿っ

sot(te) — Along; following the line or length of something.

並び

narabi — Row; lineup; arrangement side by side.

幅

haba — Width; breadth; the measurement from side to side.

中央

chūō — Center; the middle point of a space.

支え

sasae — Support; prop; something that holds up a structure.

四本

yonhon — Four (long cylindrical objects); counter for pillars.

商人

shōnin — Merchant; trader; person who buys and sells goods.

露店

roten — Street stall; open-air market booth or stand.

ガラス

garasu — Glass; transparent material made from silica.

金銀

kingin — Gold and silver; precious metals together.

輝い

kagayai — To shine; to gleam; to glitter brilliantly.

残り

nokori — Remainder; the rest; what is left over.

三本

sanhon — Three (long cylindrical objects); counter for pillars.

訴訟

soshō — Lawsuit; legal action; court case or litigation.

ズボン

zubon — Trousers; pants; lower body clothing garment.

弁護士

bengoshi — Lawyer; attorney; legal professional in court.

ガウン

gaun — Gown; long flowing robe worn formally or officially.

長椅子

nagaisu — Bench; long seat accommodating multiple people.