On Liberty — Page 1

Vocabulary

および

oyobi — And; as well as; in addition to.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle indicating relation.

オンライン

onrain — Online; connected to the internet.

分散

bunsan — Distributed; scattered; spread across multiple locations.

校正

kōsei — Proofreading; correcting errors in a text.

チーム

chīmu — Team; a group working together.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or agent.

よって

yotte — By means of; by; due to; because of.

制作

seisaku — Production; creation of a work or content.

され

sare — Passive verb form; was done/produced.

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary verb component (mashita).

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary; indicates completed action.

自由

jiyū — Freedom; liberty; absence of restriction.

論

ron — Theory; discourse; essay on a subject.

著

cho — Written by; authored by (used in titles).

法学

hōgaku — Law; legal studies; jurisprudence.

博士

hakase / hakushi — Doctor; holder of a doctoral degree.

よる

yoru — By; based on; according to.

序文

jobun — Preface; foreword; introductory text.

付き

tsuki — Attached; included; with something added.

出版

shuppan — Publishing; to publish a book or work.

株式

kabushiki — Stock; shares; used in company names.

会社

kaisha — Company; corporation; business organization.

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun.

著作

chosaku — Written work; literary or intellectual work.

中

naka / chū — Inside; among; middle; within a group.

で

de — Particle indicating location, means, or scope.

最も

mottomo — Most; the greatest degree of something.

優れ

sugure — Excel; be superior; outstanding quality.

すべて

subete — All; everything; every single thing.

もの

mono — Thing; object; something; a nominalizer.

霊感

reikan — Inspiration; spiritual feeling; divine influence.

源

minamoto — Source; origin; root of something.

あり

ari — Exist; be; there is (classical/formal form).

また

mata — Also; again; furthermore; in addition.

一部

ichibu — A part; a portion; some section of something.

は

wa — Topic marker particle; indicates subject of sentence.

その

sono — That; those; referring to something mentioned.

著者

chosha — Author; writer of a book or text.

も

mo — Also; too; even; as well (particle).

あっ

a(t) — Short form of 'atta'; was; existed (past).

彼女

kanojo — She; her; girlfriend.

愛しく

itoshiku — Dearly; lovingly; in a cherished manner.

悼ま

itama — Mourn; grieve for someone who has passed.

れる

reru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.

記憶

kioku — Memory; recollection; remembrance of something.

真実

shinjitsu — Truth; reality; genuine fact.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle; connecting nouns.

正義

seigi — Justice; righteousness; moral correctness.

対する

taisuru — Toward; regarding; in relation to something.

崇高

sūkō — Sublime; noble; lofty; elevated in character.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjective to noun.

感覚

kankaku — Sense; feeling; sensation; perception.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; indicates grammatical subject.

最大

saidai — Greatest; maximum; largest in degree or size.

励み

hagemi — Encouragement; motivation; stimulus to act.

承認

shōnin — Approval; recognition; acknowledgment of something.

報酬

hōshū — Reward; compensation; payment for work done.

友

tomo — Friend; companion; close associate.

妻

tsuma — Wife; one's own spouse (female).

この

kono — This; referring to something near the speaker.

書

sho — Book; writing; a written work or document.

を

wo / o — Object marker particle; marks direct object.

捧げる

sasageru — To dedicate; to offer; to devote to someone.

長年

naganen — Many years; long years; over a long period.

わたって

watatte — Over; spanning; across a period or range.

書い

kai — Write (conjunctive form of 書く, kaku).

て

te — Te-form connector; links verbs in sequence.

き

ki — Come; auxiliary indicating ongoing action (kita).

同様

dōyō — Similarly; likewise; in the same manner.

ある

aru — To exist; to be; to have (inanimate).

しかし

shikashi — However; but; nevertheless; on the other hand.

現状

genjō — Current situation; present state of affairs.

校閲

kōetsu — Editorial review; careful checking of a manuscript.

という

to iu — Called; known as; the so-called thing.

計り知れ

hakarishire — Immeasurable; beyond reckoning; incalculable.

ない

nai — Not; negative auxiliary; does not exist.

恩恵

onkei — Benefit; blessing; favor; grace received.

非常

hijō — Extremely; very; highly; extraordinary degree.

不十分

fujūbun — Insufficient; inadequate; not enough.

程度

teido — Degree; extent; level; measure of something.

しか

shika — Only; nothing but (used with negative verb).

受け

uke — Receive; accept; undergo something (stem form).

い

i — Exist; be (colloquial/contracted form of いる).

重要

jūyō — Important; significant; of great consequence.

部分

bubun — Part; section; portion of a whole.

いくつか

ikutsuka — Some; several; a few of something.

より

yori — More than; from; compared to; than.

慎重

shinchō — Careful; cautious; prudent; deliberate in action.

再検討

saikentō — Re-examination; reconsideration; reviewing again.

ため

tame — For; in order to; for the sake of.

留保

ryūho — Reservation; holding back; withholding for later.

さ

sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives; passive auxiliary component.

れ

re — Passive verb suffix component (reru/rareru).

それら

sorera — Those; those things; referring to previously mentioned items.

もはや

mohaya — No longer; already; not anymore.

決して

kesshite — Never; by no means; absolutely not.

機会

kikai — Opportunity; chance; occasion to do something.

得る

eru / uru — To obtain; to get; to gain; to acquire.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; matter; nominalizer for verbs.

もし

moshi — If; supposing; in case that (conditional).

墓

haka — Grave; tomb; burial place of the dead.

葬ら

houmura — Bury; inter; entomb (stem of 葬る).

偉大

idai — Great; grand; magnificent; extraordinary in stature.

思想

shisō — Thought; ideology; philosophical idea or concept.

感情

kanjō — Emotion; feeling; sentiment; affective state.

半分

hanbun — Half; one half of a whole amount.

世界

sekai — World; the entire globe; all of humanity.

伝える

tsutaeru — To convey; to communicate; to pass on information.

できる

dekiru — Can do; be able to; be possible.

なら

nara — If; in that case; conditional particle.

ば

ba — Conditional particle; if; when a condition is met.

ほぼ

hobo — Almost; nearly; approximately; more or less.

無比

muhi — Unrivaled; incomparable; without equal or match.

知恵

chie — Wisdom; intelligence; wit; clever insight.

促さ

unagasa — Urge; prompt; encourage; spur someone to act.

助け

tasuke — Help; assistance; aid; support given to someone.

られる

rareru — Passive/potential auxiliary; can be done; is done.

なく

naku — Without; not having; lacking (negative te-form).

書ける

kakeru — Can write; be able to write something.

いかなる

ikanaru — Any; whatever; no matter what kind.

から

kara — From; because; since; starting point particle.

生まれ

umare — Birth; to be born; to come into existence.

うる

uru — Can; be able to (classical potential auxiliary).

以上

ijō — More than; above; beyond; no less than.

大きな

ōkina — Large; big; great in size or importance.

媒介

baikai — Medium; intermediary; vehicle transmitting something between parties.

者

mono / sha — Person; one who does something; individual.

なる

naru — Become; turn into; come to be.

だろう

darō — Probably; I suppose; conjecture or supposition.

一

ichi / hito — One; the number one; first.

5月

gogatsu — May; the fifth month of the year.

20日

hatsuka — The 20th day of the month.

彼

kare — He; him; third-person masculine pronoun.

虚弱

kyojaku — Frail; weak; physically feeble; delicate constitution.

子供

kodomo — Child; children; young person.

父親

chichoya — Father; one's male parent.

設計

sekkei — Design; plan; blueprint for a project.

並外れ

namihazure — Extraordinary; exceptional; beyond the ordinary standard.

教育

kyōiku — Education; upbringing; instruction; training.

身体

shintai — Body; the physical human body.

的

teki — Suffix meaning '-like', '-related', or 'pertaining to'.

能力

nōryoku — Ability; capability; capacity; skill.

発達

hattatsu — Development; growth; advancement of abilities.

せ

se — Causative auxiliary stem; make/let someone do.

向上

kōjō — Improvement; advancement; moving to higher level.

せる

seru — Causative auxiliary; to make or let someone do.

よう

yō — In order to; so that; expressing purpose or manner.

考慮

kōryo — Consideration; deliberation; taking into account.

なかっ

naka(t) — Past negative form component; did not; was not.