On Liberty — Page 5

English → Japanese Preface Level 9/10

He died in 1873, his last years being spent peacefully in the pleasant society of his step-daughter, from whose tender care and earnest intellectual sympathy he caught maybe a far-off reflection of the light which had irradiated his spiritual life.

彼は1873年に亡くなり、その晩年は義理の娘の心地よい交わりの中で穏やかに過ごした。彼女の優しい世話と真摯な知的共感から、彼はかつて自らの精神的生活を照らしていた光の、遠いかすかな反映を受け取ったのかもしれない。

II.

二．

The circumstances under which John Stuart Mill wrote his _Liberty_ are largely connected with the influence which Mrs. Taylor wielded over his career.

ジョン・スチュアート・ミルが『自由論』を執筆した経緯は、テイラー夫人が彼の生涯に及ぼした影響と深く結びついている。

The dedication is well known.

その献辞はよく知られている。

It contains the most extraordinary panegyric on a woman that any philosopher has ever penned.

それは、いかなる哲学者もかつて書いたことのない、女性に対する最も並外れた賛辞を含んでいる。

"Were I but capable of interpreting to the world one-half the great thoughts and noble feelings which are buried in her grave, I should be the medium of a greater benefit to it than is ever likely to arise from anything that I can write, unprompted and unassisted by her all but unrivalled wisdom."

「彼女の墓に葬られた偉大な思想と高貴な感情のせめて半分でも世に伝えることができるなら、私は、彼女のほぼ無双の知恵による促しも助けもなく私が書けるいかなるものからも生まれそうにない、より大きな恩恵の媒介者となることができるだろう。」

It is easy for the ordinary worldly cynicism to curl a sceptical lip over sentences like these.

このような文章に対して、世俗的な皮肉屋が懐疑的な冷笑を浮かべるのは容易いことだ。

There may be exaggeration of sentiment, the necessary and inevitable reaction of a man who was trained according to the "dry light" of so unimpressionable a man as James Mill, the father; but the passage quoted is not the only one in which John Stuart Mill proclaims his unhesitating belief in the intellectual influence of his wife.

感情の誇張があるかもしれない。それは、父ジェームズ・ミルのような感受性に乏しい人物の「乾いた光」に従って育てられた人間の、必然的で避けがたい反動である。しかし、引用した一節は、ジョン・スチュアート・ミルが妻の知的影響力に対する揺るぎない信念を表明した唯一の箇所ではない。

The treatise on _Liberty_ was written especially under her authority and encouragement, but there are many earlier references to the power which she exercised over his mind.

『自由論』という論考は特に彼女の権威と励ましのもとに書かれたものであるが、彼女が彼の精神に対して行使した影響力への言及は、それ以前にも数多く存在する。

Vocabulary

彼: kare — He; third-person masculine pronoun.
は: wa — Topic-marking grammatical particle.
に: ni — Grammatical particle indicating time or location.
亡くなり: nakunari — Passed away; died (polite expression).
その: sono — That; referring to something previously mentioned.
晩年: bannen — One's final years; later years of life.
義理: giri — Social duty; obligation; relation by marriage.
の: no — Possessive or linking grammatical particle.
娘: musume — Daughter; young woman.
心地よい: kokochiyoi — Comfortable; pleasant; agreeable feeling.
交わり: majiwari — Association; companionship; social interaction.
中: naka — Inside; among; within a context.
で: de — Grammatical particle indicating means or location of action.
穏やかに: odayaka ni — Calmly; gently; peacefully.
過ごした: sugoshita — Spent time; passed (time) in a way.
彼女: kanojo — She; her; girlfriend.
優しい: yasashii — Kind; gentle; tender in manner.
世話: sewa — Care; assistance; looking after someone.
と: to — And; with; grammatical conjunction or particle.
真摯: shinshi — Sincere; earnest; serious in attitude.
な: na — Adjectival linking particle for na-adjectives.
知的: chiteki — Intellectual; relating to the intellect.
共感: kyōkan — Empathy; sympathy; shared understanding of feelings.
から: kara — From; because of; grammatical particle.
かつて: katsute — Once; formerly; in the past.
自ら: mizukara — Oneself; personally; by one's own hand.
精神的: seishinteki — Spiritual; mental; relating to the mind.
生活: seikatsu — Life; daily living; lifestyle.
を: wo — Object-marking grammatical particle.
照らして: terashite — Illuminating; shining light upon something.
いた: ita — Past tense auxiliary; was doing.
光: hikari — Light; radiance; glow.
遠い: tōi — Far; distant; remote.
かすかな: kasuka na — Faint; dim; barely perceptible.
反映: han'ei — Reflection; to reflect or mirror something.
受け取った: uketotta — Received; accepted something given.
かも: kamo — Perhaps; might; expressing possibility.
しれない: shirenai — Might be; cannot tell; expressing uncertainty.
二: ni — Two; the number 2.
が: ga — Subject-marking grammatical particle.
自由論: jiyūron — On Liberty; treatise on individual freedom.
執筆: shippitsu — Writing; authoring a work or document.
した: shita — Did; past tense of the verb suru.
経緯: keii — Circumstances; background; sequence of events.
夫人: fujin — Madam; Mrs.; a married woman of distinction.
生涯: shōgai — Lifetime; one's entire life span.
及ぼした: oyoboshita — Exerted; exercised influence over something.
影響: eikyō — Influence; effect; impact on something.
深く: fukaku — Deeply; profoundly; to a great degree.
結びついて: musubitsuite — Tied to; connected; linked closely together.
いる: iru — To exist; to be (for animate things).
献辞: kenji — Dedication; dedicatory inscription in a book.
よく: yoku — Well; often; frequently.
知られて: shirarете — Being known; widely recognized by people.
それ: sore — That; referring to something nearby or mentioned.
いかなる: ikanaru — Any; whatever; of any kind whatsoever.
哲学者: tetsugakusha — Philosopher; one who studies philosophy.
も: mo — Also; even; too; inclusive particle.
書いた: kaita — Wrote; past tense of to write.
こと: koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for verbs.
ない: nai — Not exist; negation; there is none.
女性: josei — Woman; female; the female gender.
に対する: ni taisuru — Toward; directed at; regarding someone or something.
最も: mottomo — Most; the most; superlative degree.
並外れた: namihazureta — Extraordinary; exceptional; far above average.
賛辞: sanji — Tribute; compliment; words of high praise.
含んで: fukunde — Containing; including; encompassing within.
墓: haka — Grave; tomb; burial site.
葬られた: hōmurarета — Was buried; interred in a grave.
偉大な: idai na — Great; magnificent; remarkable in stature.
思想: shisō — Thought; ideology; philosophical ideas.
高貴な: kōki na — Noble; lofty; of high moral dignity.
感情: kanjō — Emotion; feeling; sentiment.
せめて: semete — At least; at the very minimum.
半分: hambun — Half; one half of something.
でも: demo — Even; at least; or something like that.
世: yo — World; society; the age or era.
伝える: tsutaeru — To convey; to transmit; to pass on.
できる: dekiru — Can do; be able to; possible.
なら: nara — If; conditional grammatical conjunction.
私: watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun.
ほぼ: hobo — Almost; nearly; approximately.
無双: musō — Peerless; unrivaled; without equal.
知恵: chie — Wisdom; intelligence; clever thinking.
による: ni yoru — By means of; due to; based on.
促し: unagashi — Urging; prompting; encouragement to act.
助け: tasuke — Help; assistance; aid given to someone.
なく: naku — Without; lacking; negating presence of something.
書ける: kakeru — Can write; be able to write.
もの: mono — Thing; something; nominalizing expression.
生まれ: umare — Birth; being born; origin.
そうに: sō ni — Likely; seemingly; appearing to be so.
より: yori — Than; more than; comparative particle.
大きな: ōkina — Large; great; big in scale.
恩恵: onkei — Benefit; grace; blessing or favor received.
媒介者: bakaisha — Mediator; intermediary; agent conveying something.
なる: naru — To become; to turn into something.
だろう: darō — Probably; likely; expressing conjecture.
この: kono — This; referring to something close by.
よう: yō — Like; such as; in this manner.
文章: bunshō — Sentence; written text; prose passage.
に対して: ni taishite — Toward; against; in response to.
世俗的: sezokuteki — Worldly; secular; cynically practical in outlook.
皮肉屋: hinikuya — Cynic; sarcastic person; one given to irony.
懐疑的: kaigiteki — Skeptical; doubting; questioning with disbelief.
冷笑: reishō — Sneer; scornful smile; cold cynical laugh.
浮かべる: ukaberu — To show on face; to float; to display.
容易い: tayasui — Easy; simple; not difficult to do.
だ: da — Is; am; are; plain form copula.
誇張: kochō — Exaggeration; overstatement; hyperbole.
ある: aru — To exist; there is; to have.
父: chichi — Father; one's own father.
感受性: kanjusei — Sensitivity; sensibility; emotional receptiveness.
乏しい: toboshii — Scarce; lacking; poor in amount.
人物: jinbutsu — Person; individual; character of note.
乾いた: kawaita — Dry; arid; lacking warmth or emotion.
従って: shitagatte — Therefore; accordingly; following from that.
育て: sodatе — Raising; nurturing; bringing up a child.
られた: rareta — Passive auxiliary; was done to subject.
人間: ningen — Human being; person; humankind.
必然的: hitsuzenteki — Inevitable; necessary; bound to happen.
避けがたい: sakegatai — Hard to avoid; unavoidable; inescapable.
反動: handō — Reaction; backlash; rebound against prior conditions.
しかし: shikashi — However; but; nevertheless.
引用: in'yō — Quotation; citation; quoting from a source.
一節: hitofushi — A passage; one section of a text.
妻: tsuma — Wife; one's own spouse (female).
影響力: eikyōryoku — Influence; power to affect others.
揺るぎない: yuruginai — Unwavering; firm; unshakeable in conviction.
信念: shinnen — Belief; conviction; strongly held principle.
表明: hyōmei — Declaration; expression; stating clearly one's view.
唯一: yuiitsu — Only; sole; the one and only.
箇所: kasho — Passage; place; a specific spot in text.
という: to iu — Called; known as; named; quoting expression.
論考: ronkō — Essay; treatise; analytical discussion.
特に: toku ni — Especially; particularly; in particular.
権威: ken'i — Authority; prestige; expert standing.
励まし: hagemashi — Encouragement; motivation; words of support.
もと: moto — Under; basis; origin; at the behest of.
書かれた: kakareta — Was written; passive form of to write.
精神: seishin — Spirit; mind; mental faculty.
行使: kōshi — Exercise; use; exertion of power or rights.
へ: e — To; toward; directional particle.
言及: genkyū — Reference; mention; alluding to something.
以前: izen — Before; previously; prior to this time.
数多く: kazuōku — Numerous; many; a large number of.
存在: sonzai — Existence; being; presence of something.
する: suru — To do; to perform; general action verb.

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