On Liberty — Page 15

Vocabulary

자유론

jayuron — Treatise on liberty; title of Mill's famous essay.

에서

eseo — Particle meaning 'in,' 'at,' or 'from' a place.

밀

mil — Mill; refers to philosopher John Stuart Mill.

은

eun — Topic-marking particle attached after a consonant.

개인

gaein — Individual; a single person as distinct from a group.

이

i — Subject-marking particle used after a consonant.

사회

sahoe — Society; an organized community of people.

에

e — Particle meaning 'to,' 'at,' or 'in' a location or time.

대해

daehae — Regarding; concerning a particular subject or topic.

어떠한

eotteohan — Any kind of; whatever sort of thing.

절대적

jeoldaejeok — Absolute; unconditional, not relative to anything else.

권리

gwonri — Right; a legal or moral entitlement one possesses.

도

do — Particle meaning 'also,' 'even,' or 'either.'

갖지

gatji — Verbal stem form of 'to have,' used in negation.

않는다는

annneundaneun — Quoting that something does not happen or exist.

결론

gyeollon — Conclusion; a final judgment reached after reasoning.

으로

euro — Particle indicating direction, means, or resulting state.

급속히

geupsohi — Rapidly; at a very fast pace or speed.

치닫고

chidatgo — Rushing headlong toward; hurtling rapidly in a direction.

있던

itdeon — Past modifier meaning 'that was' or 'that existed.'

시대

sidae — Era; a period of time defined by distinct characteristics.

의

ui — Possessive particle meaning 'of' or 'belonging to.'

바로

baro — Exactly; right at that moment or place.

그

geu — That; a demonstrative pronoun referring to something mentioned.

개막기

gaemakgi — Opening period; the initial phase or dawn of an era.

맞서는

majeosneun — Opposing; standing against or confronting something directly.

를

reul — Object-marking particle attached after a vowel.

옹호하고

onghohago — Defending and supporting a cause or principle actively.

있었다

isseotda — Past progressive; was in the state of doing something.

세기

segi — Century; a period of one hundred years.

관점

gwanjeom — Viewpoint; a particular perspective or standpoint.

개인들

gaeindeul — Individuals; plural form referring to multiple persons.

먼저

meonjeo — First; prior to others in time or order.

존재했으며

jonjaehaesseumyeo — Existed and furthermore; linking two past factual clauses.

각자

gakja — Each person; every individual separately and independently.

고유한

goyuhan — Unique; inherent and belonging exclusively to one thing.

주장

jujang — Claim; an assertion or argument one puts forward.

과

gwa — Conjunctive particle meaning 'and,' used after a consonant.

책임

chaegim — Responsibility; an obligation or duty one is accountable for.

을

eul — Object-marking particle attached after a consonant.

지녔고

jinyeotgo — Possessed and; held something and continued onward.

그들

geudeul — They; third-person plural pronoun referring to those people.

계약

gyeyak — Contract; a formal agreement between two or more parties.

이나

ina — Particle meaning 'or' listing alternatives after a noun.

밖의

bakkui — Outside of; beyond the boundary of something specified.

방식

bangsik — Method; a particular way or manner of doing something.

의도적

uidojeok — Intentional; done deliberately with a specific purpose in mind.

국가

gukga — State; a nation or politically organized sovereign community.

형성했으며

hyeongseonghaesseumyeo — Formed and; established something and additionally did more.

그렇게

geureoke — In that way; in such a manner as described.

자의적

Arbitrary; based on personal whim rather than principle.

만들어진

mandeureoijn — Made; having been created or constructed by someone.

유기체

yugiche — Organism; a living or organically structured whole entity.

이익

iik — Benefit; an advantage or profit gained from something.

고려하여

goryeohayeo — Taking into consideration; having carefully thought something through.

마침내

machimae — Finally; at last, after a long time or process.

자신들

jasindeul — Themselves; reflexive plural pronoun referring back to the subject.

행동

haengdong — Action; behavior or conduct carried out by a person.

스스로

seuseuro — By oneself; independently, without external help or compulsion.

제한했다는

jehanhaetdaneun — Quoting that someone restricted or limited their own actions.

것이다

geosida — It is the case that; a formal assertive sentence ending.

이것

igeot — This; a near demonstrative pronoun referring to something close.

과는

gwaneun — Compared with; topic-marked contrastive particle after a noun.

거리

geori — Distance; the space between two points or ideas.

가

ga — Subject-marking particle attached after a vowel.

멀다

meolda — To be far; to be distant in space or concept.

논리적

nollijeok — Logical; based on or consistent with sound reasoning.

으로는

euroneun — In terms of; topicalized directional or means particle.

보다

boda — Than; a comparative particle indicating a higher degree.

선행할

seonhaenghal — Future modifier of 'to precede'; that which will come before.

수

su — Ability or possibility; used in '~ㄹ 수 있다' structure.

있지만

itjiman — Exists but; concessive connector acknowledging a fact yet contrasting.

역사적

yeoksajeok — Historical; relating to or based on past historical events.

그리고

geurigo — And; a conjunction connecting two clauses or ideas.

자연

jayeon — Nature; the natural world or a natural order of things.

질서

jilseo — Order; an organized arrangement or system of things.

상으로는

sangeuroneun — In terms of; topicalized particle indicating perspective or plane.

선행한다

seonhaenghanda — Precedes; comes before something else in order or time.

다시

dasi — Again; once more, or used in 'in other words.'

말해

malhae — To say; used in 'in other words' (다시 말해).

현대

hyeondae — Modern times; the contemporary era we currently live in.

세계

segye — World; the earth or a particular domain of existence.

각각

gakgak — Each; every one separately and individually considered.

보유하는

boyuhaneun — Holding; possessing or retaining something as one's own.

권리들

gwonrideul — Rights; plural of right, entitlements belonging to individuals.

본원적

bonwonjeok — Original; fundamental or inherent from the very source.

명령

myeongnyeong — Command; an authoritative order or directive given to someone.

의해

uihae — By means of; indicating the agent or cause of something.

에게

ege — To; a particle indicating the recipient of an action.

귀속되는

gwisokdoeneun — Being attributed or belonging to a particular entity or person.

것

geot — Thing; a nominalizer referring to a fact or entity.

아니라

anira — Not; used in 'not A but B' contrastive structure.

성장

seongjang — Growth; the process of developing or becoming larger over time.

발전

baljeon — Development; progress or advancement in a positive direction.

속에서

sogeseo — Within; inside a process, space, or ongoing situation.

서서히

seoseohi — Gradually; slowly and steadily over a period of time.

획득되는

hoekdeukdoeneun — Being acquired; gradually obtained through effort or development.

이다

ida — To be; the copula linking a subject to its predicate.

인간들

ingandeul — Human beings; plural referring to people in general.

공동체

gongdongche — Community; a group of people sharing common ties or place.

로

ro — Particle indicating direction, transformation, or means of action.

만들었을

mandeureotsseul — Past hypothetical modifier of 'made'; when they had made.

때

ttae — Time; a specific moment or occasion when something happens.

어떤

eotteon — Some; a certain kind of unspecified thing or person.

의도적인

uidojeogин — Intentional; done on purpose with a deliberate goal.

행위

haengwi — Act; a deliberate deed or formal action taken consciously.

자유

jayu — Freedom; the state of being free from external constraint.

박탈되었다는

baktaldoeeotdaneun — Quoting that freedom was stripped away or taken from someone.

사실

sasil — Fact; something known to be true based on evidence.

아니다

anida — Is not; negative copula denying or contradicting a statement.