On Liberty — Page 2

Vocabulary

ကျွန်တော်

kyun-daw — First-person pronoun; 'I' (formal, male speaker).

ဘယ်တော့မှ

beh-daw-hma — Never; not at any time.

ကလေးဘဝ

ka-lay-ba-wa — Childhood; the period of being a child.

ဖြတ်သန်းခဲ့တာ

hpyat-than-kheh-da — Passed through or experienced (past tense).

မဟုတ်ဘူး

ma-hote-bu — Is not; negation meaning 'that's not the case'.

လို့

lo — Quotative or causal particle meaning 'that' or 'because'.

သူ

thu — Third-person pronoun; he, she, or they.

ပြောတယ်

pyaw-deh — Says or said; to speak or tell.

ခရစ်ကက်

kha-yit-ket — Cricket; the bat-and-ball sport.

မကစားခဲ့ဘူး

ma-ka-zar-kheh-bu — Did not play; negated past tense of 'play'.

သူ၏

thu-yi — His, her, or their; possessive third-person pronoun.

လေ့ကျင့်ခန်းသည်

leh-kyin-gan-thì — Exercise or practice routine; the training regimen.

ဖခင်နှင့်အတူ

hpa-khìn-hnin-a-tu — Together with (one's) father.

လမ်းလျှောက်ခြင်း

lan-shout-chìn — Walking; the act of going on foot.

ပုံစံဖြင့်

pone-san-hpyin — In the form of; by means of.

ပြုလုပ်ခဲ့ပြီး

pyu-loat-kheh-byi — Having done or performed (something) already.

ထိုအချိန်တွင်

hto-a-chein-dwìn — At that time; during that period.

အဖိုးကြီး

a-hpo-ji — Grandfather; elderly male relative or respected man.

သားကို

thar-go — The son; object marker attached to 'son'.

သင်ကြားပြီး

thin-jar-byi — Having taught; after teaching.

လုပ်ငန်းများကို

loat-ngan-mya-go — The tasks or activities; object form of 'tasks'.

စာမေးပွဲ

sa-may-bweh — Examination; a formal test of knowledge.

စစ်ဆေးခဲ့သည်

sit-seh-kheh-thì — Examined or tested (someone) in the past.

မတူညီသော

ma-tu-nyi-daw — Different; not the same or identical.

ဆက်ဆံမှုပုံစံ၏

set-san-hmu-pone-san-yi — Of the pattern or style of relationship.

ဖြစ်နိုင်ချေရှိသော

hpyit-naing-cheh-shi-daw — Possible; having a chance of occurring.

ရလဒ်များကို

ya-lat-mya-go — The results or outcomes; object form.

ခန့်မှန်းရန်

khan-hman-yan — To predict or estimate; in order to forecast.

အချည်းနှီးဖြစ်သည်

a-chìn-hnì-hpyit-thì — Is futile or useless; amounts to nothing.

တစ်သက်တာတလျှောက်လုံး

ta-thet-ta-ta-shout-lone — Throughout one's entire lifetime.

ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာ

ko-khan-da — The physical body; one's bodily form.

အားနည်းချောင်းဆိုးနေသော်လည်း

ar-nì-chaung-so-neh-daw-leh — Although being physically weak and frail.

ရုပ်ပိုင်းဆိုင်ရာ

yoat-pine-hsaing-ya — Physical; relating to the body or material form.

အားနည်းချောင်းဆိုးမှုနှင့်

ar-nì-chaung-so-hmu-hnin — With weakness and frailty; alongside physical debility.

မကြာခဏ

ma-kja-hka-na — Often; frequently; many times.

ပေါင်းစပ်တတ်သော

paung-sat-tat-daw — Tending to combine or coexist together.

ပြင်းထန်သည့်

pyìn-htan-thìn — Intense or strong; of great force or power.

စိတ်ဉာဏ်အင်အားဖြင့်

seit-nyan-in-ar-hpyin — With mental strength and intellectual power.

ပြည့်စုံခဲ့သည်

pyih-zone-kheh-thì — Was complete or fully endowed in the past.

လူငယ်ဘဝသည်

lu-ngeh-ba-wa-thì — Youth; the period of being young.

တစ်ခုသော

ta-hku-daw — A certain; one particular (thing or idea).

အယူအဆအတွက်

a-yu-a-sa-a-twet — For a certain concept, idea, or belief.

စတေးခဲ့ရသည်

sa-teh-kheh-ya-thì — Had to sacrifice or pay a price.

သူသည်

thu-thì — He or she; subject marker attached.

ဖခင်၏

hpa-khìn-yi — Father's; belonging to one's father.

လုပ်ငန်းကို

loat-ngan-go — The work or enterprise; object marker attached.

ဆက်လက်ဆောင်ရွက်ရန်

set-let-saung-ywet-yan — To continue carrying out or performing work.

ဖခင်မှ

hpa-khìn-hma — From the father; source marker on 'father'.

စီမံထားသောသူဖြစ်သည်

si-man-htar-daw-thu-hpyit-thì — Was the person arranged or designated by father.

ထိုကလေးငယ်၏

hto-ka-lay-ngeh-yi — Of that young child; that child's.

ပုဂ္ဂလိကဆန်မှုသည်

poat-ga-lit-san-hmu-thì — The individuality or personal nature of someone.

အရေးမကြီးပေ

a-yeh-ma-ji-peh — Not important; of little significance.

အသက်

a-thet — Age; years of life lived.

နှစ်တွင်

hnit-dwìn — At the age of; within the year.

ဗိုလ်ချုပ်ကြီး

bo-choat-ji — General; highest military officer rank.

မိသားစုနှင့်အတူ

mi-thar-su-hnin-a-tu — Together with the family.

ပြင်သစ်တောင်ပိုင်းသို့

pyin-thit-taung-pine-thó — To the south of France.

ပြုလုပ်ခဲ့သော

pyu-loat-kheh-daw — That was made or carried out (past modifier).

ခရီးသည်

kha-yì-thì — The journey or trip; traveler.

သက်ရောက်မှုမရှိဘဲ

thet-yout-hmu-ma-shi-beh — Without effect or impact; having no influence.

မဟုတ်ပေ

ma-hote-peh — Is not (emphatic); certainly not the case.

အိမ်ဘဝ၏

ein-ba-wa-yi — Of home life; relating to domestic existence.

စာဖတ်ကြိုးစားသည့်

sa-hpat-kyo-zar-thìn — Diligent reading habits; striving to read.

အကျင့်များ

a-kyin-mya — Habits or practices; customary behaviors.

ဆက်လက်ထိန်းသိမ်းထားသော်လည်း

set-let-htein-thein-htar-daw-leh — Although continuing to maintain or preserve.

၎င်းသည်

di-jin-thì — It or this; third-person subject pronoun (formal).

နောက်ထပ်

nout-htat — Another; additionally; furthermore.

လေထု၏

leh-htu-yi — Of the atmosphere or air; the atmosphere's.

တစ်ချက်ကြည့်မှုတစ်ခု

ta-chet-kji-hmu-ta-hku — A single glance or brief look at something.

ဖြစ်ခဲ့သည်

hpyit-kheh-thì — Was or became; occurred in the past.

ထို့အပြင်

hto-a-pyìn — Furthermore; in addition to that.

ထိုခရီးမှ

hto-kha-yì-hma — From that journey or trip.

နိုင်ငံခြားရေးရာ

naing-ngan-chja-yeh-ya — Foreign affairs; matters relating to other countries.

နိုင်ငံရေးအပေါ်

naing-ngan-yeh-a-paw — Regarding or toward politics.

စိတ်ဝင်စားမှုကို

seit-win-zar-hmu-go — Interest or curiosity; object marker attached.

ရရှိခဲ့ပြီး

ya-shi-kheh-byi — Having obtained or acquired (something) already.

တစ်သက်တာ

ta-thet-ta — Lifelong; lasting for an entire lifetime.

အဆုံးတိုင်

a-zone-dine — Until the very end; to the last.

ထူးခြားချက်များထဲမှ

htu-chja-chet-mya-deh-hma — Among the distinctive or notable features.

တစ်ခုအဖြစ်

ta-hku-a-hpyit — As one of; in the capacity of one.

ဆက်လက်တည်ရှိခဲ့သည်

set-let-teh-shi-kheh-thì — Continued to exist or remain over time.

ခုနှစ်တွင်

hku-hnit-dwìn — In the year; within that particular year.

စာစစ်ဌာနတွင်

sa-sit-hta-na-dwìn — In the examinations department or office.

အငယ်တန်း

a-ngeh-dan — Junior grade or rank; lower-level position.

စာရေးတစ်ဦးအဖြစ်

sa-yeh-ta-u-a-hpyit — As a clerk or writer; in a clerical role.

ခန့်အပ်ခြင်းခံရသည်

khan-at-chìn-khan-ya-thì — Was appointed or assigned to a position.

ပထမဆုံး

pa-hta-ma-zone — First; the very first of its kind.

စာတမ်းများကို

sa-tan-mya-go — The essays or papers; object marker attached.

မဝင်မီ

ma-win-mi — Before joining or entering; prior to entry.

တစ်နှစ်ခန့်အလိုတွင်

ta-hnit-khan-a-lo-dwìn — About one year before; approximately a year prior.

တွင်

dwìn — In or at; locative particle indicating place or time.

ရေးသားခဲ့သည်

yeh-thar-kheh-thì — Wrote or authored (something) in the past.

ထိုအချိန်မှ

hto-a-chein-hma — From that time onward; since then.

စတင်၍

sa-tin-ywe — Beginning from; starting and continuing.

စာပေလုပ်ငန်းသည်

sa-peh-loat-ngan-thì — The literary work or writing career.

နာမကျန်းဖြစ်ခြင်းများမှ

na-ma-kjan-hpyit-chìn-mya-hma — Aside from illnesses; except for sicknesses.

တစ်ပါး

ta-bar — Apart from; other than; except.

မရပ်မနား

ma-yat-ma-nar — Without stopping; unceasingly; continuously.

ဆက်တိုက်ဖြစ်ခဲ့သည်

set-tite-hpyit-kheh-thì — Occurred consecutively or in unbroken succession.

ကြိုးစားအားထုတ်မှုသည်

kyo-zar-ar-htoat-hmu-thì — The effort or endeavor; diligent exertion.

အံ့သြဖွယ်ရာ

an-dho-hpweh-ya — Remarkable; worthy of wonder or amazement.

ကြီးမားလှသည်

ji-mar-hla-thì — Was great and immense; impressively large.

နိုင်ငံရေး

naing-ngan-yeh — Politics; political affairs or matters.

မေတဖစ်ဇစ်

meh-ta-pit-zit — Metaphysics; branch of philosophy beyond physics.

ဒဿနိကဗေဒ

dat-tha-na-ka-beh-da — Philosophy; the study of fundamental questions.

ဘာသာရေး

ba-tha-yeh — Religion; matters relating to faith and belief.

ကဗျာဆိုင်ရာ

ka-bya-hsaing-ya — Relating to poetry; of a poetic nature.

စသည့်

sa-thìn — And so on; et cetera; such as.

အကန့်အသတ်မရှိ

a-kan-a-thet-ma-shi — Unlimited; without boundaries or restrictions.

အကြောင်းအရာ

a-kjàung-a-ya — Subject matter or topic; content of discussion.

အမျိုးမျိုးအပေါ်

a-myo-myo-a-paw — On various kinds or types of subjects.

ဆောင်းပါးများ

saung-bar-mya — Articles or essays; written pieces on topics.

မျိုးဆက်အတွက်

myo-set-a-twet — For a generation; on behalf of the generation.

ရှာဖွေတွေ့ရှိခဲ့ပြီး

sha-hpweh-tweh-shi-kheh-byi — Having discovered or found (someone/something) already.

ပြင်သစ်တော်လှန်ရေး

pyin-thit-taw-hlan-yeh — The French Revolution; France's revolutionary period.

၏

yi — Possessive particle; of or belonging to.

ရေးသားမှုနှင့်

yeh-thar-hmu-hnin — With the writing or literary work of.

၎င်း၏

di-jin-yi — Its or their; formal possessive third-person.

အောင်မြင်မှုကိုလည်း

aung-myìn-hmu-go-leh — Also the success or achievement; object form.

သက်ရောက်မှုပေးခဲ့သည်

thet-yout-hmu-peh-kheh-thì — Had an impact or influence on something.