On Liberty — Page 4

Vocabulary

A

a — Feminine definite article: the

Liberdade

lee-behr-DAH-deh — Freedom; the state of being free

foi

foy — Was; third person singular past tense of ser

publicada

poo-blee-KAH-dah — Published; released for public distribution

pouco

POH-koo — Little; a small amount or short time

depois

deh-POYSH — After; later in time or sequence

assim

ah-SEEM — Thus; so; in this manner

como

KOH-moo — As; like; how

os

oosh — Masculine plural definite article: the

Pensamentos

pen-sah-MEN-toosh — Thoughts; ideas or reflections in the mind

sobre

SOH-breh — About; on; concerning a topic

a

ah — Feminine definite article: the

Reforma

heh-FOR-mah — Reform; improvement or change of a system

Parlamentar

pahr-lah-men-TAR — Parliamentary; relating to a parliament or legislature

e

ee — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

não

nowng — No; not; negation word

passou

pah-ZOH — Passed; went by, as in time

um

oong — One; indefinite article: a or an

ano

AH-noo — Year; a period of twelve months

sem

seng — Without; lacking something

que

keh — That; which; who; what; conjunction or pronoun

fizesse

fee-ZEH-seh — Made; did; imperfect subjunctive of fazer

contribuições

kon-tree-bwee-SOYNG-sh — Contributions; important inputs or additions to something

importantes

eem-por-TAN-tesh — Important; significant or of great relevance

as

ahsh — Feminine plural definite article: the

questões

kesh-TOYNG-sh — Questions; issues or matters under discussion

políticas

poh-LEE-tee-kahsh — Political; relating to politics or governance

filosóficas

fee-loh-ZOF-ee-kahsh — Philosophical; relating to philosophy or deep thinking

éticas

EH-tee-kahsh — Ethical; relating to morals and ethical principles

da

dah — Of the; contraction of de and a

época

EH-poh-kah — Era; a particular period of time or age

Sete

SEH-teh — Seven; the number 7

anos

AH-noosh — Years; plural of ano

após

ah-POSH — After; following in time or order

morte

MOR-teh — Death; the end of life

de

deh — Of; from; preposition indicating origin or possession

sua

SOO-ah — His; her; your; possessive pronoun

esposa

esh-POH-zah — Wife; a married woman in relation to her husband

convidado

kon-vee-DAH-doo — Invited; asked to participate or attend

disputar

deesh-poo-TAR — To contest; to compete for a position

Seu

SEH-oo — His; her; your; possessive adjective or pronoun

sentimento

sen-tee-MEN-too — Feeling; emotion or sentiment about something

conduta

kon-DOO-tah — Conduct; behavior or manner of acting

das

dahsh — Of the; contraction of de and as

eleições

eh-lay-SOYNG-sh — Elections; processes of voting to choose representatives

o

oo — Masculine definite article: the

fez

fehsh — Made; did; third person singular preterite of fazer

recusar

heh-koo-ZAR — To refuse; to decline something offered or requested

se

seh — Reflexive pronoun; himself, herself, itself, themselves

tomar

too-MAR — To take; to grasp or undertake an action

qualquer

kwahl-KEHR — Any; whichever; any one at all

ação

ah-SOWNG — Action; an act or deed performed

pessoal

peh-swAHL — Personal; relating to an individual person

no

noo — In the; contraction of em and o

assunto

ah-SOON-too — Subject; matter; topic being discussed

ele

EH-leh — He; third person masculine singular pronoun

deu

DEH-oo — Gave; third person singular preterite of dar

expressão

esh-preh-SOWNG — Expression; the act of conveying thoughts or feelings

mais

mahysh — More; greater in quantity or degree

franca

FRAN-kah — Frank; open and honest in expression

às

ahsh — To the; contraction of a and as

suas

SOO-ahsh — His; her; your; possessive pronoun plural form

opiniões

oh-pee-nee-OYNG-sh — Opinions; personal views or judgments on matters

mas

mahsh — But; however; conjunction showing contrast

ainda

ah-EEN-dah — Still; yet; even so

eleito

eh-LAY-too — Elected; chosen by vote for a position

por

por — By; for; through; preposition of various uses

uma

OO-mah — A; an; feminine indefinite article

grande

GRAN-deh — Large; great; big in size or degree

maioria

my-oh-REE-ah — Majority; more than half of a group

Ele

EH-leh — He; third person masculine singular subject pronoun

sucesso

soo-SEH-soo — Success; achievement of a desired goal or outcome

convencional

kon-ven-see-oh-NAHL — Conventional; ordinary or traditional in nature

na

nah — In the; contraction of em and a

Câmara

KAH-mah-rah — Chamber; legislative assembly or parliamentary house

orador

oh-rah-DOR — Orator; a public speaker or debater

lhe

lyeh — Him; her; you; indirect object pronoun

faltava

fahl-TAH-vah — Lacked; was missing something needed or desired

magnetismo

mahg-neh-TEEZ-moo — Magnetism; personal charisma or power of attraction

Mas

mahsh — But; however; introduces a contrasting statement

influência

een-floo-EN-see-ah — Influence; power to affect others or outcomes

amplamente

ahm-plah-MEN-teh — Widely; broadly; to a great extent

sentida

sen-TEE-dah — Felt; perceived or experienced emotionally

Em

eng — In; at; preposition indicating location or state

benefício

beh-neh-FEE-see-oo — Benefit; advantage or profit gained from something

dos

doosh — Of the; contraction of de and os

Comuns

koh-MOONSH — Commons; lower house of a parliamentary legislature

em

eng — In; at; preposition of place, time, or state

geral

zheh-RAHL — General; overall; applying broadly to all

disse

DEE-seh — Said; told; third person singular preterite of dizer

Sr.

seh-NYOR — Mr.; honorific title for a man

regozijei

heh-goh-zee-ZHAY — Rejoiced; felt great joy about something

me

meh — Me; myself; first person reflexive or object pronoun

com

kong — With; together or in company of

seu

SEH-oo — His; her; your; possessive pronoun or adjective

advento

ahd-VEN-too — Advent; arrival; the coming of something significant

lamentei

lah-men-TAY — Lamented; expressed sorrow or regret about something

desaparecimento

deh-zah-pah-reh-see-MEN-too — Disappearance; the act of vanishing or departing

bem

beng — Well; good; in a good or satisfactory manner

todos

TOH-doosh — All; everyone; every one of a group

nós

nosh — We; us; first person plural pronoun

Após

ah-POSH — After; following in time

apenas

ah-PEH-nahsh — Only; just; merely

três

trehsh — Three; the number 3

Parlamento

pahr-lah-MEN-too — Parliament; the national legislative assembly

derrotado

deh-hoh-TAH-doo — Defeated; beaten in a contest or election

nas

nahsh — In the; contraction of em and as

próximas

PROH-shee-mahsh — Next; upcoming; nearest in time or order

Eleições

eh-lay-SOYNG-sh — Elections; formal voting processes to choose officials

Gerais

zheh-RAHYSH — General; broad, applying to the whole country

pelo

PEH-loo — By the; contraction of por and o

Retirou

heh-tee-ROH — Retired; withdrew to a place for rest

para

PAH-rah — To; for; toward; preposition of direction or purpose

agradável

ah-grah-DAH-vehl — Pleasant; agreeable; pleasing to the senses

casinha

kah-ZEEN-yah — Little house; a small and cozy dwelling

onde

ON-deh — Where; in which place

felizes

feh-LEE-zesh — Happy; joyful; feeling or showing happiness

vida

VEE-dah — Life; the state of being alive

haviam

ah-VEE-ahng — Had; third person plural pluperfect of haver

sido

SEE-doo — Been; past participle of ser

passados

pah-SAH-doosh — Spent; passed; gone by, referring to time

companhia

kom-pah-NYEE-ah — Company; companionship or a group of people together

continuou

kon-tee-NWOH — Continued; kept on doing something without stopping

seus

SEH-oosh — His; her; your; masculine plural possessive pronoun

labores

lah-BOH-resh — Labors; toils; hard work or efforts

desinteressados

deh-zeen-teh-reh-SAH-doosh — Disinterested; selfless; without personal gain as motive

completou

kom-pleh-TOH — Completed; finished; brought to an end

edição

eh-dee-SOWNG — Edition; a version or issue of a published work

Análise

ah-NAH-lee-seh — Analysis; detailed examination of a subject or work

Mente

MEN-teh — Mind; the thinking and reasoning faculty

pai

pahy — Father; male parent

também

tahm-BENG — Also; too; as well; in addition

produziu

proh-doo-ZYOO — Produced; created or made something

além

ah-LENG — Beyond; besides; in addition to

trabalhos

trah-BAH-lyoosh — Works; tasks; pieces of written or creative work

menos

MEH-noosh — Less; fewer; to a smaller degree

Sujeição

soo-zhay-SOWNG — Subjection; state of being under another's control

Mulheres

moo-LYEH-resh — Women; adult female human beings

qual

kwahl — Which; what; relative or interrogative pronoun

contou

kon-TOH — Counted on; relied upon; also: told a story

cooperação

koo-oh-peh-rah-SOWNG — Cooperation; working together toward a shared goal

ativa

ah-TEE-vah — Active; engaged; taking an active role

enteada

en-teh-AH-dah — Stepdaughter; a daughter from a partner's prior relationship

Um

oong — A; one; masculine indefinite article

livro

LEE-vroo — Book; a written or printed literary work

Socialismo

soh-see-ah-LEEZ-moo — Socialism; political system of collective ownership

estava

esh-TAH-vah — Was; third person singular imperfect of estar

sendo

SEN-doo — Being; gerund of ser, indicating ongoing state

considerado

kon-see-deh-RAH-doo — Considered; thought about or taken into account

estudo

esh-TOO-doo — Study; careful examination or research of a subject

anterior

an-teh-ree-OR — Previous; earlier; coming before in time or order

Sociologia

soh-see-oh-loh-ZHEE-ah — Sociology; study of society and social behavior

nunca

NOON-kah — Never; at no time; not ever

chegou

sheh-GOH — Arrived; reached; came to a point or place

ser

sehr — To be; infinitive expressing identity or permanent state

escrito

esh-KREE-too — Written; composed and set down in writing