On Liberty — Page 12

English → Pt Preface Level 9/10

Taylor's assistance in the _Political Economy_ is confined to certain definite points.

A assistência de Taylor na _Economia Política_ está limitada a certos pontos definidos.

The purely scientific part was, we are assured, not learnt from her.

A parte puramente científica não foi, estamos assegurados, aprendida com ela.

"But it was chiefly her influence which gave to the book that general tone by which it is distinguished from all previous expositions of political economy that had any pretensions to be scientific, and which has made it so useful in conciliating minds which those previous expositions had repelled.

"Mas foi principalmente a sua influência que conferiu ao livro aquele tom geral pelo qual ele se distingue de todas as exposições anteriores de economia política que tinham qualquer pretensão de ser científicas, e que o tornou tão útil em conciliar mentes que aquelas exposições anteriores haviam repelido.

This tone consisted chiefly in making the proper distinction between the laws of the production of wealth, which are real laws of Nature, dependent on the properties of objects, and the modes of its distribution, which, subject to certain conditions, depend on human will....

Este tom consistia principalmente em estabelecer a distinção adequada entre as leis da produção da riqueza, que são leis reais da Natureza, dependentes das propriedades dos objetos, e os modos da sua distribuição, que, sujeitos a certas condições, dependem da vontade humana....

_I had indeed partially learnt this view of things from the thoughts awakened in me by the speculations of St. Simonians_; but it was made a living principle, pervading and animating the book, by my wife's promptings."[4]

_Eu havia de fato aprendido parcialmente esta visão das coisas a partir dos pensamentos despertados em mim pelas especulações dos Saint-Simonianos_; mas ela foi tornada um princípio vivo, impregnando e animando o livro, pelas sugestões de minha esposa."[4]

The part which is italicised is noticeable.

A parte que está em itálico é digna de nota.

Here, as elsewhere, Mill thinks out the matter by himself; the concrete form of the thoughts is suggested or prompted by the wife.

Aqui, como em outros lugares, Mill pensa a questão por si mesmo; a forma concreta dos pensamentos é sugerida ou estimulada pela esposa.

Apart from this "general tone," Mill tells us that there was a specific contribution.

Para além deste "tom geral", Mill nos diz que houve uma contribuição específica.

"The chapter which has had a greater influence on opinion than all the rest, that on the Probable Future of the Labouring Classes, is entirely due to her.

"O capítulo que exerceu maior influência sobre a opinião do que todos os outros, aquele sobre o Futuro Provável das Classes Trabalhadoras, deve-se inteiramente a ela.

In the first draft of the book that chapter did not exist.

No primeiro rascunho do livro, esse capítulo não existia.

Vocabulary

assistência: a-sis-TÊN-sia — Assistance, help, or support provided to someone.
_Economia Política_: e-ko-NO-mia po-LÍ-ti-ka — Political Economy; a field studying wealth and production.
está: es-TÁ — Third-person singular present of 'estar', meaning 'is'.
limitada: li-mi-TA-da — Limited, restricted, confined to certain boundaries.
certos: SER-tos — Certain, specific, particular items or points.
pontos: PON-tos — Points, topics, or specific matters under discussion.
definidos: de-fi-NI-dos — Defined, clearly established or specified in detail.
parte: PAR-te — Part, portion, or section of a whole.
puramente: pu-ra-MEN-te — Purely, in a completely pure or unmixed manner.
científica: si-en-TÍ-fi-ka — Scientific, relating to or based on science.
foi: foi — Third-person singular past tense of 'ser/ir', meaning 'was/went'.
estamos: es-TA-mos — First-person plural of 'estar', meaning 'we are'.
assegurados: a-se-gu-RA-dos — Assured, guaranteed, made certain of something.
aprendida: a-pren-DI-da — Learned, acquired through study or experience.
principalmente: prin-si-pal-MEN-te — Mainly, chiefly, above all other things.
influência: in-flu-ÊN-sia — Influence, effect or power over someone or something.
conferiu: kon-fe-RI-u — Conferred, granted, or bestowed something upon someone.
livro: LI-vro — Book, a written or printed literary publication.
aquele: a-KE-le — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' referring to distant thing.
tom: ton — Tone, general character or quality of expression.
geral: je-RAL — General, relating to the whole rather than specifics.
qual: kwal — Relative pronoun meaning 'which' or 'who'.
distingue: dis-TIN-ge — Distinguishes, sets apart or differentiates from others.
todas: TO-das — All, every one of a feminine plural group.
exposições: ex-po-zi-SÕIS — Expositions, presentations or explanations of a subject.
anteriores: an-te-ri-O-res — Previous, earlier, occurring before something else.
economia política: e-ko-NO-mia po-LÍ-ti-ka — Political economy, study of wealth and societal production.
tinham: TI-nyam — Third-person plural imperfect of 'ter', meaning 'they had'.
qualquer: kwal-KER — Any, whichever, no matter which one.
pretensão: pre-ten-SÃW — Pretension, claim or aspiration to something.
ser: ser — To be; infinitive of the permanent state verb.
científicas: si-en-TÍ-fi-kas — Scientific, relating to science; feminine plural form.
tornou: tor-NO-u — Made, turned into; third-person singular past of 'tornar'.
tão: tãw — So, such, to such a degree or extent.
útil: Ú-til — Useful, practical, serving a helpful purpose.
conciliar: kon-si-li-AR — To reconcile, bring into agreement or harmony.
mentes: MEN-tes — Minds, the intellectual or thinking faculties of people.
aquelas: a-KE-las — Feminine demonstrative pronoun meaning 'those'.
haviam: A-vi-am — Third-person plural pluperfect of 'haver', meaning 'they had'.
repelido: re-pe-LI-do — Repelled, rejected or driven away something unpleasant.
Este: ES-te — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this', referring to nearby thing.
consistia: kon-sis-TI-a — Consisted, was composed of; imperfect tense of 'consistir'.
estabelecer: es-ta-be-le-SER — To establish, set up or create something firmly.
distinção: dis-tin-SÃW — Distinction, difference or differentiation between two things.
adequada: a-de-KWA-da — Adequate, appropriate, sufficient for a particular purpose.
entre: EN-tre — Preposition meaning 'between' or 'among'.
leis: leis — Laws, rules or principles governing behavior or nature.
produção: pro-du-SÃW — Production, the process of creating goods or wealth.
riqueza: ri-KE-za — Wealth, richness, abundance of valuable resources or money.
são: sãw — Third-person plural present of 'ser', meaning 'they are'.
reais: re-AIS — Real, actual, true; plural of 'real'.
Natureza: na-tu-RE-za — Nature, the natural world and its inherent laws.
dependentes: de-pen-DEN-tes — Dependent, relying on something else for existence.
propriedades: pro-pri-e-DA-des — Properties, characteristics or attributes of objects or things.
objetos: ob-JE-tos — Objects, physical things or items that can be observed.
modos: MO-dos — Modes, ways, or manners of doing something.
distribuição: dis-tri-bwi-SÃW — Distribution, the act of spreading or allocating resources.
sujeitos: su-JEI-tos — Subject to, dependent on; also means 'subjects' or 'individuals'.
certas: SER-tas — Certain, specific; feminine plural form of 'certo'.
condições: kon-di-SÕIS — Conditions, circumstances or requirements for something.
dependem: de-PEN-dem — Depend, rely on; third-person plural of 'depender'.
vontade: von-TA-de — Will, desire, or wish of a human being.
humana: u-MA-na — Human, relating to or characteristic of humanity.
havia: A-vi-a — First/third-person singular imperfect of 'haver', meaning 'had'.
fato: FA-to — Fact, something known or proven to be true.
aprendido: a-pren-DI-do — Learned, acquired knowledge through study or experience.
parcialmente: par-si-al-MEN-te — Partially, in part, not completely or fully.
esta: ES-ta — Feminine demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this'.
visão: vi-ZÃW — Vision, view, or perspective on a matter.
coisas: KOI-zas — Things, objects or matters of any kind.
partir: par-TIR — To depart; also used in 'a partir de' meaning 'from'.
pensamentos: pen-sa-MEN-tos — Thoughts, ideas formed in the mind.
despertados: des-per-TA-dos — Awakened, stirred up or provoked in someone.
mim: mim — First-person singular object pronoun meaning 'me'.
especulações: es-pe-ku-la-SÕIS — Speculations, theories or conjectures about uncertain matters.
tornada: tor-NA-da — Made into, turned into; feminine past participle of 'tornar'.
princípio: prin-SÍ-pi-o — Principle, fundamental rule or guiding belief.
vivo: VI-vo — Living, alive, vibrant; used here as 'living principle'.
impregnando: im-preg-NAN-do — Impregnating, permeating or thoroughly infusing something.
animando: a-ni-MAN-do — Animating, giving life or energy to something.
sugestões: su-jes-TÕIS — Suggestions, ideas or proposals offered for consideration.
minha: MI-nya — Possessive pronoun meaning 'my' (feminine form).
esposa: es-PO-za — Wife, a female spouse in a marriage.
itálico: i-TÁ-li-ko — Italic, slanted typeface used for emphasis in text.
digna: DIG-na — Worthy, deserving of notice or attention.
nota: NO-ta — Note, worthy of attention; also means a written note.
Aqui: a-KI — Here, in this place or at this point.
como: KO-mo — As, like, how; used for comparison or manner.
outros: OU-tros — Others, different ones; masculine plural of 'outro'.
lugares: lu-GA-res — Places, locations or spots in a general sense.
pensa: PEN-sa — Thinks, considers; third-person singular of 'pensar'.
questão: kes-TÃW — Question, issue or matter under debate or discussion.
por: por — Preposition meaning 'by', 'for', or 'through'.
si: si — Reflexive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself'.
mesmo: MES-mo — Same, self, or even; used for emphasis or identity.
forma: FOR-ma — Form, shape, or concrete manner of something.
concreta: kon-KRE-ta — Concrete, specific and tangible rather than abstract.
sugerida: su-je-RI-da — Suggested, proposed or indicated by someone.
estimulada: es-ti-mu-LA-da — Stimulated, encouraged or prompted into action.
além: a-LEM — Beyond, further than; used in 'além disto' meaning 'beyond this'.
deste: DES-te — Contraction of 'de' and 'este', meaning 'of this'.
diz: dis — Says, tells; third-person singular present of 'dizer'.
houve: O-ve — There was; third-person singular preterite of 'haver'.
contribuição: kon-tri-bwi-SÃW — Contribution, something given to help achieve a result.
específica: es-pe-SÍ-fi-ka — Specific, particular, relating to a definite thing.
capítulo: ka-PÍ-tu-lo — Chapter, a main division or section of a book.
exerceu: e-zer-SE-u — Exerted, exercised; third-person singular past of 'exercer'.
maior: ma-IOR — Greater, larger, biggest; comparative of 'grande'.
sobre: SO-bre — About, on, over; preposition indicating subject or position.
opinião: o-pi-ni-ÃW — Opinion, personal view or judgment about something.
todos: TO-dos — All, everyone; masculine plural of 'todo'.
Futuro: fu-TU-ro — Future, relating to a time that has not yet come.
Provável: pro-VÁ-vel — Probable, likely to happen or be true.
Classes: KLA-ses — Classes, social or economic groups within society.
Trabalhadoras: tra-ba-lya-DO-ras — Working, laboring; refers to working classes or women workers.
deve-se: DE-ve se — Is owed to, is due to; reflexive form indicating attribution.
inteiramente: in-tei-ra-MEN-te — Entirely, completely, wholly without exception.
primeiro: pri-MEI-ro — First, the one that comes before all others.
rascunho: ras-KU-nyo — Draft, a rough preliminary version of a text.
esse: E-se — Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' (near the listener).
existia: e-zis-TI-a — Existed, was present; imperfect tense of 'existir'.

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