On the Method of Zadig: Essay #1 from "Science and Hebrew Tradition" — Page 9

Vocabulary

လူသားသဘာဝဥာဏ်

lu-tha: thaba-wa nya' — Human natural intelligence or innate human wisdom

၏

i — Possessive or linking particle in Burmese grammar

မာနတင်းမာမှု

ma-na tin:-ma hmu — Arrogance; the state of being proud and stubborn

ကြောင့်

kyaung' — Because of; due to; a causal particle

သူသည်

thu. thi — He/she; third-person subject pronoun with topic marker

မာဂျီပညာရပ်

ma-ji pyin-nya-ya' — The field or discipline of magic or occult study

တည်ထောင်ထားသော

ti'-htaung hta: thau — Established; founded; having been set up formally

ကျမ်းဂန်

kyam:-gan — Sacred scriptures; canonical religious or authoritative texts

များကို

mya: go — Plural object marker; referring to multiple things or people

လျစ်လျူရှု

lyi'-lyu shu — To ignore; to disregard; to overlook deliberately

ခဲ့သည်

khè thi — Past tense marker indicating a completed action

နောက်ဆုံး

nau' soún: — Last; final; ultimately; at the end

တွင်

twìn — In; at; within; a locative particle

ကြမ်းတမ်းသော

kyam: tam: thau — Rough; harsh; crude; unrefined in manner or quality

သာမန်

tha-man — Ordinary; common; average; nothing special

အဆင့်

a-hsin' — Level; rank; grade; stage of development

ဉာဏ်

nyán — Intelligence; wisdom; mental faculty or understanding

မျှသာ

hmya: tha — Only; merely; just; nothing more than

ဖြစ်သည့်

hpyi' thi' — Which is; that is; being; a relativizing verb form

အရာကို

a-ya go — The thing; the matter; object marker for a thing

ယုံကြည်

youn kyi — To believe; to trust; to have faith in something

ကိုးစားကာ

ko: za: ka — Relying on; depending on; trusting and leaning upon

မာဂျီ

ma-ji — Magic; occult practice; supernatural or mystical power

ဥာဏ်ပညာ

nyán pyin-nya — Wisdom and knowledge; intellectual understanding and learning

အရာ

a-ya — Thing; matter; subject; an object or affair

အားလုံးကို

a:-loún go — All; everything; every single thing (object form)

မြင့်မြတ်စွာ

myin' mya' swa — Nobly; loftily; in an exalted or superior manner

ဆန့်ကျင်သည့်

hsán kyin thi' — Opposing; contrary to; going against something

သဘောသဘာဝ

thabau thaba-wa — Nature; natural character; innate quality or disposition

နှင့်ပင်

hnin' pin — Even with; and even; also with emphasis

မရောက်ဖူးသော

ma-yau' hpu: thau — Never having reached; places or states never attained

သဘာဝတရား

thaba-wa ta-ya: — Natural law; the law or principle of nature

အကြောင်း

a-kyaung: — Reason; cause; subject matter; about something

ပိုမို

po: mo — More; even more; to a greater degree

နက်ရှိုင်းသော

ne' shoín: thau — Deep; profound; having great depth or complexity

ဉာဏ်ပညာ

nyán pyin-nya — Wisdom and knowledge; deep intellectual understanding

ဆီသို့

hsi tho' — Toward; in the direction of; leading to something

လူများကို

lu mya: go — People; multiple persons as the object of an action

ဦးဆောင်

ú-hsaung — To lead; to guide; to head a group or movement

မည်ဟု

mi htu — Quotative particle indicating a reported future statement

ဝန်ခံ

wùn khan — To admit; to confess; to acknowledge openly

ကြေညာ

kye-nya — To announce; to declare; to proclaim publicly

တကယ်တမ်း

ta-ke' tam: — Truly; genuinely; in actual reality or earnestness

ဇာဒစ်

za-di' — Zodiac; astrological sign; celestial or horoscope system

အငြင်းပွားချက်

a-hnin: pwa: che' — Dispute; controversy; a point of contention or argument

အားလုံး

a:-loún — All; everyone; everything; the entirety of something

အခြေခံ

a-chhe khan — Foundation; basis; fundamental principle or base

၌

hnyi' — At; in; within; a locative postpositional particle

ရှိနေသည်မှာ

shi ne thi hma — The fact that something exists; existing in a state

ကျွန်ုပ်တို့

kjanu' to' — We; us; first-person plural formal pronoun

နေ့စဉ်ဘဝ

ne' hsin' ba-wa — Daily life; everyday existence and routine living

လှုပ်ရှားမှု

hlyou' sha: hmu — Movement; activity; motion or dynamic action

တိုင်း

tain: — Every; each; all instances of; without exception

အခြေပြုသည့်

a-chhe pyu thi' — Based on; founded upon; having as its foundation

ယူဆချက်

yu-hsa che' — Assumption; presumption; a held opinion or belief

မဟုတ်လော

ma-hou' lau — Is it not so? Rhetorical question expecting agreement

ထို

hto — That; those; a demonstrative pronoun pointing outward

အကျိုးဆက်

a-kyo' hse' — Consequence; result; effect following from a cause

ကို

go — Object marker particle; indicating the direct object

ဖြစ်ပေါ်စေနိုင်သော

hpyi' pau: se nain thau — Capable of causing or producing; able to bring about

အကြောင်းတရား

a-kyaung: ta-ya: — Cause; reason; causal principle or underlying rationale

တစ်ခု

ti' khu — One thing; a single item or instance of something

ကြိုတင်

kyo tin — In advance; beforehand; prior to something happening

ရှိနေမှု

shi ne hmu — Existence; the state of being present or existing

တစ်ရပ်

ti' ya' — One matter; a single case or established thing

မှ

hma — From; out of; a source or ablative particle

နိဂုံးချုပ်

ni-goún chyou' — Conclusion; summary; final wrap-up of a matter

နိုင်သည်

nain thi — Can; is able to; has the ability to do

ဟူသော

hu thau — Called; known as; so-called; a definitional particle

ထိုအတိုင်းပင်

hto a-tain: pin — Exactly as that; just the same way; likewise

ခြေရာ

chhe-ya — Footprint; track; trace left by a foot or step

များသည်

mya: thi — Are many; there are numerous; plural existence verb

ခွေး

khwe: — Dog; domestic canine animal

နှင့်

hnin' — And; with; together with; a conjunctive particle

မြင်း

myin: — Horse; a large domesticated hoofed animal

တို့

to' — Plural marker; indicates a group of people or things

ချန်ထားသော

chan hta: thau — Left behind; omitted; set aside deliberately

များနှင့်

mya: hnin' — With many; together with multiple things or people

အတိအကျ

a-ti' a-kja — Exactly; precisely; with complete accuracy

တူညီသည်

tu nyi thi — Is the same; is identical; matches exactly

ထို့ကြောင့်

hto' kyaung' — Therefore; for that reason; consequently

၎င်းတို့သည်

di-ji to' thi — They; those ones; third-person plural subject formal

ထိုသို့သော

hto. hto thau — Such; of that kind; like that; of that sort

တိရစ္ဆာန်

ti-yi'-hsan — Animal; creature; a non-human living being

များ

mya: — Many; plural marker for nouns; multiple items

အကြောင်းရင်း

a-kyaung: yin: — Root cause; underlying reason; original source of something

အဖြစ်

a-hpyi' — As; in the role of; becoming; as a state of being

ဖြစ်ပေါ်လာသော

That which has arisen; come into being or existence

ဖြစ်သည်

hpyi' thi — Is; exists as; a copular verb meaning 'to be'

ရှေ့

she' — Front; ahead; forward; the area in front

နံဘေး

nan be: — Side; flank; area beside or alongside something

ရှိ

shi — Existing at; located at; present in a place

အမှတ်အသား

a-hma' a-tha: — Mark; sign; distinguishing feature or identifying marker

ရှည်လျားသော

shi lya: thau — Long; elongated; extended in length or duration

ကြားရင်း

kya: yin: — While hearing; in the midst of listening to something

ဆွဲသွားသည့်

hswe: thwa: thi' — That which pulls or drags away; drawing something along

နားရွက်

na: ywe' — Ear; the organ of hearing on the head

ဖြစ်ပေါ်မည့်

hpyi' pau: mi' — That which will occur; future things coming into being

အရာများနှင့်

a-ya mya: hnin' — With things; together with multiple objects or matters

တူသည်

tu thi — Is similar; resembles; is alike or comparable to

ရှည်မြောင်းသော

shi myaung: thau — Very long; elongated; stretched out at great length

ဤ

i — This; a demonstrative pronoun indicating something nearby

ဆက်လက်

hse' le' — To continue; to proceed further; ongoing action

၍လည်း

ywe' lé: — And also; furthermore; additionally in sequence

ထိုနည်းပင်

hto ne: pin — In that same way; likewise; similarly to that

စိတ်နှလုံး

sei' hna-loún: — Heart and mind; one's inner emotional and mental being

နှစ်သိမ့်

hnyi' thein' — To comfort; to console; to soothe someone's feelings

ပျော်ရွှင်စေသည့်

pyau ywin se thi' — That which causes happiness; making someone feel joyful

မမြင်နိုင်သော

ma myin nain thau — Invisible; that which cannot be seen or perceived

ဆင်ခြင်မှု

hsin chin hmu — Reflection; careful consideration; thoughtful examination of something

များမှ

mya: hma — From many; from multiple sources or things

ကြီးကျယ်ခမ်းနားစွာ

kyi: kje' khan na: swa — Grandly; magnificently; in an impressive and grand manner

နားမလည်နိုင်သော

na: ma-le nain thau — Incomprehensible; impossible to understand or make sense of

နိဂုံးချုပ်ချက်

ni-goún chyou' che' — Conclusion; a concluded finding or final summarizing point

ကြီးကျယ်ခမ်းနားသော

kyi: kje' khan na: thau — Grand; magnificent; impressively large or splendid in scale

စနစ်

sa-ni' — System; organized method or structured arrangement

ဖွံ့ဖြိုးတိုးတက်မှု

hpoun hpyo: to: te' hmu — Development; progress; growth and advancement in a field

မတူသောအောင်

ma tu thau aung — So as to be different; in order not to be the same

ရိုင်းစိုင်း

yaing: saing: — Rude; uncivilized; crude or barbaric in behavior

ချေ့မဲ့ဆုံး

chhe' mè' soún: — Most despicable; lowest; most contemptible or degraded

ဟု

htu — Quotative particle; indicating reported speech or thought

မည်သည့်

mi thi' — Which; whichever; any particular thing or person

အရာကမျှ

a-ya ga hmya: — Nothing at all; not a single thing whatsoever

မဟုတ်နိုင်ပါ

ma-hou' nain pa — Cannot be; it is not possible to be so

နည်းလမ်း

ne: lan: — Method; way; approach or technique for doing something

သည်

thi — Topic marker particle indicating subject of a sentence

လူသား

lu-tha: — Human being; a person; mankind or humankind

တစ်ပါး

ti' pa: — Another; one other; a different person or thing

အခြား

a-chha: — Other; another; different; something else entirely

ဘာမျှ

ba hmya: — Nothing at all; not anything; zero of something

မဟုတ်ပေ

ma-hou' pe — Is not; certainly not; a negating assertive particle

ဟောကိန်း

hau kin: — Prophecy; prediction; a forecast or prophetic statement

ထက်

hte' — Than; more than; a comparative particle

အသေးစိတ်

a-thwe: sei' — Detail; specifics; fine or minute particulars of something

တိကျမှု

ti' kja hmu — Accuracy; precision; exactness in description or action

အများကြီး

a-mya: ji: — A great deal; very much; a large amount of something

ထူးဆန်းသော

htu: hsan: thau — Strange; unusual; remarkable; out of the ordinary

နောက်ပြန်ကြည့်

nau' pyan kyi' — To look back; to review retrospectively; hindsight

အမြဲ

a-mje — Always; constantly; at all times without exception

သွားလာ

thwa: la — To come and go; to travel; movement back and forth

နေထိုင်သော

ne htoung thau — Living; residing; dwelling in a particular place

လူများ

lu mya: — People; many persons; a group of human beings

ကြည့်ရှု

kyi' shu — To observe; to look at; to view attentively

လေ့လာသူ

le' la thu — Learner; student; one who studies or investigates

အား

a: — To; for; toward; an indirect object or dative particle

ရင်းနှီးကျွမ်းဝင်သော

yin: hni: kjun win thau — Familiar with; well-acquainted; having intimate knowledge of

အရာများ

a-ya mya: — Things; multiple objects or matters; various items