Plays of Sophocles: Oedipus the King; Oedipus at Colonus; Antigone — Page 11

Vocabulary

Và

Và — Conjunction meaning 'and', connecting words or clauses.

giờ

giờ — Hour; also used to mean 'now' or 'currently'.

đây

đây — Here; this place or this moment.

khi

khi — When; a conjunction indicating time.

ta

ta — I, we; a formal or archaic first-person pronoun.

là

là — To be; the main copula verb in Vietnamese.

chúa

chúa — Lord, master, or God; a title of authority.

tể

tể — Chief minister; used in compound titles of supreme rulers.

Kế

Kế — To succeed or inherit; next in sequence.

thừa

thừa — To inherit or succeed to a position or property.

ngai

ngai — Throne; the royal seat of a monarch.

vàng

vàng — Gold; also used to describe royal or precious things.

giường

giường — Bed; furniture used for sleeping.

chiếu

chiếu — Mat used for sleeping; a royal decree or edict.

và

và — And; conjunction linking words or phrases together.

vợ

vợ — Wife; a man's female spouse.

của

của — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Vietnamese.

ông

ông — He, him, grandfather; respectful term for older men.

nếu

nếu — If; introduces a conditional clause or hypothesis.

không

không — No, not; negation word in Vietnamese.

bị

bị — To suffer or undergo something undesirable; passive marker.

thất

thất — To lose or fail; prefix indicating failure or loss.

vọng

vọng — Hope, expectation; to long for or anticipate.

trong

trong — In, inside, within; a common preposition in Vietnamese.

hy

hy — Hope; used in compound words like hy vọng (hope).

Có

Có — To have; indicates existence or possession.

con

con — Child; also a classifier for animals and small objects.

nối

nối — To continue, connect, or carry on a lineage.

dõi

dõi — Lineage, descent; to follow or trace ancestry.

những

những — Plural marker for nouns; those, these (plural).

đứa

đứa — Classifier for children or individuals (informal/sometimes derogatory).

trẻ

trẻ — Young; child or young person.

chung

chung — Common, shared, together; belonging to all parties.

một

một — One; the number one or a single unit.

bào

bào — Womb; used in compounds relating to birth or siblings.

thai

thai — Fetus, embryo; relating to pregnancy or gestation.

Đã

Đã — Past tense marker; indicates a completed action.

buộc

buộc — To tie, bind, or compel someone to do something.

chặt

chặt — Tight, firmly; to bind or cut tightly.

hơn

hơn — More than; comparative marker in Vietnamese.

mối

mối — Bond, relationship, or tie between people or things.

ràng

ràng — To bind or restrain; used in ràng buộc (obligation).

giữa

giữa — Between, among, in the middle of.

Nhưng

Nhưng — But; conjunction indicating contrast or exception.

Số

Số — Number; fate or destiny in literary contexts.

phận

phận — Fate, lot, destiny assigned to a person.

đã

đã — Past tense marker indicating a completed action.

giáng

giáng — To descend, strike down, or inflict upon someone.

xuống

xuống — Down, downward; directional word indicating descent.

vì

vì — Because, for the sake of; causal conjunction.

vậy

vậy — So, therefore, thus; used for conclusion or result.

Người

Người — Person, people; human being or individual.

báo

báo — To report, announce; also newspaper or avenger.

thù

thù — Vengeance, hatred; an enemy or grudge.

huyết

huyết — Blood; used in literary or medical compounds.

thống

thống — Lineage, bloodline; to unite or control.

sẽ

sẽ — Will; future tense marker in Vietnamese.

duy

duy — Only, solely; to maintain or preserve something.

trì

trì — To maintain, uphold, or sustain over time.

sự

sự — Nominalizer turning verbs/adjectives into abstract nouns.

nghiệp

nghiệp — Career, work, legacy; also karma in Buddhist context.

Như

Như — Like, as; a comparison conjunction in Vietnamese.

thể

thể — As if, like; body or form in other contexts.

cha

cha — Father; a term for one's male parent.

để

To leave, let, or place something somewhere.

sót

sót — To leave behind, overlook, or miss something.

nào

nào — Any, which; interrogative or indefinite pronoun.

Chưa

Chưa — Not yet; indicates an action not yet completed.

được

được — To be able to; indicates permission or achievement.

lật

lật — To turn over, flip, or overturn something.

lên

lên — Up, upward; directional complement indicating upward movement.

truy

truy — To pursue, chase, or investigate thoroughly.

tìm

tìm — To search for, look for, or seek out.

kẻ

kẻ — Person (often with negative connotation); a certain individual.

ám

ám — To haunt, shadow; used in ám sát (assassinate).

sát

sát — To kill; used in ám sát (assassination) or murder.

hoặc

hoặc — Or; a disjunctive conjunction presenting alternatives.

Con

Con — Child, son; classifier for children and animals.

trai

trai — Male, son; referring to a boy or young man.

Của

Của — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Vietnamese.

người

người — Person, people; human being or individual.

đầu

đầu — Head; first, beginning of something.

tiên

tiên — First; fairy or immortal being in Vietnamese culture.

dòng

dòng — Line, stream; lineage or family line.

tộc

tộc — Clan, tribe, or ethnic group; family lineage.

đối

đối — Toward, against; facing or in opposition to.

với

với — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or relation.

bất

bất — Not, un-; negative prefix in Sino-Vietnamese words.

tuân

tuân — To obey, comply with rules or orders.

cầu

cầu — To pray, request; bridge in other contexts.

nguyện

nguyện — To wish, vow, or pray for something earnestly.

như

như — Like, as; comparison conjunction in Vietnamese.

vầy

vầy — Like this, such as this; similar to thế này.

Mong

Mong — To hope, wish, or desire earnestly for something.

các

các — Plural marker for people or things; various, all.

thần

thần — God, spirit, deity; divine supernatural being.

linh

linh — Spirit, divine; sacred or supernatural in nature.

chẳng

chẳng — Not, never; negative adverb with emphatic tone.

ban

ban — To grant, bestow, or give as a gift.

cho

cho — To give, for; benefactive preposition in Vietnamese.

họ

họ — They, them; third-person plural pronoun.

hoa

hoa — Flower; also used in compound words for fruit.

trái

trái — Fruit; opposite side; wrong in some contexts.

đúng

đúng — Correct, right, exactly; on time or accurate.

mùa

mùa — Season; agricultural season or time of year.

đất

đất — Earth, land, soil; the ground or territory.

đai

đai — Belt, strap; used in đất đai meaning land/territory.

cũng

cũng — Also, too, as well; inclusive adverb in Vietnamese.

cái

cái — Classifier for objects; thing or female (in some compounds).

sinh

sinh — To be born, to live; life or birth.

sôi

sôi — To boil; used in sinh sôi meaning to multiply/proliferate.

nảy

nảy — To sprout, spring up; to multiply or grow quickly.

nở

nở — To bloom, blossom; to flourish or multiply.

Mà

Mà — But, yet; conjunction indicating contrast or condition.

hãy

hãy — Imperative marker; let, should, or please do something.

héo

héo — Wilted, withered; describes dying plants or weak people.

mòn

mòn — To wear away, erode; wasting away gradually over time.

đang

đang — Present tense marker; currently doing an action.

Vâng

Vâng — Yes; a respectful affirmative response in Vietnamese.

còn

còn — Still, yet, also; indicating continuation or addition.

đánh

đánh — To hit, strike, beat; to fight or play (instrument).

đau

đau — Pain, painful; to hurt or feel physical/emotional pain.

nữa

nữa — More, again, anymore; indicates continuation or addition.

nhưng

nhưng — But; conjunction indicating contrast between clauses.

tất

tất — All, every; used in tất cả meaning everything/everyone.

cả

cả — All, entire; used in tất cả meaning all/everything.

ngươi

ngươi — You; second-person pronoun, often archaic or condescending.

Những

Những — Plural marker; those, these referring to multiple things.

dân

dân — People, citizens, population of a nation or community.

trung

trung — Loyal, faithful; middle or central in other contexts.

thành

thành — Loyal, sincere; city or to become in other contexts.

tán

tán — To agree, approve; to scatter or disperse.

đồng

đồng — To agree, same; copper or field in other contexts.

hành

hành — To act, perform; action or conduct.

động

động — To move, action; dynamic or active.

Công

Công — Justice, merit, public; fair or righteous conduct.

lý

lý — Reason, logic, justice; principle or rationale.

minh

minh — Bright, wise, clear; enlightened or just ruler.

chúng

chúng — We, us, they; plural pronoun for a group.

Hãy

Hãy — Imperative marker; let or please do something.

ân

ân — Grace, favor, kindness; benevolence from a superior.

huệ

huệ — Favor, grace; benevolence or blessing bestowed upon someone.

luôn

luôn — Always, constantly; indicates habitual or continuous action.

phù

phù — To protect, support, assist; to float in other contexts.

hộ

hộ — To protect, guard; household or family unit.

mãi

mãi — Forever, always; continuously or permanently.

ĐOÀN

ĐOÀN — Group, troupe; a collective organization or ensemble.

Lời

Lời — Words, speech; what someone says or promises.

thề

thề — Oath, vow; to swear or make a solemn promise.

mà

mà — But, that; conjunction or relative pronoun in Vietnamese.

bệ

bệ — Pedestal, base; used in bệ hạ (Your Majesty).

hạ

hạ — Majesty; below or to lower; used in royal address.

đưa

đưa — To give, hand over, or put forward something.

ra

ra — Out, outward; directional particle indicating outward movement.

xin

xin — To request, ask politely; please (polite particle).

chấp

chấp — To accept, acknowledge; to comply with or approve.

nhận

nhận — To receive, accept, or acknowledge something.

Thần

Thần — I (humble self-reference for subject before royalty); deity.

tự

tự — Self, oneself; by oneself without outside help.

tay

tay — Hand; arm or a person skilled at something.

giết

giết — To kill, slay; to cause death of a living being.

ấy

ấy — That, those; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant.

nêu

nêu — To name, mention, raise up; to state or cite.

tên

tên — Name; also a classifier for people (sometimes derogatory).

Kẻ

Kẻ — Person (often negative connotation); a certain individual.

Về

Về — About, regarding; to return home or go back.

cuộc

cuộc — Classifier for events, matches, or ongoing activities.

nghĩ

nghĩ — To think, believe, or consider something in one's mind.

rằng

rằng — That; a conjunction introducing reported speech or thought.

tốt

tốt — Good, fine, well; positive quality or condition.

Là

Là — To be; copula verb linking subject and predicate.

đặt

đặt — To place, set, or pose a question or task.

câu

câu — Sentence, question; classifier for sentences or riddles.

đố

đố — Riddle, puzzle; to challenge someone with a question.

chính

chính — Main, correct, official; the very or exactly.

Nên

Nên — Should, so, therefore; indicating obligation or result.

trả

trả — To return, pay back, or answer something owed.

lời

lời — Words, speech, answer; to respond to something said.

ai

ai — Who; interrogative pronoun asking about a person.

Lý

Lý — Reason, logic; argument or rationale for a position.

lẽ

lẽ — Reason, sense; lý lẽ means reasoning or argument.

hay

hay — Or; also means interesting/good or often/frequently.

sống

sống — To live, alive; life or raw (uncooked).

có

có — To have, there is; indicates existence or possession.

Bắt

Bắt — To force, compel, catch; to make someone do something.

ép

ép — To pressure, force, or coerce someone into something.

nói

nói — To speak, say, tell; verbal communication.

điều

điều — Thing, matter, point; a specific thing or subject.

ý

ý — Meaning, intention, mind; what one means or intends.

muốn

muốn — To want, wish, desire something.

Vậy

Vậy — So, therefore, thus; indicates conclusion or consequence.

nhất

nhất — Most, best; superlative marker in Vietnamese.

tiếp

tiếp — Next, to continue; to receive or follow in sequence.

theo

theo — To follow, according to; in pursuit or accordance with.

Được

Được — Okay, alright; to be able to or to receive.

thứ

thứ — Order, rank; used for ordinal numbers (thứ ba = third).

ba

ba — Three; the number three or father (informal).

đi

đi — Go; imperative particle urging action; to walk or travel.