Second Treatise of Government — Page 2
1764 EDITOR'S NOTE The present Edition of this Book has not only been collated with the first three Editions, which were published during the Author's Life, but also has the Advantage of his last Corrections and Improvements, from a Copy delivered by him to Mr. Peter Coste, communicated to the Editor, and now lodged in Christ College, Cambridge.
NOTE DE L'ÉDITEUR 1764 La présente Édition de ce Livre n'a pas seulement été collationnée avec les trois premières Éditions, qui furent publiées du vivant de l'Auteur, mais elle a également l'avantage de ses dernières Corrections et Améliorations, tirées d'une Copie qu'il remit à M. Peter Coste, communiquée à l'Éditeur, et désormais déposée au Christ College de Cambridge.
PREFACE
PRÉFACE
Reader, thou hast here the beginning and end of a discourse concerning government; what fate has otherwise disposed of the papers that should have filled up the middle, and were more than all the rest, it is not worth while to tell thee.
Lecteur, tu as ici le début et la fin d'un discours sur le gouvernement ; ce que le sort a fait par ailleurs des papiers qui auraient dû remplir le milieu, et qui étaient plus nombreux que tout le reste, il ne vaut pas la peine de te le dire.
These, which remain, I hope are sufficient to establish the throne of our great restorer, our present King William; to make good his title, in the consent of the people, which being the only one of all lawful governments, he has more fully and clearly, than any prince in Christendom; and to justify to the world the people of England, whose love of their just and natural rights, with their resolution to preserve them, saved the nation when it was on the very brink of slavery and ruin.
Ceux-ci, qui demeurent, sont, je l'espère, suffisants pour affermir le trône de notre grand restaurateur, notre présent Roi Guillaume ; pour légitimer son titre, dans le consentement du peuple, qui étant le seul fondement de tout gouvernement légitime, il le possède plus pleinement et plus clairement qu'aucun prince de la Chrétienté ; et pour justifier aux yeux du monde le peuple d'Angleterre, dont l'amour de ses droits justes et naturels, joint à sa résolution de les préserver, a sauvé la nation alors qu'elle était au bord même de l'esclavage et de la ruine.
Vocabulary
- NOTE
- A written remark or annotation providing information
- DE
- Preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'
- L'
- Contracted definite article 'the' before vowel
- ÉDITEUR
- Editor or publisher of a text or book
- La
- Feminine definite article meaning 'the'
- présente
- Current or present, referring to this edition
- Édition
- A published version or printing of a book
- de
- Preposition meaning 'of' or 'from'
- ce
- Demonstrative adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'
- Livre
- A book or written literary work
- n'
- Negation particle 'ne' contracted before vowel
- a
- Third-person singular form of verb 'avoir' (to have)
- pas
- Negation word meaning 'not'
- seulement
- Adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely'
- été
- Past participle of 'être', meaning 'been'
- avec
- Preposition meaning 'with'
- les
- Plural definite article meaning 'the'
- trois
- The number three
- premières
- Feminine plural of 'first', earliest in order
- Éditions
- Plural of edition; multiple published versions
- qui
- Relative or interrogative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which'
- furent
- Third-person plural simple past of 'être' (to be)
- publiées
- Published; made available to the public
- du
- Contracted article meaning 'of the' (masculine)
- vivant
- Lifetime; while someone was still alive
- l'
- Contracted definite article 'the' before vowel
- Auteur
- The author or writer of a work
- mais
- Conjunction meaning 'but'
- elle
- Third-person feminine pronoun meaning 'she' or 'it'
- également
- Adverb meaning 'also' or 'equally'
- avantage
- Benefit or advantage; here used as a verb benefiting
- ses
- Possessive adjective meaning 'his', 'her', or 'its'
- dernières
- Feminine plural of 'last' or 'most recent'
- Corrections
- Plural of correction; changes made to fix errors
- et
- Conjunction meaning 'and'
- Améliorations
- Improvements made to enhance quality or accuracy
- tirées
- Drawn or taken from a particular source
- d'
- Contracted preposition 'de' meaning 'of' or 'from'
- une
- Feminine indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'
- Copie
- A copy or duplicate of a document or text
- qu'
- Contracted conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that' or 'which'
- il
- Third-person masculine pronoun meaning 'he' or 'it'
- remit
- Handed over or delivered something to someone
- à
- Preposition meaning 'to', 'at', or 'in'
- M.
- Abbreviation for 'Monsieur', meaning 'Mr.'
- communiquée
- Shared or transmitted to another person
- Éditeur
- Editor or publisher of a text or book
- désormais
- Adverb meaning 'from now on' or 'henceforth'
- déposée
- Deposited or placed in a location for safekeeping
- au
- Contracted article meaning 'at the' or 'to the'
- PRÉFACE
- Introductory section written before the main text
- Lecteur
- Reader; a person who reads a text
- tu
- Informal second-person singular pronoun meaning 'you'
- as
- Second-person singular present of 'avoir' (to have)
- ici
- Adverb meaning 'here', indicating this place
- le
- Masculine definite article meaning 'the'
- début
- The beginning or start of something
- la
- Feminine definite article meaning 'the'
- fin
- The end or conclusion of something
- un
- Masculine indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'
- discours
- A speech or discourse on a topic
- sur
- Preposition meaning 'on', 'about', or 'over'
- gouvernement
- The system or body that governs a state
- que
- Conjunction or pronoun meaning 'that', 'which', or 'what'
- sort
- Fate or destiny; what has become of something
- fait
- Done or made; past participle of 'faire'
- par
- Preposition meaning 'by', 'through', or 'per'
- ailleurs
- Elsewhere; in another place or context
- des
- Plural indefinite article meaning 'some' or 'of the'
- papiers
- Papers; written documents or manuscript pages
- auraient
- Conditional form of 'avoir'; would have
- dû
- Past participle of 'devoir'; ought to or should have
- remplir
- To fill or complete something
- milieu
- Middle or center; the intermediate part of something
- étaient
- Third-person plural imperfect of 'être' (to be)
- plus
- More; indicating a greater quantity or degree
- nombreux
- Numerous; existing in large numbers
- tout
- All or everything; entirely
- reste
- Remainder; what is left over
- ne
- Negation particle used with 'pas' to negate verbs
- vaut
- Is worth; third-person singular of 'valoir'
- peine
- Effort or trouble; worth the trouble
- te
- Second-person singular object pronoun meaning 'you'
- dire
- To say or to tell
- Ceux-
- Those (ones); demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural
- ci
- Here; used with demonstratives to indicate nearness
- demeurent
- Remain or stay; third-person plural of 'demeurer'
- sont
- Third-person plural present of 'être' (to be)
- je
- First-person singular pronoun meaning 'I'
- espère
- Hope; first-person singular of 'espérer'
- suffisants
- Sufficient or adequate; enough for the purpose
- pour
- Preposition meaning 'for', 'in order to'
- trône
- A throne; the seat of a monarch
- notre
- Possessive adjective meaning 'our'
- grand
- Great or large; important and significant
- restaurateur
- One who restores; a restorer of something lost
- présent
- Present; current, referring to the current time
- Roi
- King; a male monarch ruling a kingdom
- légitimer
- To legitimize or make lawful and valid
- son
- Possessive adjective meaning 'his', 'her', or 'its'
- titre
- Title; a formal designation of rank or position
- dans
- Preposition meaning 'in' or 'within'
- consentement
- Consent or agreement given by someone
- peuple
- People or nation; the citizens of a country
- étant
- Present participle of 'être'; being
- seul
- Only or sole; alone without others
- fondement
- Foundation or basis of something important
- légitime
- Legitimate; lawful and rightfully valid
- possède
- Possesses or owns; third-person singular of 'posséder'
- pleinement
- Fully or completely; to the greatest extent
- clairement
- Clearly; in a clear and understandable manner
- aucun
- No, not any; indicating complete absence
- prince
- A prince; a male member of a royal family
- justifier
- To justify or provide valid reasons for something
- aux
- Contracted plural article meaning 'to the' or 'at the'
- yeux
- Eyes; the organs of sight
- monde
- World; all people or the entire earth
- Angleterre
- England; a country in the United Kingdom
- dont
- Relative pronoun meaning 'whose', 'of which', or 'from which'
- amour
- Love; a deep feeling of affection
- droits
- Rights; entitlements or legal claims
- justes
- Just or fair; morally correct and equitable
- naturels
- Natural; existing in or derived from nature
- joint
- Joined or combined; united with something else
- sa
- Possessive adjective meaning 'his', 'her', or 'its'
- résolution
- Resolution or determination to do something
- préserver
- To preserve or protect something from harm
- sauvé
- Saved or rescued from danger or destruction
- nation
- A nation; a country and its people
- alors
- Then; at that time or in that case
- était
- Third-person singular imperfect of 'être' (was)
- bord
- Edge or brink; the very edge of something
- même
- Same or even; used for emphasis or comparison
- esclavage
- Slavery; the condition of being enslaved
- ruine
- Ruin; destruction or complete collapse of something
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