Second Treatise of Government — Page 5

Vocabulary

che

ke — that, which, who; subordinating or relative conjunction

non

non — not; general negation word

può

pwɔ — can, is able to; third-person singular of potere

essere

ˈɛssere — to be; fundamental auxiliary and linking verb

fatto

ˈfatto — done, made; past participle of fare, or noun meaning fact

un

un — a, an; masculine indefinite article

danno

ˈdanno — damage, harm, injury caused to someone

maggiore

madˈdʒore — greater, larger, major; comparative adjective

al

al — to the; contraction of preposition a and article il

principe

ˈprintʃipe — prince, ruler; a sovereign or noble leader

e

e — and; basic coordinating conjunction

popolo

ˈpɔpolo — people, populace; the general population of a state

il

il — the; masculine singular definite article

propagare

propaˈɡare — to spread, propagate; to disseminate ideas or information

nozioni

notˈtsjoni — notions, ideas; basic concepts or pieces of knowledge

errate

erˈrate — wrong, mistaken, erroneous; describing incorrect information

riguardo

riˈɡwardo — regarding, with respect to; concerning a topic

governo

ɡoˈvɛrno — government, administration; the ruling body of a state

affinché

affinˈke — so that, in order that; expresses purpose

così

koˈzi — so, thus, in this way; adverb of manner

alla

ˈalla — to the; contraction of a and la (feminine)

fine

ˈfine — end, conclusion; the final point of something

tempi

ˈtɛmpi — times, periods; plural of tempo meaning era or time

abbiano

ˈabbiano — may have; present subjunctive of avere, third-person plural

ragione

raˈdʒone — reason, right; justification or faculty of rational thought

lamentarsi

lamenˈtarsi — to complain, lament; to express grief or dissatisfaction

del

del — of the; contraction of di and il

Ecclesiastico

ekkleˈzjastiko — ecclesiastical, church-related; pertaining to the clergy

Se

se — if; conditional conjunction introducing a hypothesis

qualcuno

kwalˈkuno — someone, anyone; an indefinite pronoun referring to a person

veramente

veraˈmente — truly, really, genuinely; adverb emphasizing sincerity

interessato

intereˈssato — interested, concerned; having interest in something

verità

veriˈta — truth; the quality of being true or factual

intraprende

intraˈprɛnde — undertakes, takes on; third-person singular of intraprendere

la

la — the; feminine singular definite article

confutazione

konfutatˈtsjone — refutation, rebuttal; the act of disproving an argument

della

ˈdɛlla — of the; contraction of di and la (feminine)

mia

ˈmia — my; feminine singular possessive adjective

Ipotesi

iˈpɔtezi — hypothesis; a proposed explanation or theoretical assumption

gli

ʎi — to him, him; indirect object pronoun masculine singular

prometto

proˈmɛtto — I promise; first-person singular present of promettere

o

o — or; disjunctive coordinating conjunction

ritrattare

ritrattˈtare — to retract, recant; to take back a statement or opinion

mio

ˈmio — my; masculine singular possessive adjective

errore

erˈrore — error, mistake; an incorrect belief or action

dietro

ˈdjɛtro — behind, upon; preposition indicating position or condition

giusta

ˈdʒusta — just, fair, correct; adjective indicating rightness or validity

convinzione

konvintˈtsjone — conviction, belief; a firmly held opinion or persuasion

rispondere

risˈpondere — to respond, answer; to reply to questions or objections

alle

ˈalle — to the; contraction of a and le (feminine plural)

sue

ˈsue — his, her, its; feminine plural possessive adjective

difficoltà

diffikolˈta — difficulties, objections; problems or challenging points raised

Ma

ma — but; adversative coordinating conjunction

egli

ˈɛʎʎi — he; formal or literary third-person masculine pronoun

deve

ˈdeve — must, has to; third-person singular of dovere

ricordare

rikorˈdare — to remember, recall; to keep something in mind

due

ˈdue — two; the cardinal number 2

cose

ˈkoze — things, matters; plural of cosa, general objects or topics

Primo

ˈprimo — first; ordinal adjective indicating the first point

cavillare

kavilˈlare — to cavil, quibble; to raise petty objections

qua

kwa — here; adverb indicating this place or location

là

la — there; adverb indicating a place away from the speaker

su

su — on, about, upon; preposition of position or topic

qualche

ˈkwalke — some, a few; indefinite adjective indicating a small quantity

espressione

espresˈsjone — expression, phrase; a word or form of phrasing

piccolo

ˈpikkolo — small, little; adjective describing small size or importance

incidente

intʃiˈdɛnte — incident, minor point; a secondary or incidental occurrence

discorso

disˈkorso — speech, discourse; a formal or extended piece of text

è

ɛ — is; third-person singular present of essere

una

ˈuna — a, an; feminine indefinite article

risposta

risˈposta — answer, response; a reply to a question or argument

libro

ˈlibro — book; a written or printed literary work

Secondo

seˈkondo — second; ordinal adjective or adverb for the second point

prenderò

prendeˈrɔ — I will take; first-person singular future of prendere

le

le — the; feminine plural definite article

invettive

invetˈtive — invectives, insults; harsh verbal attacks or abusive language

per

per — for, as, by; multipurpose preposition of purpose or means

argomenti

arɡoˈmɛnti — arguments, points; reasoning used to support a position

né

ne — nor, neither; negative coordinating conjunction

riterrò

riterˈrɔ — I will consider, deem; future of ritenere

nessuna

nesˈsuna — none, no one; feminine negative indefinite adjective

queste

ˈkwɛste — these; feminine plural demonstrative adjective or pronoun

degna

ˈdeɲɲa — worthy, deserving; feminine adjective meaning meriting attention

attenzione

attentˈtsjone — attention; careful observation or consideration given to something

sebbene

sebˈbene — although, even though; concessive subordinating conjunction

mi

mi — me, myself; first-person singular object or reflexive pronoun

considererò

konsidereˈrɔ — I will consider; future of considerare, first-person singular

sempre

ˈsɛmpre — always, still; adverb expressing continuity or constancy

obbligato

obbliˈɡato — obliged, bound; feeling or being required to do something

a

a — to, at; basic preposition of direction or location

dare

ˈdare — to give; to provide or hand over something

soddisfazione

soddisfatˈtsjone — satisfaction; fulfillment of a need or reasonable explanation

chiunque

kjˈunkwe — whoever, anyone; indefinite pronoun referring to any person

sembri

ˈsɛmbri — seems, appears; present subjunctive of sembrare

coscienziosamente

koʃʃentsjozaˈmente — conscientiously; in a thorough and scrupulous manner

scrupoloso

scrupulous; extremely careful about doing what is right

sulla

ˈsulla — on the; contraction of su and la (feminine singular)

questione

kwesˈtsjone — question, issue, matter; a topic under discussion or dispute

mostri

ˈmɔstri — shows, displays; present subjunctive of mostrare

qualsiasi

kwalsˈjazi — any, whatever; indefinite adjective meaning any kind of

suoi

ˈswɔi — his, her, its; masculine plural possessive adjective

scrupoli

ˈskrupoli — scruples; moral doubts or hesitations about right conduct

Non

non — not; general negation word

ho

ɔ — I have; first-person singular present of avere

altro

ˈaltro — other, else, more; indefinite adjective or pronoun

se

se — if, whether; conditional conjunction

avvertire

avverˈtire — to warn, notify; to inform someone of something important

lettore

letˈtore — reader; a person who reads a text

Osservazioni

osservatˈtsjone — observations, remarks; critical notes appended to a text

sta

sta — stands, is; third-person singular present of stare

ecc

ɛtˈtʃɛtera — etc., et cetera; abbreviation meaning and so forth

semplice

ˈsɛmplitʃe — simple, mere; adjective meaning plain or uncomplicated

citazione

tʃitatˈtsjone — citation, quotation; a passage quoted from a source

pagine

ˈpadʒine — pages; plural of pagina, sheets or sides of a book

indica

ˈindika — indicates, refers to; points toward a specific source

suo

ˈsuo — his, her, its; masculine singular possessive adjective

Edizione

editˈtsjone — edition; a particular published version of a book