Second Treatise of Government — Page 2

Vocabulary

年

nián — Year; used to indicate a specific year.

编者按

biān zhě àn — Editor's note; remark added by an editor.

本书

běn shū — This book; referring to the current publication.

现行

xiàn xíng — Currently in use; presently implemented or valid.

版本

bǎn běn — Version or edition of a book or text.

不仅

bù jǐn — Not only; used to introduce additional information.

与

yǔ — And; with; together with someone or something.

作者

zuò zhě — Author; the person who wrote something.

生前

shēng qián — During one's lifetime; before a person's death.

出版

chū bǎn — To publish; to release a book or publication.

的

de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification.

前

qián — Before; front; previous in time or position.

三版

sān bǎn — Third edition; the third published version.

进行

jìn xíng — To carry out; to conduct an activity or process.

了

le — Particle indicating completed action or change of state.

校勘

jiào kān — Textual collation; comparing texts to correct errors.

而且

ér qiě — Moreover; furthermore; in addition to that.

还

hái — Still; also; in addition; furthermore.

得益于

dé yì yú — To benefit from; to gain advantage from something.

本人

běn rén — Oneself; the person in question; personally.

最后

zuì hòu — Final; last; at the very end.

修订

xiū dìng — To revise; to amend a text or document.

改进

gǎi jìn — To improve; to make better through changes.

这些

zhè xiē — These; referring to a group of nearby things.

源自

yuán zì — To originate from; to come from a source.

他

tā — He; him; third-person masculine singular pronoun.

交付

jiāo fù — To hand over; to deliver something to someone.

给

gěi — To give; for; indicating recipient of an action.

先生

xiān sheng — Mister; sir; a polite title for a man.

一份

yī fèn — One copy; one portion of a document or item.

副本

fù běn — Copy; duplicate of an original document.

经

jīng — Through; via; by way of a process or person.

编者

biān zhě — Editor; the person who edits a publication.

转达

zhuǎn dá — To convey; to pass on a message to someone.

现存

xiàn cún — Currently existing; still preserved at present.

于

yú — At; in; located at a place or time.

剑桥大学

Jiàn qiáo Dà xué — University of Cambridge; famous UK university.

基督

Jī dū — Christ; referring to Jesus Christ in Christianity.

学院

xué yuàn — College; an academic institution or faculty.

前言

qián yán — Preface; introductory remarks at the start.

读者

dú zhě — Reader; a person who reads a text.

你

nǐ — You; second-person singular pronoun.

在此

zài cǐ — Here; at this place or point in text.

看到

kàn dào — To see; to catch sight of something.

是

shì — To be; is; am; are; linking verb.

一篇

yī piān — One piece; one article or essay.

论

lùn — To discuss; a treatise or essay on a topic.

政府

zhèng fǔ — Government; the ruling authority of a nation.

开头

kāi tóu — Beginning; the start of a piece of writing.

结尾

jié wěi — Ending; the conclusion of a piece of writing.

至于

zhì yú — As for; regarding; concerning a separate matter.

命运

mìng yùn — Fate; destiny; the course of one's fortune.

如何

rú hé — How; in what way; what kind of manner.

处置

chǔ zhì — To handle; to dispose of; to deal with.

那些

nà xiē — Those; referring to a group of distant things.

本应

běn yīng — Should have; ought to have by rights.

填充

tián chōng — To fill; to fill in a space or gap.

中间

zhōng jiān — Middle; the central part between two ends.

部分

bù fen — Part; portion; a section of a whole.

文稿

wén gǎo — Manuscript; draft of a written document.

比

bǐ — Than; compared to; used in comparisons.

其余

qí yú — The rest; the remainder of a group.

所有

suǒ yǒu — All; everything; all things combined together.

加起来

jiā qǐ lái — Added together; combined in total amount.

还要

hái yào — Even more; still more; to an greater degree.

多

duō — Many; much; more; a large quantity.

这一

zhè yī — This particular; referring to a specific matter.

经过

jīng guò — Process; course of events; to pass through.

便

biàn — Then; so; thereupon; indicating a result.

不值得

bù zhí de — Not worth it; not deserving attention or effort.

向

xiàng — Toward; to; in the direction of someone.

细述

xì shù — To describe in detail; to elaborate thoroughly.

留存

liú cún — To preserve; to keep; to remain in existence.

下来

xià lái — To come down; indicating continuation or completion.

文字

wén zì — Written text; characters; written language.

我

wǒ — I; me; first-person singular pronoun.

希望

xī wàng — To hope; to wish for; desire for something.

已

yǐ — Already; indicates a completed or past state.

足以

zú yǐ — Sufficient to; enough to achieve a purpose.

巩固

gǒng gù — To consolidate; to strengthen; to make more stable.

我们

wǒ men — We; us; first-person plural pronoun.

伟大

wěi dà — Great; magnificent; of extraordinary importance.

复国者

fù guó zhě — Restorer of a nation; one who recovers a country.

现任

xiàn rèn — Current; presently holding an official position.

国王

guó wáng — King; the male ruler of a kingdom.

王位

wáng wèi — Throne; the position or seat of a king.

以

yǐ — By means of; using; with; in order to.

民众

mín zhòng — The people; the masses; ordinary citizens.

同意

tóng yì — Consent; agreement; to agree to something.

来

lái — To come; used to indicate purpose or means.

确立

què lì — To establish firmly; to set up definitively.

其

qí — His; its; their; third-person possessive pronoun.

合法

hé fǎ — Legal; lawful; in accordance with the law.

头衔

tóu xián — Title; official designation or honorific name.

而

ér — And; yet; but; connecting clauses or contrasts.

乃

nǎi — Is; to be; indicating identity in formal writing.

一切

yī qiè — Everything; all things without exception.

唯一

wéi yī — The only one; sole; unique without alternative.

根基

gēn jī — Foundation; basis; the fundamental groundwork.

所

suǒ — That which; used before verbs to nominalize them.

拥有

yōng yǒu — To possess; to own; to have something.

依据

yī jù — Basis; grounds; evidence supporting a claim.

整个

zhěng gè — Entire; whole; the complete totality of something.

基督教

Jī dū jiào — Christianity; the religion based on Jesus Christ.

世界

shì jiè — World; the earth and all its inhabitants.

任何

rèn hé — Any; whichever; no matter which one.

一位

yī wèi — One person; a polite measure word for people.

君主

jūn zhǔ — Monarch; sovereign ruler of a state.

都

dōu — All; both; every; without exception.

更为

gèng wéi — Even more; to a greater extent or degree.

充分

chōng fèn — Sufficient; full; thoroughly adequate.

清晰

qīng xī — Clear; distinct; easy to understand or see.

并

bìng — And; furthermore; at the same time.

证明

zhèng míng — To prove; to demonstrate; evidence of truth.

英格兰

Yīng gé lán — England; the country forming part of the UK.

人民

rén mín — The people; citizens of a nation collectively.

正当性

zhèng dāng xìng — Legitimacy; justifiability; being proper and rightful.

正是

zhèng shì — Precisely; exactly; it is none other than.

他们

tā men — They; them; third-person plural pronoun.

对

duì — Toward; regarding; correct; facing something.

自身

zì shēn — Oneself; one's own self or interests.

正当

zhèng dāng — Legitimate; proper; rightful and justified.

自然

zì rán — Natural; nature; occurring without artificial influence.

权利

quán lì — Rights; entitlements belonging to a person.

热爱

rè ài — To love passionately; deep affection for something.

以及

yǐ jí — As well as; and also; together with.

捍卫

hàn wèi — To defend; to protect; to guard firmly.

决心

jué xīn — Determination; resolve; firm decision to act.

在

zài — At; in; located at a place or time.

国家

guó jiā — Country; nation; state; a sovereign territory.

濒临

bīn lín — To be on the verge of; close to a crisis.

奴役

nú yì — Enslavement; subjugation; treating people as slaves.

毁灭

huǐ miè — Destruction; ruin; complete annihilation of something.

边缘

biān yuán — Edge; margin; the verge or brink of something.

时

shí — When; at the time of; a moment in time.

拯救

zhěng jiù — To save; to rescue from danger or destruction.

这个

zhè ge — This; this one; referring to a nearby thing.

民族

mín zú — Nation; ethnic group; a people sharing culture.