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The Adventures of Roderick Random — Page 3

English → Spanish Preface Level 8/10

As learning advanced, and genius received cultivation, these stories were embellished with the graces of poetry, that they might the better recommend themselves to the attention; they were sung in public, at festivals, for the instruction and delight of the audience; and rehearsed before battle, as incentives to deeds of glory.

A medida que el saber avanzaba y el ingenio recibía cultivo, estas historias fueron embellecidas con las gracias de la poesía, para que pudieran recomendarse mejor a la atención; se cantaban en público, en los festivales, para instrucción y deleite del auditorio; y se recitaban antes de la batalla, como incentivos para hazañas de gloria.

Thus tragedy and the epic muse were born, and, in the progress of taste, arrived at perfection.

Así nacieron la tragedia y la musa épica, y, en el progreso del gusto, llegaron a la perfección.

It is no wonder that the ancients could not relish a fable in prose, after they had seen so many remarkable events celebrated in verse by their best poets; we therefore find no romance among them during the era of their excellence, unless the _Cyropædia_ of Xenophon may be so called; and it was not till arts and sciences began to revive after the irruption of the barbarians into Europe, that anything of this kind appeared.

No es de extrañar que los antiguos no pudieran apreciar una fábula en prosa, después de haber visto tantos acontecimientos notables celebrados en verso por sus mejores poetas; por ello no encontramos novela entre ellos durante la era de su excelencia, a menos que la _Ciropedia_ de Jenofonte pueda ser llamada así; y no fue sino hasta que las artes y las ciencias comenzaron a revivir tras la irrupción de los bárbaros en Europa, que apareció algo de este tipo.

But when the minds of men were debauched by the imposition of priestcraft to the most absurd pitch of credulity, the authors of romance arose, and losing sight of probability, filled their performances with the most monstrous hyperboles.

Pero cuando las mentes de los hombres fueron corrompidas por la imposición del clericalismo hasta el grado más absurdo de credulidad, surgieron los autores de novelas de caballería, y perdiendo de vista la verosimilitud, llenaron sus obras con las más monstruosas hipérboles.

If they could not equal the ancient poets in point of genius they were resolved to excel them in fiction, and apply to the wonder, rather than the judgment, of their readers.

Si no podían igualar a los poetas antiguos en cuanto a ingenio, estaban resueltos a superarlos en ficción, y apelar a la admiración, más que al juicio, de sus lectores.

Accordingly, they brought necromancy to their aid, and instead of supporting the character of their heroes by dignity of sentiment and practice, distinguished them by their bodily strength, activity, and extravagance of behaviour.

En consecuencia, recurrieron a la nigromancia en su auxilio, y en lugar de sostener el carácter de sus héroes mediante la dignidad del sentimiento y la conducta, los distinguieron por su fuerza corporal, su actividad y su extravagancia de comportamiento.

Vocabulary

medida
Measure, dimension, or extent of something.
que
That, which, or who; relative pronoun.
el
The; definite article masculine singular.
saber
To know or to find out information.
avanzada
Advanced or progressed forward in development.
ingenio
Ingenuity, wit, or clever mental ability.
recibía
Received or was receiving something regularly.
cultivo
Cultivation, farming, or development of knowledge.
estas
These; feminine plural demonstrative pronoun.
historias
Stories, histories, or historical narratives.
fueron
Were; past tense of ser or ir.
embellecidas
Embellished or made beautiful and ornate.
con
With; preposition indicating accompaniment or manner.
las
The; definite article feminine plural.
gracias
Graces, charms, or expressions of thanks.
de
Of, from, or belonging to someone.
la
The; definite article feminine singular.
poesía
Poetry or the art of writing poems.
para
For, in order to, or toward.
pudieran
Could or might be able to do.
recomendarse
Recommend oneself or be commendable to others.
mejor
Better or best; superior in quality.
atención
Attention, care, or consideration given to.
se
Reflexive pronoun; oneself or themselves.
cantaban
Sang or were singing in the past.
en
In, on, or at a location.
público
Public or audience; open to all people.
los
The; definite article masculine plural.
festivales
Festivals or celebrations of artistic events.
instrucción
Instruction, teaching, or educational guidance.
deleite
Delight, pleasure, or enjoyment derived from.
del
Of the; contraction of de and el.
auditorio
Auditorium or audience listening to presentation.
recitaban
Recited or were reciting aloud publicly.
antes
Before in time or prior to.
batalla
Battle or military conflict between armies.
como
How, as, or in the manner.
incentivos
Incentives or motivations to encourage action.
hazañas
Deeds, exploits, or heroic accomplishments.
gloria
Glory, fame, or honor and praise.
Así
Thus, in this way, or therefore.
nacieron
Were born or originated in beginning.
tragedia
Tragedy or dramatic work with sad ending.
musa
Muse or source of artistic inspiration.
épica
Epic or grand heroic narrative poetry.
progreso
Progress or advancement toward a goal.
gusto
Taste, preference, or aesthetic judgment.
llegaron
Arrived or reached a destination or state.
perfección
Perfection or state of being flawless.
No
No or negative response to question.
es
Is; third person singular of ser.
extrañar
Strange or surprising; to find odd.
antiguos
Ancient or old from previous times.
apreciar
Appreciate or value something highly.
una
A or one; indefinite article feminine.
fábula
Fable or short story with moral lesson.
prosa
Prose or ordinary written language form.
después
After or following in time sequence.
haber
To have; auxiliary verb for past tense.
visto
Seen; past participle of ver.
tantos
So many or such a large quantity.
acontecimientos
Events or important happenings in history.
notables
Notable or worthy of attention remarkable.
celebrados
Celebrated or commemorated with praise.
verso
Verse or line of poetry.
por
By, through, or for a reason.
sus
His, her, its, or their possession.
mejores
Best or superior in quality.
poetas
Poets or writers of poetry.
ello
It or that; neuter pronoun reference.
encontramos
We find or discover something.
novela
Novel or long fictional narrative work.
entre
Between or among different things.
ellos
They or them; masculine plural pronoun.
durante
During or throughout a time period.
era
Was; past tense of ser.
su
His, her, its, or their possession.
excelencia
Excellence or quality of being excellent.
menos
Less or a smaller quantity.
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