← The Complete Works of William Shakespeare

The Complete Works of William Shakespeare — Page 2

English → Japanese THE SONNETS Level 9/10

Look in thy glass and tell the face thou viewest,

鏡を見て、そこに映る顔に告げよ、

Now is the time that face should form another,

今こそその顔は、別の顔を生み出すべき時だと。

Whose fresh repair if now thou not renewest,

その瑞々しい面影を今汝が更新せずば、

Thou dost beguile the world, unbless some mother.

汝は世界を欺き、ある母から祝福を奪うことになる。

For where is she so fair whose uneared womb

なぜなら、汝の耕作を拒む、耕されざる胎を持つほど美しい女など、

Disdains the tillage of thy husbandry?

どこにいるというのか？

Or who is he so fond will be the tomb

あるいは、自己愛の墓となることを厭わぬほど愚かな男が、

Of his self-love to stop posterity?

子孫を絶やすことを望むなどということがあろうか？

Thou art thy mother's glass and she in thee

汝は母の鏡であり、母は汝の中に

Calls back the lovely April of her prime,

その盛りの美しき四月を呼び戻す。

So thou through windows of thine age shalt see,

そのように汝も、老いの窓越しに見るだろう、

Despite of wrinkles this thy golden time.

皺にも負けず、この黄金の時を。

But if thou live remembered not to be,

しかし、もし汝が忘れ去られる生を送るならば、

Die single and thine image dies with thee.

独り身のまま死ねば、汝の面影も共に死に絶える。

Unthrifty loveliness why dost thou spend,

浪費する美しさよ、なぜ汝は費やすのか、

Upon thyself thy beauty's legacy?

自らのために、その美の遺産を？

Nature's bequest gives nothing but doth lend,

自然の贈り物は与えるのではなく、貸し与えるものであり、

And being frank she lends to those are free:

気前よく、自由な者たちに貸し与える。

Then beauteous niggard why dost thou abuse,

ならば、美しき吝嗇家よ、なぜ汝は乱用するのか、

The bounteous largess given thee to give?

与えるために授けられた、その豊かな恵みを？

Profitless usurer why dost thou use

利益なき高利貸しよ、なぜ汝は使うのか、

So great a sum of sums yet canst not live?

これほど大いなる財を持ちながら、生きることができないとは？

For having traffic with thyself alone,

なぜなら、汝はただ自分自身のみと取引をし、

Thou of thyself thy sweet self dost deceive,

汝は汝自身によって、その甘き自己を欺いている。

Then how when nature calls thee to be gone,

では、自然が汝に去ることを命じる時、

What acceptable audit canst thou leave?

いかなる満足すべき決算を残せるというのか？

Thy unused beauty must be tombed with thee,

使われなかった汝の美は、汝と共に葬られねばならない、

Which used lives th' executor to be.

用いられたならば、遺産執行者として生き続けるものを。

Vocabulary

鏡: kagami — Mirror; a reflective surface for seeing oneself.
を: wo — Object marker particle in Japanese grammar.
見: mi — To see or look at something.
て: te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential actions.
そこ: soko — There; that place nearby or indicated.
に: ni — Particle indicating location, direction, or indirect object.
映る: utsuru — To be reflected or projected in something.
顔: kao — Face; a person's facial appearance.
告げよ: tsugeyo — Imperative form: tell or inform someone something.
今: ima — Now; the present moment or time.
こそ: koso — Emphatic particle meaning precisely or exactly now.
その: sono — That; demonstrative adjective referring to something near.
は: wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese sentences.
別: betsu — Separate; another; different from the current one.
の: no — Possessive or nominalizing particle in Japanese.
生み出す: umidasu — To produce, create, or give birth to something.
べき: beki — Should; ought to; expresses moral obligation.
時: toki — Time; a moment or period of occurrence.
だ: da — Copula meaning 'is' or 'it is' in Japanese.
と: to — Quotation or conjunctive particle; means 'and' or 'that'.
瑞々しい: mizumizashii — Fresh, vivid, and youthful in appearance or quality.
面影: omokage — Lingering image; trace of someone's remembered appearance.
汝: nanji — Archaic second-person pronoun meaning 'thou' or 'you'.
が: ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar.
更新: kōshin — Renewal; updating or refreshing something to new state.
せ: se — Causative stem form of suru; to make do.
ず: zu — Classical negative verb ending meaning 'without doing'.
ば: ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'.
世界: sekai — World; the entire earth or global existence.
欺き: azamuki — Deception; the act of deceiving or cheating someone.
ある: aru — To exist; to be present (for inanimate things).
母: haha — Mother; one's female parent.
から: kara — From; particle indicating origin, cause, or starting point.
祝福: shukufuku — Blessing; a wish for happiness or divine favor.
奪う: ubau — To snatch away; to steal or deprive someone.
こと: koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for abstract concepts or actions.
なる: naru — To become; to turn into a new state.
なぜなら: nazenara — Because; conjunction introducing an explanation or reason.
耕作: kōsaku — Cultivation; farming or tilling of agricultural land.
拒む: kobamu — To refuse or reject; to deny a request.
耕: tagayashi — Tilling; cultivating soil for agricultural purposes.
さ: sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives; also casual filler word.
れ: re — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix in Japanese.
ざる: zaru — Classical negative attributive form meaning 'not doing'.
胎: tai — Womb; the uterus where a fetus develops.
持つ: motsu — To hold or possess; to have something.
ほど: hodo — To the extent of; about; approximately a degree.
美しい: utsukushii — Beautiful; aesthetically pleasing in appearance or nature.
女: onna — Woman; an adult female person.
など: nado — And so on; et cetera; particle for listing examples.
どこ: doko — Where; interrogative pronoun asking about a location.
いる: iru — To exist or be present (for animate beings).
いう: iu — To say; to speak; to be called or named.
か: ka — Question marker particle at end of sentences.
自己: jiko — Self; oneself; one's own identity or being.
愛: ai — Love; deep affection for another person or thing.
墓: haka — Grave; tomb; burial site for the deceased.
厭わ: itowa — Not minding; not being reluctant or averse to something.
ぬ: nu — Classical negative auxiliary verb; equivalent to nai.
愚か: oroka — Foolish; stupid; lacking good sense or judgment.
な: na — Adjectival suffix or negative imperative particle in Japanese.
男: otoko — Man; an adult male person.
子孫: shison — Descendants; offspring of future generations.
絶やす: tayasu — To extinguish; to wipe out a lineage or species.
望む: nozomu — To wish for; to hope or desire something.
あろう: arō — Volitional form of 'aru'; probably is or would be.
で: de — Particle indicating location of action or means used.
あり: ari — Classical form of 'aru'; to be or to exist.
中: naka — Inside; middle; the interior of something.
盛り: sakari — Peak; prime time; height of vigor or beauty.
美しき: utsukushiki — Classical attributive form of 'beautiful'; lovely, fair.
四月: shigatsu — April; the fourth month of the year.
呼び戻す: yobimodoso — To call back; to summon someone to return.
よう: yō — Like; in the manner of; expresses resemblance or desire.
も: mo — Also; too; even; inclusive particle in Japanese.
老い: oi — Old age; the state of being aged or elderly.
窓: mado — Window; an opening in a wall for light.
越し: goshi — Through; across; looking or passing over something.
見る: miru — To see; to look at; to observe something.
だろう: darō — Probably; expresses conjecture or a likely assumption.
皺: shiwa — Wrinkle; a line or fold in skin or fabric.
負け: make — Defeat; loss; being beaten in a contest.
この: kono — This; demonstrative adjective for something close by.
黄金: ōgon — Gold; precious yellow metal symbolizing wealth or value.
しかし: shikashi — However; but; a conjunction indicating contrast or opposition.
もし: moshi — If; supposing; used to introduce a conditional clause.
忘れ: wasure — Forgetting; failing to remember something important.
去ら: sara — To leave or depart; stem form of 'saru'.
れる: reru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix in Japanese.
生: sei / shō — Life; living; existence as a living being.
送る: okuru — To send; to spend time; to live out life.
なら: nara — If; conditional form implying a given situation.
独り身: hitorimi — Being single; living alone without a partner.
まま: mama — As is; leaving things unchanged in their current state.
死ね: shine — Imperative of 'to die'; a harsh command to die.
共: tomo — Together; along with; in company of others.
死に絶える: shinidaeru — To die out completely; to become totally extinct.
浪費: rōhi — Waste; squandering resources or money needlessly.
する: suru — To do; general-purpose verb for performing actions.
美し: utsukushi — Classical stem form of 'beautiful'; lovely, fair.
よ: yo — Sentence-final particle for emphasis or direct address.
なぜ: naze — Why; asking for a reason or explanation.
費やす: tsuiyasu — To spend or consume; to expend time or resources.
自ら: mizukara — Oneself; by one's own hand or initiative.
ため: tame — For the sake of; purpose; benefit of someone.
美: bi — Beauty; aesthetic quality or attractiveness.
遺産: isan — Legacy; inheritance; assets passed to future generations.
自然: shizen — Nature; the natural world; occurring without human intervention.
贈り物: okurimono — Gift; a present given to someone as an offering.
与える: ataeru — To give; to grant something to another person.
なく: naku — Without; not having; negative conjunctive form.
貸し: kashi — Lending; loaning something to another temporarily.
もの: mono — Thing; object; a general term for tangible items.
気前: kimae — Generosity; willingness to give freely and openly.
よく: yoku — Well; frequently; adverb modifying verbs or adjectives.
自由: jiyū — Freedom; liberty; the state of being unrestricted.
者: mono / sha — Person; one who is or does a certain thing.
たち: tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.
吝嗇: rinshoku — Miserliness; extreme stinginess with money or resources.
家: ie / ka — House; home; family; also suffix for specialist person.
乱用: ran'yō — Abuse; misuse of something beyond proper limits.
授け: sazuke — To bestow; to grant a gift or skill to someone.
られ: rare — Passive, potential, or honorific auxiliary verb suffix.
た: ta — Past tense auxiliary verb suffix in Japanese.
豊か: yutaka — Abundant; rich; plentiful in resources or quality.
恵み: megumi — Blessing; grace; a benevolent gift bestowed upon someone.
利益: rieki — Profit; benefit; gain from an activity or investment.
なき: naki — Classical attributive negative; meaning 'without' or 'lacking'.
高利: kōri — High interest; exorbitant rate charged on a loan.
使う: tsukau — To use; to employ something for a purpose.
これ: kore — This; demonstrative pronoun for something close by.
大い: ōi — Great; large; abundant in scale or degree.
財: tomi / zai — Wealth; riches; material assets and valuables.
持ち: mochi — Holding; possessing; stem form of motsu.
ながら: nagara — While doing; simultaneously performing two actions.
生きる: ikiru — To live; to be alive; to exist as a being.
でき: deki — To be able; stem of 'dekiru' meaning can do.
ない: nai — Negative auxiliary adjective meaning 'not' or 'there is not'.
ただ: tada — Only; merely; just; nothing more than that.
自分: jibun — Oneself; one's own self or personal identity.
自身: jishin — Oneself; one's very own self; emphatic self-reference.
み: mi — Suffix nominalizing adjectives; also means 'body' or 'self'.
取引: torihiki — Transaction; business deal or trade between parties.
し: shi — Conjunctive form of suru; and/or listing reasons.
甘き: amaki — Classical attributive form of 'sweet'; pleasantly sweet.
欺い: azamui — Deceiving; cheating; stem of azamuku in conjunctive form.
去る: saru — To leave; to depart; to go away from a place.
命じる: meijiru — To order; to command someone to do something.
いかなる: ikanaru — Any kind of; whatever; no matter what type.
満足: manzoku — Satisfaction; contentment; feeling pleased with a result.
す: su — Classical form of suru; to do or perform.
決算: kessan — Settlement of accounts; financial closing or reckoning.
残せる: nokoseru — Potential form: to be able to leave something behind.
使わ: tsukawa — Negative stem of 'to use'; used in negative constructions.
なかっ: nakatt(a) — Past negative stem; was not present or did not exist.
葬ら: houmura — To bury; stem form of 'hōmuru' for burying the dead.
ねば: neba — Classical conditional negative meaning 'unless' or 'if not'.
用い: mochi(i) — To use; to employ or make use of something.
執行: shikkō — Execution; enforcement or carrying out of an order.
生き続ける: ikitsuzukeru — To continue living; to keep on being alive.

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