← The Complete Works of William Shakespeare

The Complete Works of William Shakespeare — Page 3

English → Japanese THE SONNETS Level 9/10

Those hours that with gentle work did frame

優しい働きでその姿を形作ったあの時間は、

The lovely gaze where every eye doth dwell

すべての眼が宿るその愛らしい眼差しを、

Will play the tyrants to the very same,

やがてその同じものに対して暴君のように振る舞い、

And that unfair which fairly doth excel:

美しく際立つものを醜く変えてしまうだろう。

For never-resting time leads summer on

なぜなら休むことなき時は夏を連れて行き、

To hideous winter and confounds him there,

恐ろしい冬へと至らしめ、そこで夏を滅ぼすからだ。

Sap checked with frost and lusty leaves quite gone,

霜に阻まれた樹液、生き生きとした葉は完全に失われ、

Beauty o'er-snowed and bareness every where:

美しさは雪に覆われ、至るところに荒涼が広がる。

Then were not summer's distillation left

もし夏の蒸留物が残されていなければ、

A liquid prisoner pent in walls of glass,

ガラスの壁に閉じ込められた液体の囚われ人が、

Beauty's effect with beauty were bereft,

美の効果は美そのものと共に失われ、

Nor it nor no remembrance what it was.

それ自身も、かつて何であったかの記憶も残らないだろう。

But flowers distilled though they with winter meet,

しかし蒸留された花は、冬に出会おうとも、

Leese but their show, their substance still lives sweet.

その姿を失うだけで、その本質は甘く生き続ける。

Then let not winter's ragged hand deface,

ならば、冬の荒れた手が損なわぬようにせよ、

In thee thy summer ere thou be distilled:

汝が蒸留される前に、汝の内なる夏を。

Make sweet some vial; treasure thou some place,

何かの小瓶を甘くせよ。どこかの場所に宝を蓄えよ、

With beauty's treasure ere it be self-killed:

美の宝が自ら滅びる前に。

That use is not forbidden usury,

その行いは禁じられた高利ではない、

Which happies those that pay the willing loan;

喜んで貸しを払う者たちを幸せにするものだから。

That's for thyself to breed another thee,

それは汝自身のために、もう一人の汝を生み出すことで、

Or ten times happier be it ten for one,

あるいは一が十となれば、十倍も幸せになれる。

Ten times thyself were happier than thou art,

十人の汝は、今の汝よりも十倍幸せであろう、

If ten of thine ten times refigured thee:

もし汝の十人が十倍の形で汝を再現するならば。

Then what could death do if thou shouldst depart,

ならば汝が去るとしても、死に何ができようか、

Leaving thee living in posterity?

汝を後世に生き続けさせておくならば。

Be not self-willed for thou art much too fair,

我儘になるな、汝はあまりにも美しすぎるのだから、

To be death's conquest and make worms thine heir.

死の征服物となり、蛆虫を汝の相続人とするには。

Vocabulary

5: go — The number five.
優しい: yasashii — Kind, gentle, tender in manner or feeling.
働き: hataraki — Work, labor, function, or activity.
で: de — Particle indicating location, means, or cause.
その: sono — That (near the listener); demonstrative determiner.
姿: sugata — Figure, form, appearance, or shape of a person.
を: wo — Object marker particle in Japanese grammar.
形作っ: katachizukutte — Shaped, formed, or molded into a particular form.
た: ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending in Japanese.
あの: ano — That (over there); distal demonstrative determiner.
時間: jikan — Time, hours; a period or duration of time.
は: wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the sentence subject.
すべて: subete — All, everything, the whole of something.
の: no — Possessive or linking particle connecting two nouns.
眼: me — Eye; organ of sight, sometimes used poetically.
が: ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar.
宿る: yadoru — To dwell, reside, or be lodged within something.
愛らしい: airashii — Lovely, adorable, charming, endearingly cute.
眼差し: manazashi — Gaze, look, or expression in one's eyes.
やがて: yagate — Before long, soon, eventually, in due course.
同じ: onaji — Same, identical, equal in nature or quality.
もの: mono — Thing, object, or something in general terms.
に: ni — Particle indicating direction, time, or indirect object.
対し: taishi — Toward, against, in relation to something or someone.
て: te — Conjunctive particle connecting verbs or clauses.
暴君: bōkun — Tyrant, despot; one who rules with cruelty.
よう: yō — Like, as if; expresses resemblance or manner.
振る舞い: furumai — Behavior, conduct, manners, or way of acting.
美しく: utsukushiku — Beautifully; adverbial form of beautiful.
際立つ: kiwadatsu — To stand out, be conspicuous or remarkably prominent.
醜く: minikuku — Uglily; in an ugly or unsightly manner.
変え: kae — To change, alter, or transform something.
しまう: shimau — To end up doing; completes an action regrettably.
だろう: darō — Probably, presumably; expresses conjecture or supposition.
なぜ: naze — Why; asking for a reason or explanation.
なら: nara — If, in the case of; conditional conjunctive particle.
休む: yasumu — To rest, take a break, or be absent.
こと: koto — Thing, fact, matter; nominalizes verbs and phrases.
なき: naki — Without, lacking; archaic negative attributive form.
時: toki — Time, moment, occasion, or when something occurs.
夏: natsu — Summer; the warmest season of the year.
連れ: tsure — Companion; to bring or take someone along.
行き: iki — Going; heading toward a destination or direction.
恐ろしい: osoroshii — Terrible, frightening, dreadful, horrifying, or fearsome.
冬: fuyu — Winter; the coldest season of the year.
へ: e — Directional particle indicating movement toward a place.
と: to — And; with; quotation particle; conjunctive particle.
そこ: soko — There, that place; mid-distance demonstrative location.
滅ぼす: horobosu — To destroy, ruin, or bring something to ruin.
から: kara — Because, from; indicates reason or starting point.
だ: da — Copula; plain form of 'is' or 'are'.
霜: shimo — Frost; ice crystals forming on cold surfaces overnight.
阻ま: habama — To block, hinder, or obstruct; stem of 阻む.
れ: re — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.
樹液: jueki — Sap; fluid circulating within a tree's vascular system.
生き生き: ikiiki — Vividly, lively, vigorously; full of life and energy.
し: shi — Conjunctive verb form; and, also, listing reasons.
葉: ha — Leaf; foliage of a plant or tree.
完全: kanzen — Complete, perfect, entire, total; without deficiency.
失わ: ushinawa — To lose something; stem of 失う in passive.
美し: utsukushi — Beautiful; poetic attributive form of beautiful.
さ: sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives to express degree or quality.
雪: yuki — Snow; precipitation falling as white ice crystals.
覆わ: oowa — To cover over; stem form of 覆う.
至る: itaru — To reach, arrive at, or extend to a place.
ところ: tokoro — Place, spot, location; also indicates a situation.
荒涼: kōryō — Desolate, bleak, barren, and dreary in appearance.
広がる: hirogaru — To spread out, expand, or extend over an area.
もし: moshi — If, supposing; introduces a hypothetical condition.
残さ: nokosa — To leave behind; stem form of 残す.
い: i — Colloquial negative ending; abbreviation of いない/いない.
なけれ: nakere — If not; conditional negative form of ない.
ば: ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'.
ガラス: garasu — Glass; transparent solid material, often for containers.
壁: kabe — Wall; a vertical structure enclosing or dividing space.
閉じ込め: tojikome — To confine, shut in, or trap inside something.
られ: rare — Passive auxiliary suffix indicating receiving an action.
液体: ekitai — Liquid; matter in fluid state between solid and gas.
囚わ: toraware — To be captured or imprisoned; stem of 囚われる.
人: hito — Person, human being, individual, or people.
美: bi — Beauty; aesthetic quality of being beautiful or lovely.
効果: kōka — Effect, result, or impact of an action.
そのもの: sono mono — Itself, the very thing; emphasizing the exact entity.
共: tomo — Together with; both; shared or in common.
それ: sore — That; mid-distance demonstrative pronoun.
自身: jishin — Oneself, itself; reflexive pronoun emphasizing the self.
も: mo — Also, too, even; inclusive particle adding to context.
かつて: katsute — Once, formerly, in the past; at a previous time.
何: nani — What; interrogative pronoun asking about a thing.
あっ: atte — To exist, to be; conjunctive form of ある.
か: ka — Question particle placed at the end of sentences.
記憶: kioku — Memory, recollection; the ability to remember past events.
残ら: nokora — To remain, be left over; stem of 残る.
ない: nai — Negative adjective meaning 'there is not' or 'no'.
しかし: shikashi — However, but; conjunctive expressing contrast or exception.
花: hana — Flower; the blossom of a plant.
出会おう: deaō — Let us meet or encounter; volitional form of 出会う.
失う: ushinau — To lose, be deprived of something valued.
だけ: dake — Only, just, merely; limiting particle of quantity.
本質: honshitsu — Essence, true nature, or fundamental quality of something.
甘く: amaku — Sweetly; in a sweet manner or taste.
生き: iki — Living; stem form of 生きる, to live.
続ける: tsuzukeru — To continue doing something without stopping.
6: roku — The number six.
荒れ: are — Roughness, wildness; stem of 荒れる, to become rough.
手: te — Hand; the part of the body at the arm's end.
損なわ: sokonawa — To harm, damage, or impair; stem of 損なう.
ぬ: nu — Classical negative auxiliary verb equivalent to ない.
せよ: seyo — Do it; imperative form of する in classical Japanese.
れる: reru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.
前: mae — Before, front, prior; spatial or temporal reference.
内なる: uchinaru — Inner, internal; referring to what lies within oneself.
何か: nanika — Something; an unspecified or unknown thing.
小瓶: kobina / kobin — Small bottle or vial for holding liquid.
どこ: doko — Where; interrogative asking about a place or location.
場所: basho — Place, location, spot, or site.
宝: takara — Treasure, something precious or highly valued.
蓄えよ: takuwaeeyo — Store up, save, accumulate; imperative of 蓄える.
自ら: mizukara — Oneself, by oneself; doing something personally.
滅びる: horobiru — To perish, fall, be destroyed or ruined.
行い: okonai — Deed, act, conduct, or behavior one performs.
禁じ: kinji — To forbid, prohibit, or ban; stem of 禁じる.
喜ん: yorokon — Gladly, joyfully; stem of 喜ぶ expressing joy.
貸し: kashi — Lending; to lend money or items to someone.
払う: harau — To pay, sweep away; to settle a debt.
者: mono / sha — Person, one who does something; a particular individual.
たち: tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings.
幸せ: shiawase — Happiness, good fortune, bliss, or contentment.
する: suru — To do, make, perform; most basic action verb.
ため: tame — For, in order to, for the sake of.
もう: mō — Already, anymore, soon; indicates change in state.
一人: hitori — One person; a single individual.
生み出す: umidasu — To produce, create, give birth to something new.
あるい: arui — Or, either; short form of あるいは indicating alternative.
一: ichi — One; the first number.
十: jū — Ten; the number ten.
なれ: nare — Become; imperative of なる in classical Japanese.
十倍: jūbai — Tenfold; ten times the original amount.
なれる: nareru — To be able to become; potential form of なる.
十人: jūnin — Ten people; a group of ten individuals.
今: ima — Now, currently, the present moment.
より: yori — Than, from; comparative or starting point particle.
あろう: arō — There probably is; volitional or presumptive form of ある.
形: katachi — Shape, form, figure, or contour of something.
再現: saigen — Reproduction, reenactment, or recreation of something past.
去る: saru — To leave, depart, go away from a place.
死: shi — Death; the end of life.
できよう: dekiyō — Could probably do; volitional potential form of できる.
後世: kōsei — Posterity, future generations, or later ages.
続け: tsuzuke — To continue; stem or imperative of 続ける.
せ: se — Causative stem; makes someone do something.
おく: oku — To put, place; or do in advance for later.
我儘: wagamama — Selfish, self-indulgent, willful behavior or attitude.
なる: naru — To become; indicates a change of state.
な: na — Prohibitive particle meaning 'don't'; or softening particle.
あまり: amari — Too much, excessively, not very; degree adverb.
すぎる: sugiru — To exceed, be too much; suffix expressing excess.
なり: nari — To become, or it is; classical copula or suffix.

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