The Confessions of St. Augustine — Page 13

Vocabulary

彼ら

karera — They; refers to a group of people.

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar.

何か

nanika — Something; an unspecified thing or matter.

を

wo — Object marker particle in Japanese grammar.

名指し

nazashi — Naming someone directly; pointing out by name.

話し

hanashi — Speaking; talking; conversation stem form.

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneous action conjunction.

それ

sore — That; refers to something previously mentioned.

に

ni — Direction or target particle; to, at, in.

向かって

mukatte — Facing toward; moving in the direction of.

振り向く

furimuku — To turn around; look back toward something.

とき

toki — Time; moment when something occurs.

私

watashi — I; first-person singular pronoun.

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese grammar.

指し示そう

sashishimesou — Intending to point out or indicate something.

と

to — Quotation or intention particle; and, with.

する

suru — To do; general-purpose action verb.

もの

mono — Thing; object; abstract or concrete matter.

発し

hasshi — Uttering; emitting a sound or word.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb in Japanese.

名前

namae — Name; the word used to identify someone.

で

de — Particle indicating means, place, or reason.

呼ん

yon — Calling; addressing by name (stem form).

いる

iru — To exist; indicates ongoing action or state.

こと

koto — Fact; nominalizer turning verbs into nouns.

見て

mite — Seeing; watching; te-form of 見る.

覚え

oboe — Memory; remembering; learning by heart.

そして

soshite — And then; connecting ideas or events sequentially.

この

kono — This; demonstrative adjective for nearby things.

指し

sashi — Pointing; indicating a direction or object.

他

hoka — Other; another; different thing or person.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle in Japanese.

ない

nai — Not; negation of verbs or adjectives.

身体

shintai — Body; the physical human form.

動き

ugoki — Movement; motion of the body or objects.

いわば

iwaba — So to speak; in other words; figuratively.

すべて

subete — All; everything; the entirety of something.

民族

minzoku — Ethnic group; people sharing cultural heritage.

共通

kyoutsuu — Common; shared among multiple people or groups.

自然

shizen — Nature; natural; occurring without artificial influence.

言語

gengo — Language; a system of communication.

すなわち

sunawachi — Namely; that is to say; in other words.

顔

kao — Face; the front part of the head.

表情

hyoujou — Facial expression; showing emotions on one's face.

目

me — Eye; the organ used for seeing.

輝き

kagayaki — Shine; sparkle; brightness of eyes or light.

手足

teashi — Hands and feet; limbs of the body.

身振り

miburi — Gesture; body movement conveying meaning.

声

koe — Voice; sound produced by speaking or singing.

調子

choushi — Tone; condition; manner of voice or music.

よって

yotte — By means of; therefore; due to something.

明らか

akiraka — Clear; obvious; evident to understanding.

それら

sorera — Those; plural demonstrative pronoun referring to things.

心

kokoro — Heart; mind; inner feelings or spirit.

追い求め

oimotome — Pursuing; seeking after something earnestly.

所有

shoyuu — Possession; ownership of something.

退け

noke — Pushing away; rejecting; dismissing something.

あるいは

aruiwa — Or; alternatively; another possibility.

避ける

sakeru — To avoid; to evade something unwanted.

感情

kanjou — Emotion; feeling; inner emotional state.

示し

shimeshi — Showing; indicating; demonstrating something clearly.

て

te — Te-form connective particle linking actions.

こうして

koushite — In this way; thus; by doing so.

様々

samazama — Various; diverse; many different kinds.

文

bun — Sentence; written or spoken linguistic unit.

中

naka — Inside; middle; among a group or place.

現れる

arawareru — To appear; to emerge; become visible.

言葉

kotoba — Word; language; expression used in speech.

絶えず

taezu — Constantly; without interruption; continuously.

聞く

kiku — To listen; to hear; to ask.

何

nani — What; interrogative word asking about things.

表す

arawasu — To express; to represent; to show meaning.

か

ka — Question particle at sentence end.

徐々

jojo — Gradually; slowly; little by little.

集め

atsume — Collecting; gathering things together.

理解

rikai — Understanding; comprehension of meaning or concept.

これら

korera — These; plural demonstrative pronoun for nearby things.

記号

kigou — Sign; symbol; mark representing something.

口

kuchi — Mouth; the opening used for speaking.

慣らす

narasu — To accustom; to train to become familiar.

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self or identity.

意志

ishi — Will; intention; determination to do something.

よう

you — In order to; so that; resembling something.

周囲

shuui — Surroundings; the area around one's environment.

人々

hitobito — People; many individuals; folks around one.

通用

tsuuyou — Common currency; acceptance; passing as valid.

交わし

kawashi — Exchanging; passing between people mutually.

嵐

arashi — Storm; tempest; turbulent weather or situation.

人間

ningen — Human being; a person; humanity in general.

生活

seikatsu — Daily life; living; everyday existence.

交わり

majiwari — Association; fellowship; social interaction with others.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward something.

さらに

sarani — Furthermore; even more; additionally.

深く

fukaku — Deeply; profoundly; to a great degree.

乗り出し

noridashi — Setting out; venturing forth into something new.

でも

demo — But; even so; however; also used for emphasis.

親

oya — Parent; father or mother figure.

権威

ken'i — Authority; power; influence over others.

年長者

nenchousha — Elder; an older, more senior person.

命令

meirei — Order; command; directive given to someone.

依存

izon — Dependence; relying on someone or something.

神

kami — God; deity; divine being.

よ

yo — Particle for emphasis or calling out to someone.

わが

waga — My; our; possessive literary first-person pronoun.

教師

kyoushi — Teacher; instructor; educator in formal settings.

服従

fukujuu — Obedience; submission; complying with authority.

少年

shounen — Boy; young male; youth.

ふさわしい

fusawashii — Suitable; appropriate; fitting for a purpose.

として

toshite — As; in the capacity of; acting as something.

課され

kasare — Being imposed; assigned as a duty or task.

世

yo — World; society; era; generation.

繁栄

han'ei — Prosperity; flourishing; thriving condition.

人

hito — Person; human being; individual.

称賛

shousan — Praise; admiration; commending someone's achievement.

欺く

azamuku — To deceive; to trick; to mislead someone.

富

tomi — Wealth; riches; abundance of possessions.

奉仕

houshi — Service; serving; dedicating effort to others.

べき

beki — Should; ought to; expressing moral obligation.

弁舌

benzetsu — Eloquence; rhetorical skill; persuasive speech ability.

技

waza — Skill; technique; art or craft ability.

秀でる

hiideru — To excel; to stand out; to be superior.

命じ

meiji — Ordering; commanding; instructing to do something.

られ

rare — Passive auxiliary; being made to do something.

いかなる

ikanaru — Whatever kind of; any sort of (literary).

惨め

みじめ — Miserable; wretched; pitiful state of suffering.

さ

sa — Nominalizing suffix turning adjectives into nouns.

嘲り

azakeri — Mockery; ridicule; scornful laughter at someone.

経験

keiken — Experience; something personally lived through.

次

tsugi — Next; following; the coming one in sequence.

学問

gakumon — Scholarship; academic learning; pursuit of knowledge.

得る

eru — To obtain; to gain; to acquire something.

ため

tame — For the sake of; in order to do.

学校

gakkou — School; institution for formal education.

入れ

ire — Putting in; inserting; allowing entry somewhere.

哀れ

aware — Pity; pathos; feeling of sorrowful compassion.

役

yaku — Use; role; service; function of something.

立つ

tatsu — To stand; to be useful; to rise up.

わから

wakara — Not understanding; negative stem of わかる.

学び

manabi — Learning; studying; acquiring knowledge or skills.

怠れ

okotare — Neglecting; being lazy about duties or tasks.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning if or when.

打た

uta — Being struck; hit; beaten (passive stem form).

れ

re — Passive suffix indicating being acted upon.