The Importance of Being Earnest: A Trivial Comedy for Serious People — Page 10

Vocabulary

それ

sore — That thing; refers to something near the listener.

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese grammar.

決して

kesshite — Never; not by any means (used with negatives).

悪い

warui — Bad; wrong; of poor quality.

こと

koto — Thing; matter; fact; abstract noun nominalizer.

で

de — At; by means of; particle indicating location or method.

ない

nai — Not; negative auxiliary for verbs and adjectives.

でしょう

deshō — Probably; right?; softens or seeks confirmation of statement.

文芸

bungei — Literary arts; literature and artistic writing.

批評

hihyō — Criticism; critique; review of a work or idea.

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun in Japanese.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle; of; belonging to.

得意

tokui — One's strong point; something one is good at.

分野

bun'ya — Field; area of expertise or study.

ありません

arimasen — There is not; formal negative of ある.

よ

yo — Sentence-ending particle asserting or emphasizing information.

親愛

shin'ai — Dear; beloved; affectionate term of address.

なる

naru — To become; to turn into something.

友

tomo — Friend; companion; close associate.

やめて

yamete — Stop it; please quit doing that action.

おき

oki — Leaving aside; keeping in a state (te-form compound).

なさい

nasai — Please do; polite imperative command form.

そういう

sō iu — That kind of; such; referring to a mentioned type.

大学

daigaku — University; institution of higher education.

に

ni — To; at; in; direction or location particle.

行った

itta — Went; past tense of 行く (to go).

人たち

hitotachi — People; a group of persons.

任せて

makasete — Leave it to; entrust someone with a task.

おく

oku — To leave in a state; do in advance for later.

べき

beki — Should; ought to; expresses moral or logical obligation.

です

desu — Is; am; are; polite copula in Japanese.

彼ら

karera — They; them; third-person plural pronoun.

日刊

nikkan — Daily publication; issued every day (newspapers).

紙

shi — Paper; newspaper; written document.

を

wo — Direct object particle marking the receiver of action.

とても

totemo — Very; extremely; quite a lot.

うまく

umaku — Skillfully; well; successfully.

やって

yatte — Doing; carrying out; te-form of やる.

います

imasu — Is doing; polite progressive or existential verb.

が

ga — But; however; subject marker or contrastive particle.

本当

hontō — Truth; reality; truly; really.

ところ

tokoro — Place; point; situation; the fact that.

何者

nanimono — Who exactly; what kind of person is someone.

か

ka — Question particle; or; uncertainty marker.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle; together with.

いえ

ie — No; well actually; mild disagreement or correction.

ば

ba — If; conditional particle expressing hypothetical situations.

主義者

shugisha — An advocate or adherent of a particular doctrine.

な

na — Sentence-ending emphasis; or adjective-linking particle.

だ

da — Is; informal copula equivalent to です.

言った

itta — Said; past tense of 言う (to say).

まったく

mattaku — Completely; entirely; absolutely; indeed.

正しかった

tadashikatta — Was correct; past tense of 正しい (correct).

私

watashi — I; me; first-person singular pronoun.

知る

shiru — To know; to become aware of something.

中

naka — Inside; among; within a group or space.

最も

mottomo — Most; the highest degree of a quality.

進歩

shinpo — Progress; advancement; improvement over time.

した

shita — Did; past tense of する (to do).

一人

hitori — One person; alone; by oneself.

一体

ittai — What on earth; used to intensify a question.

全体

zentai — Whole; entire; overall; the totality of something.

どういう

dō iu — What kind of; what do you mean by that.

意味

imi — Meaning; significance; sense of a word or action.

という

to iu — Called; known as; named; quotation connector.

非常

hijō — Extremely; very; extraordinary; emergency situation.

都合

tsugō — Convenience; circumstances; one's situation or schedule.

いい

ii — Good; fine; acceptable; convenient.

弟

otōto — Younger brother; male sibling younger than oneself.

でっち上げ

detchiage — Fabrication; made-up story; false invention.

て

te — Te-form connective particle linking sequential actions.

好き

suki — Like; fond of; to be keen on something.

だけ

dake — Only; just; limited to a specific amount.

町

machi — Town; city district; urban neighborhood area.

出て

dete — Coming out; leaving; te-form of 出る.

こられる

korareru — Can come; potential form of くる (to come).

よう

yō — So that; in order to; expressing purpose or appearance.

して

shite — Doing; te-form of する linking actions or reasons.

掛け替え

kakekae — Irreplaceable; impossible to substitute; precious thing.

慢性

mansei — Chronic; long-lasting condition, especially illness.

的

teki — Suffix meaning -like; -related; of a certain nature.

病人

byōnin — Sick person; patient; someone suffering from illness.

とき

toki — When; time; moment; occasion that something occurs.

いつ

itsu — When; what time; at any time.

でも

demo — But; however; even; or any (with question words).

田舎

inaka — Countryside; rural area; one's hometown.

へ

e — To; toward; directional particle indicating destination.

下れる

kudareru — Can go down; able to travel to the countryside.

たとえば

tatoeba — For example; for instance; to illustrate a point.

並外れ

namihazure — Extraordinary; exceptional; far beyond the ordinary.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary; indicates completed action.

病弱

byōjaku — Sickly; weak constitution; prone to illness.

さ

sa — Nominalizing suffix; turns adjective into a noun.

なければ

nakereba — If not; unless; conditional negative form.

今夜

kon'ya — Tonight; this evening; the current night.

ご一緒

go-issho — Together with someone; polite form of joining someone.

食事

shokuji — Meal; dining; the act of eating food.

する

suru — To do; to perform an action; general-purpose verb.

も

mo — Also; too; even; inclusive particle.

でき

deki — Can do; able to; potential stem of できる.

なかった

nakatta — Was not; did not exist; past negative auxiliary.

一

ichi — One; the number 1.

週間

shūkan — Week; a period of seven days.

以上

ijō — More than; at least; above a certain amount.

前

mae — Before; in front of; prior to a time.

から

kara — From; since; because; starting point particle.

叔母さん

obasan — Aunt; a parent's sister, addressed respectfully.

約束

yakusoku — Promise; appointment; prior commitment or agreement.

いる

iru — To be; to exist (for animate beings); to stay.

どこか

dokoka — Somewhere; some unspecified place or location.

一緒

issho — Together; at the same time; with someone.

しよう

shiyō — Let's do; volitional form suggesting a joint action.

なんて

nante — Such a thing as; dismissive or surprised expression.

お誘い

o-sasoi — Invitation; polite form of inviting someone.

いません

imasen — Is not here; polite negative of いる.

わかって

wakatte — Understanding; te-form of わかる (to understand).

招待状

shōtaijō — Invitation letter; formal written invitation card.

出す

dasu — To send out; to submit; to produce.

ついて

tsuite — About; regarding; following; concerning a topic.

馬鹿げた

bakageta — Absurd; ridiculous; foolish; nonsensical action or idea.

ほど

hodo — To the extent; as much as; approximately.

無頓着

mutonchaku — Indifferent; unconcerned; careless about something.

とって

totte —

愚か

oroka — Foolish; stupid; lacking good judgment.

もらえ

morae — Can receive; potential stem of もらう.

人

hito — Person; human being; individual.

苛立た

iradatta — Irritated; annoyed; stem of 苛立つ (to be irritated).

せる

seru — Causative auxiliary; to make or let someone do.

もの

mono — Thing; something; a nominalizer expressing reason or feeling.

された

sareta — Was done; passive past tense of する.

方

hō — Direction; way; person (polite); alternative side.

ずっと

zutto — All along; continuously; by far; much more so.

よい

yoi — Good; fine; acceptable; favorable.

その

sono — That; the; referring to something near the listener.

つもり

tsumori — Intention; plan; expecting to do something.

毛頭

mōtō — Not in the least; not at all (used with negatives).

まず

mazu — First of all; to begin with; for starters.

第一

dai-ichi — Number one; first; primary; most important.

月曜日

getsuyōbi — Monday; the second day of the Japanese week.

そこ

soko — There; that place; near the listener's location.

しました

shimashita — Did; polite past tense of する (to do).

し

shi — And; moreover; listing or adding reasons or actions.

身内

miuchi — Family; relatives; one's own people or group.

週

shū — Week; a seven-day period.

一度

ichido — Once; one time; a single occurrence.

十分

jūbun — Sufficient; enough; adequate; fully satisfactory.