The Importance of Being Earnest: A Trivial Comedy for Serious People — Page 9

Vocabulary

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese grammar

あなた

anata — You; second-person pronoun in Japanese

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or target

到底

tōtei — No matter what; absolutely cannot; impossible by any means

理解

rikai — Understanding; comprehension of something

でき

deki — Can do; be able to (stem form of dekiru)

ない

nai — Negative auxiliary; does not exist or cannot

よう

yō — Seems like; appears to be; manner or way

な

na — Adjectival linking particle or sentence-ending emphasis

敬意

keii — Respect; reverence shown toward another person

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle in Japanese

動機

dōki — Motive; reason or incentive behind an action

から

kara — From; because; starting point particle

私

watashi — I; first-person singular pronoun

を

wo — Object marker particle in Japanese grammar

叔父

oji — Uncle; parent's younger brother

と

to — And; with; quotation particle in Japanese

呼ん

yon — Call; address someone by a name (te-form stem)

で

de — At; by means of; connective te-form particle

いる

iru — To be; ongoing existence or continuous action

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is' or 'are'

が

ga — Subject marker or contrast conjunction particle

彼女

kanojo — She; her; girlfriend

素晴らしい

subarashii — Wonderful; splendid; magnificent

家庭

katei — Home; household; family environment

教師

kyōshi — Teacher; instructor at a school

先生

sensei — Teacher; doctor; honorific for professionals

監督

kantoku — Supervisor; director; overseer of activities

もと

moto — Under; based on; former; origin or source

田舎

inaka — Countryside; rural area; one's hometown

ある

aru — There is; to exist (for inanimate things)

屋敷

yashiki — Mansion; estate; large traditional residence

暮らし

kurashi — Living; daily life; livelihood

て

te — Te-form conjunctive particle connecting actions

い

i — Stem of iru; indicates ongoing state or action

ます

masu — Polite verb ending for present or future tense

ところ

tokoro — Place; situation; just about to do something

その

sono — That; the (referring to something near listener)

どこ

doko — Where; what place

ん

n — Informal contraction of no; explanatory particle

か

ka — Question marker particle at sentence end

それ

sore — That; referring to something near the listener

関係

kankei — Relation; connection; relevance between things

あり

ari — Existence; there is (stem form of aru)

ませ

mase — Polite imperative or negative auxiliary component

君

kimi — You; informal second-person pronoun

招待

shōtai — Invitation; inviting someone to an event

さ

sa — Sentence-ending particle for light assertion or emphasis

れる

reru — Passive or potential verb suffix

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for verb phrases

でしょ

desho — Probably; I suppose; seeking agreement informally

う

u — Volitional suffix meaning let's or will

正直

shōjiki — Honest; truthful; frank in character

言い

ii — Say; speak (stem form of iu)

場所

basho — Place; location; spot

そう

sō — So; that's right; in that way

だろ

daro — Probably; I suppose (informal form of darou)

思っ

omot(te) — Think; thought (te-form stem of omou)

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary verb component

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary particle

よ

yo — Sentence-ending particle for assertion or emphasis

親愛

shin'ai — Dear; beloved; affectionate term of address

なる

naru — Become; turn into something

二度

nido — Twice; two times

わたっ

watt(e) — Cross over; span; extend across (te-form stem)

中

naka — Inside; middle; among; during

し

shi — And; do; listing or light reason conjunction

ね

ne — Sentence-ending particle seeking agreement or confirmation

さあ

sā — Well; now then; come on; let's go

続け

tsuzuke — Continue; keep going (imperative stem form)

ください

kudasai — Please do; polite request form

なぜ

naze — Why; for what reason

町

machi — Town; city district; neighborhood

本当

hontō — Really; truth; genuine; truly

る

ru — Dictionary form verb ending (present/future)

どう

dō — How; in what way

分かり

wakari — Understanding; comprehension (stem of wakaru)

あまり

amari — Not very; too much; excessively (with negative)

真剣

shinken — Serious; earnest; genuine effort

後見人

kōkennin — Guardian; legal custodian of another person

という

to iu — Called; known as; the fact that

立場

tachiba — Position; standpoint; one's role or situation

置か

oka — Place; put; be placed (passive stem of oku)

あらゆる

arayuru — All; every; all kinds of things

問題

mondai — Problem; issue; question

つい

tsui — Concerning; about; unintentionally; just now

非常

hijō — Extremely; very; emergency; unusual degree

高い

takai — High; tall; expensive; elevated

道徳

dōtoku — Morality; ethics; moral principles

的

teki — Suffix meaning '-like', '-ish', or '-al'

態度

taido — Attitude; manner; stance toward something

取ら

tora — Take; adopt (negative or conditional stem of toru)

なけれ

nakere — Must; conditional negative form of nai

ば

ba — If; conditional particle in Japanese grammar

なり

nari — Become; must (stem of naru or naranai)

する

suru — To do; to perform an action

義務

gimu — Duty; obligation; responsibility

そし

soshi — And then; furthermore (shortened soshite)

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self

健康

kenkō — Health; being in good physical condition

も

mo — Also; too; even; as well particle

幸福

kōfuku — Happiness; well-being; good fortune

大し

taishi — Much; greatly; considerably (often with negative)

役立つ

yakudatsu — Be useful; serve a purpose; be helpful

言え

ie — Say; can say (potential or conditional stem)

へ

e — To; toward; directional particle

出る

deru — Go out; exit; appear; come out

ため

tame — For; in order to; for the sake of

いつも

itsumo — Always; usually; all the time

住ん

sun — Live; reside (te-form stem of sumu)

ひどい

hidoi — Terrible; awful; severe; cruel

面倒

mendō — Trouble; bother; nuisance; troublesome

ばかり

bakari — Only; nothing but; just; approximately

起こし

okoshi — Cause; bring about; wake up (stem of okosu)

名

na — Name; fame; reputation

弟

otōto — Younger brother

ふり

furi — Pretense; acting as if; behavior or manner

き

ki — Come (stem of kuru); spirit; feeling

純粋

junsui — Pure; innocent; genuine; unadulterated

シンプル

shinpuru — Simple; straightforward; uncomplicated

真実

shinjitsu — Truth; reality; true facts

全て

subete — All; everything; entirely

もの

mono — Thing; object; person; nominalizer

めった

metta — Rarely; seldom; reckless (usually with negative)

なく

naku — Without; not having; negation linking form

決し

kesshi — Never; absolutely (used with negative: kesshite)

もし

moshi — If; supposing; in case that

どちら

dochira — Which; either of two; which direction

あっ

at(te) — Be; exist; happen (te-form stem of aru)

なら

nara — If; in that case; conditional form

現代

gendai — Modern times; contemporary era; present day

生活

seikatsu — Daily life; living; lifestyle

ひどく

hidoku — Terribly; awfully; severely; extremely badly

退屈

taikutsu — Boredom; tedium; dull and uninteresting

文学

bungaku — Literature; literary arts and writing

完全

kanzen — Complete; perfect; total; thorough

不可能

fukanō — Impossible; not able to be done

なっ

nat(te) — Become; turn into (te-form stem of naru)

しまう

shimau — End up doing; finish; unfortunately do something