The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, Or Gustavus Vassa, The African: Written By Himself — Page 1

Vocabulary

စာရေးသူ

sa-yay-thu — Author; person who writes something

၏

i — Possessive or genitive particle in formal writing

မိမိ

mi-mi — Oneself; reflexive pronoun meaning one's own

နိုင်ငံ

naing-ngan — Country; nation; state

နှင့်

hnin — And; with; conjunction connecting nouns or clauses

ပတ်သက်

pat-thate — To relate to; to be connected or involved with

သော

thaw — Relative clause particle; that; which; who

ဖော်ပြ

phaw-pya — To describe; to express; to indicate clearly

ချက်

chet — Point; statement; item; also means immediately

ထို

hto — That; those; demonstrative adjective or pronoun

သူ

thu — He; she; that person; third-person pronoun

နိုင်ငံသား

naing-ngan-tha — Citizen; national of a particular country

တို့

toh — Plural marker for pronouns and nouns

အကျင့်

a-kjin — Habit; custom; practice; behavioral tendency

အထုံး

a-htone — Custom; tradition; conventional practice or norm

များ

mya — Many; plural marker; more; various

တရား

ta-ya — Law; justice; dharma; legal doctrine or teaching

စီရင်

si-yin — To judge; to adjudicate; to govern or administer

ရေး

yay — Affairs; matters; also means to write

စီမံ

si-man — To manage; to organize; to plan or administer

ခန့်ခွဲ

khan-khwè — To assign; to allocate; to appoint or distribute

မှု

hmu — Nominalization suffix; matter; case; affair

လက်ထပ်

let-htat — To marry; to get married; to wed

မင်္ဂလာ

min-ga-la — Auspicious; blessing; related to weddings or ceremonies

အခမ်းအနား

a-khan-a-na — Ceremony; formal occasion; official event

အများပြည်သူ

a-mya-pyi-thu — The general public; common people; citizens at large

ဖျော်ဖြေ

pyaw-pyay — To entertain; to perform; to provide amusement

နေထိုင်

nay-htaing — To live; to reside; to dwell somewhere

ပုံစံ

pone-san — Style; form; pattern; manner or format

ဝတ်စား

wut-sa — To dress; to wear clothing; attire

ဆင်ယင်

sin-yin — To adorn; to decorate oneself; to dress up

ကုန်

kone — Goods; merchandise; to run out or finish

ထုတ်လုပ်

htoat-loat — To produce; to manufacture; to make goods

အဆောက်အအုံ

a-saung-a-ome — Building; structure; construction; edifice

ကူးသန်း

ku-than — To trade; to engage in commerce; to traffic

ရောင်းဝယ်

yaung-wè — To buy and sell; to trade; commercial exchange

စိုက်ပျိုး

saik-pyo — To cultivate; to farm; to grow crops

စစ်

sit — War; military; to check or inspect

ဘာသာ

ba-tha — Religion; language; faith; denomination

ဌာနေ

hta-nay — Native; indigenous; local resident of a place

တိုင်းရင်းသား

tine-yin-tha — Indigenous ethnic nationality; native people of Myanmar

ယုံကြည်

yone-kyi — To believe; to trust; to have faith in

ယဇ်ပုရောဟိတ်

yat-pu-yaw-hit — Priest; brahmin officiating at religious sacrifices

သို့မဟုတ်

thoh-ma-hoat — Or; otherwise; alternatively

မြောက်ဆရာ

myauk-sa-ya — Northern teacher; shaman or spirit medium teacher

သင်္ဂြိုဟ်

thin-gyo — Funeral rites; burial; cremation ceremony

ပွဲ

pwè — Festival; performance; show; celebration event

အဆိပ်

a-seik — Poison; venom; toxic substance

ရှာဖွေ

sha-bwè — To search; to seek; to look for something

တွေ့ရှိ

twè-shi — To find; to discover; to come across

စူးစိမ်း

su-sein — Sharp and piercing; pungent; stinging sensation

နည်းလမ်း

ni-lan — Method; way; approach; technique or procedure

မူလ

mu-la — Original; primary; fundamental; at the beginning

အစ

a-si — Beginning; start; origin; the first part

အချို့

a-choh — Some; a few; certain ones among many

အကြံပြု

a-kjan-pyu — To suggest; to recommend; to offer advice

အကြောင်းအရာ

a-kjoun-a-ya — Subject matter; topic; content; reason or cause

သည့်

thì — Relative particle; that; which (colloquial form)

အမျိုးမျိုး

a-myo-myo — Various kinds; different types; all sorts

အမြင်

a-myin — View; opinion; perspective; point of view

အတူ

a-tu — Together; jointly; at the same time or place

ကိုယ်တိုင်

ko-taing — Oneself; personally; by oneself; first-hand

မှတ်တမ်း

hmat-tan — Record; documentation; written account or archive

ကို

go — Object marker; to; accusative case particle

ထုတ်ဝေ

htoat-wè — To publish; to distribute; to issue officially

အဖို့

a-phoh — For; for the sake of; concerning someone

မာနကြီး

ma-na-ji — Arrogant; proud; conceited; having great ego

စွပ်စွဲ

swut-swè — To accuse; to charge someone with wrongdoing

မှ

hma — From; since; ablative case particle

လွတ်မြောက်

lwat-myauk — To escape; to be freed; to be liberated from

ရန်

yan — In order to; for the purpose of; enemy

ခက်ခဲ

khet-khè — Difficult; hard; challenging; not easy

သည်

thi — Verb or topic marker; present tense particle

ဟု

hu — Quotative particle; saying that; known as

ကျွန်တော်

kja-naw — I; me (male, formal first-person pronoun)

၎င်း

da-gin — He; she; it; that (formal pronoun or reference)

သူတို့

thu-doh — They; them; those people; third-person plural

ကြုံတွေ့

kjone-twè — To encounter; to come across; to experience

ရ

ya — To get; to obtain; can; ability or permission

တစ်ခု

tit-khu — One thing; a single item or object

တည်း

ti — Only; alone; just; limiting focus particle

အားနည်းချက်

a-ni-chet — Weakness; shortcoming; flaw or disadvantage

လည်း

le — Also; too; and; additive discourse particle

မဟုတ်

ma-hoat — Not; is not; negation of identity or existence

ပေ

pay — Sentence particle expressing obviousness or emphasis

ထို့ပြင်

htoh-pyin — Furthermore; in addition; moreover; besides that

ထူးဆန်း

htu-san — Strange; unusual; extraordinary; remarkable phenomenon

အရာ

a-ya — Thing; matter; object; item or affair

ခြင်း

chin — Nominalizing suffix turning verb into noun form

ရှားပါး

sha-pa — Rare; scarce; hard to find; uncommon

လှ

hla — Beautiful; pretty; attractive; aesthetically pleasing

ပြီး

pyi — Already; finished; after; completion marker

သဘာဝ

tha-ba-wa — Nature; natural; innate; the natural world

ကျ

kja — To fall; to drop; to suit; to fit

ကား

ka — Car; vehicle; also a topic emphasis particle

ကျွန်ုပ်တို့

kja-noe-doh — We; us (formal first-person plural pronoun)

စက်ဆုပ်

set-soat — Disgusting; revolting; repulsive; to feel disgust

ရွံရှာ

ywan-sha — To detest; to loathe; to find revolting

စိတ်

seik — Mind; heart; feeling; emotion or intention

ဖြင့်

phyin — With; by means of; using; instrumental particle

ပြောင်းလဲ

pyaung-lè — To change; to transform; to alter or shift

ဖယ်ရှား

phè-sha — To remove; to eliminate; to get rid of

လေ့

lè — To practice; habit; tendency; usually or often

ရှိ

shi — To exist; to have; to be present somewhere

မသင့်လျော်

ma-thin-lyaw — Inappropriate; unsuitable; improper; not fitting

တင်ပြ

tin-pya — To present; to submit; to put forward formally

ချက်ချ

chet-cha — Immediately; at once; right away; instantly

မှာ

hma — At; in; locative particle; also means to order

ကံဆိုး

kan-zo — Bad luck; misfortune; unfortunate fate

ဖြစ်

phyit — To be; to happen; to become; to occur

လူများ

lu-mya — Many people; people in general; the public

ယေဘုယျ

yay-bu-ya — General; in general; broadly speaking; overall

အားဖြင့်

a-phyin — In terms of; by means of; with regard to

ကြီးကျယ်

ji-kjè — Great; vast; extensive; large in scope

အထင်ကြီး

a-htin-ji — To admire; to hold in high regard; impressive

ဖွယ်

bwè — Worthy of; deserving; likely to; suffix of possibility

ဖြစ်ရပ်

phyit-yat — Event; occurrence; incident; happening

ပြည့်နှက်

pyi-hnet — Full of; saturated with; filled completely

နေ

nay — To stay; to live; to be (ongoing action particle)

သာ

tha — Only; just; merely; limiting emphasis particle

ဖတ်

phat — To read; to study a text; to recite

ထိုက်

htoat — To deserve; to be worthy of; fitting

မှတ်မိ

hmat-mi — To remember; to recall; to recollect something

ထင်

htin — To think; to believe; to appear or seem

ကြ

kja — Plural action marker; to do together collectively

အတိုချုပ်

a-toh-choat — In summary; briefly; in short; to summarize

ဆို

so — To say; quotative marker; called; meaning

လျှင်

hlyin — If; when; conditional particle for clauses

မြင့်မား

myint-ma — High; elevated; lofty; tall or prominent

အဆင့်

a-qin — Level; rank; standard; grade or tier

တွင်

twin — In; at; within; locative particle

အဓိပ္ပာယ်ကျ

a-dei-pa-ye-kja — Meaningful; significant; making sense; purposeful

ချီးကျူး

chi-ju — To praise; to commend; to speak highly of

သနားကြင်နာ

tha-na-kjin-na — Compassionate; sympathetic; showing care and pity

နှိုးဆွ

hno-zwa — To stir up; to provoke; to arouse feelings

နိုင်

naing — Can; to be able to; to win or succeed

ကျန်

kjan — Remaining; left over; the rest; still there

အားလုံး

a-lone — All; everyone; everything; the whole group

ထိမ်းချုပ်

htein-choat — To control; to restrain; to keep in check

မေ့လျော့

mè-lyaw — To forget; to overlook; to neglect or ignore

အတွင်း

a-twin — Inside; within; interior; during a period

သို့

thoh — To; toward; directional particle indicating destination

ပို့လွှတ်

poh-hlwat — To send; to dispatch; to transmit to someone

လိုက်

laik — To follow; to accompany; directional verb complement

ထို့ကြောင့်

htoh-kjoun — Therefore; for that reason; consequently; thus

ဝန်ခံ

wan-khan — To admit; to confess; to acknowledge something

မည်

mi — Future tense marker; will; shall (formal)

သာမန်

tha-man — Ordinary; normal; common; average; plain

နာမည်

na-mè — Name; reputation; title given to a person

မကြားသော

ma-kja-thaw — Unheard of; not heard; obscure; unknown

တစ်ဦး

tit-u — One person; a single individual (formal)

တစ်ယောက်

tit-yauk — One person; a single individual (colloquial)

ထို့အပြင်

htoh-a-pyin — Besides that; in addition; furthermore; moreover

ပင်

pin — Even; indeed; emphasis particle; also a tree

ထိုသို့

hto-thoh — In that way; like that; thus; in such manner

ပြည်သူ့

pyi-thu — Of the people; public; citizens'; belonging to populace

ကျေးဇူးပြု

kjay-zu-pyu — Please; to do a favor; to be kind enough

အာရုံ

a-yone — Attention; focus; sense; concentration on something

စိုက်

saik — To plant; to focus attention; to direct gaze

တောင်းဆို

taung-so — To demand; to request; to claim something

အနည်းငယ်

a-ni-ngè — A little; a small amount; slightly; a bit

မျှ

hmya — Only; just; as much as; equalizing particle

အန္တရာယ်

an-ta-yè — Danger; risk; hazard; threat to safety

အထူးသဖြင့်

a-htu-tha-phyin — Especially; particularly; in particular; specifically

ဤ

i — This; these (formal written demonstrative pronoun)

နေရာ

nay-ya — Place; location; spot; position or area

သန့်ရှင်းသူ

thant-shin-thu — Pure person; holy person; one who is clean

သူရဲကောင်း

thu-yè-kaung — Hero; brave person; courageous individual

အဓမ္မ

a-da-ma — Unjust; immoral; unlawful; against dharma or law

အုပ်ချုပ်

oat-choat — To govern; to rule; to administer; to manage

မည်သူ

mi-thu — Who; whoever; which person (formal interrogative)

သမိုင်း

tha-maing — History; historical record; chronicle of events

တင်ဆက်

tin-set — To present; to perform; to produce for audience

ကြောင်း

kjoun — That; because; reason; subordinating clause particle

အခါ

a-kha — Time; occasion; when; at the time of

ထူးထူးကဲကဲ

htu-htu-kè-kè — Especially; particularly; in an outstanding manner

သိသာ

thi-tha — Obvious; noticeable; clearly apparent; evident