The Prince — Page 7

Vocabulary

Sin

Without; preposition indicating absence or lack

embargo

However; used in 'sin embargo' meaning nevertheless

en

In, on, at; common Spanish preposition of location

_El Príncipe_

The Prince; Machiavelli's famous political treatise

el

The; masculine singular definite article

duque

Duke; nobleman holding a high aristocratic title

es

Is; third person singular of 'ser'

citado

Cited, quoted; referenced as an example or source

de

Of, from; very common Spanish preposition

hecho

Fact; deed; 'de hecho' means in fact

como

As, like, how; conjunction and preposition of comparison

un

A, an; masculine singular indefinite article

tipo

Type, kind, guy; informal word for sort or person

del

Of the; contraction of 'de' and 'el'

hombre

Man; adult male human being

que

That, which, who; very common relative conjunction

se

Reflexive pronoun used with reflexive or passive verbs

eleva

Rises, elevates; third person singular of 'elevar'

con

With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means

la

The; feminine singular definite article

fortuna

Fortune, luck; fate or financial prosperity

otros

Others; masculine plural pronoun or adjective

y

And; basic coordinating conjunction

cae

Falls; third person singular present of 'caer'

ellos

They, them; masculine plural subject pronoun

toma

Takes; third person singular present of 'tomar'

todas

All; feminine plural form of 'todo'

las

The; feminine plural definite article

medidas

Measures, steps; actions taken to achieve a goal

podrían

Could, would be able to; conditional of 'poder'

esperarse

To be expected; reflexive infinitive of 'esperar'

prudente

Prudent, wise; showing careful good judgment

excepto

Except; preposition excluding something from a statement

lo

It, him; masculine singular direct object pronoun

salvaría

Would save; conditional of 'salvar'

está

Is; third person singular present of 'estar'

preparado

Prepared, ready; past participle of 'preparar'

para

For, in order to; preposition of purpose or destination

eventualidades

Eventualities; possible future events or contingencies

menos

Less, fewer, except; common comparative adverb

ocurre

Occurs, happens; third person singular of 'ocurrir'

cuando

When; temporal conjunction or adverb

sus

His, her, their, your; plural possessive adjective

capacidades

Capabilities, abilities; skills or aptitudes one possesses

fallan

Fail; third person plural present of 'fallar'

sacarlo

To get him out; infinitive 'sacar' with object pronoun

adelante

Forward, ahead; adverb indicating progress or advancement

exclama

Exclaims; third person singular present of 'exclamar'

no

No, not; basic negation word

fue

Was, went; third person singular preterite of 'ser/ir'

su

His, her, your, their; singular possessive adjective

culpa

Fault, blame, guilt; responsibility for a wrong

sino

But rather; conjunction contrasting a negative statement

una

A, an; feminine singular indefinite article

fatalidad

Fatality, fate; inevitable misfortune or bad luck

extraordinaria

Extraordinary; beyond what is ordinary or expected

e

And; variant of 'y' used before 'i' or 'hi'

imprevista

Unforeseen, unexpected; not anticipated in advance

Tras

After, behind; preposition indicating sequence or position

muerte

Death; the end of life

enviado

Sent; past participle of 'enviar', also means envoy

a

To, at; common preposition of direction or recipient

observar

To observe, watch; to look at carefully

elección

Election, choice; process of selecting by vote

sucesor

Successor; person who follows another in a position

allí

There; adverb indicating a distant place

vio

Saw; third person singular preterite of 'ver'

cómo

How; interrogative or exclamatory adverb of manner

engañado

Deceived, tricked; past participle of 'engañar'

permitir

To permit, allow; to give permission or enable something

Colegio

College; here referring to the College of Cardinals

recayera

Would fall to; past subjunctive of 'recaer'

quien

Who, whom; relative pronoun referring to a person

era

Was; third person singular imperfect of 'ser'

uno

One; masculine numeral or indefinite pronoun

los

The; masculine plural definite article

cardenales

Cardinals; high-ranking officials of the Catholic Church

tenía

Had; third person singular imperfect of 'tener'

más

More, most; comparative adverb or adjective

razones

Reasons; plural of 'razón', causes or justifications

temer

To fear; infinitive expressing dread or apprehension

al

To the; contraction of 'a' and 'el'

comentar

To comment on; to remark or make observations about

esta

This; feminine singular demonstrative adjective or pronoun

dice

Says, tells; third person singular present of 'decir'

cree

Believes, thinks; third person singular present of 'creer'

nuevos

New; masculine plural adjective meaning recent or fresh

favores

Favors; plural of 'favor', acts of kindness or benefit

harán

Will make, will do; future of 'hacer' third plural

grandes

Great, large; plural adjective meaning important or big

personajes

Figures, characters; notable or important individuals

olviden

Forget; third person plural present subjunctive of 'olvidar'

viejas

Old; feminine plural adjective meaning aged or past

ofensas

Offenses, wrongs; hurtful acts or insults received

engaña

Deceives, fools; third person singular of 'engañar'

sí

Yes; affirmative particle; also reflexive 'himself'

mismo

Himself, same; reflexive intensifier or identity adjective

descansó

Rested, stopped; third person singular preterite of 'descansar'

hasta

Until, up to; preposition of limit or endpoint

haber

To have; auxiliary infinitive used in perfect tenses

arruinado

Ruined; past participle of 'arruinar', destroyed financially

Fue

Was, went; third person singular preterite of 'ser/ir'

ante

Before, in front of; preposition of presence or priority

ese

That; masculine singular demonstrative adjective

pontífice

Pontiff; title for the Pope or a high priest

estaba

Was; third person singular imperfect of 'estar'

iniciando

Initiating, starting; gerund of 'iniciar'

empresa

Enterprise, campaign; a major undertaking or company

contra

Against; preposition indicating opposition

cual

Which, who; relative pronoun used after prepositions

llevó

Led, took; third person singular preterite of 'llevar'

desenlace

Outcome, resolution; final result of a situation

exitoso

Successful; achieving the desired result or outcome

hizo

Did, made; third person singular preterite of 'hacer'

muchas

Many; feminine plural form of 'mucho'

otras

Other; feminine plural form of 'otro'

aventuras

Adventures; exciting or daring experiences or undertakings

debido

Due to; past participle of 'deber', meaning owed or caused

principalmente

Mainly, principally; above all or most importantly

carácter

Character, nature; a person's personality or temperament

impetuoso

Impetuous; acting rashly with great force or energy

Es

Is; third person singular present of 'ser'

referencia

Reference; mention or allusion to something or someone

Papa

Pope; head of the Roman Catholic Church

moraliza

Moralizes; draws or states moral lessons from events

sobre

About, on, over; preposition of topic or position

parecido

Resemblance, similarity; likeness between two things

entre

Between, among; preposition of position or relationship

Fortuna

Fortune; personified fate or luck in political philosophy

mujeres

Women; plural of 'mujer', adult female persons

concluye

Concludes; third person singular present of 'concluir'

audaz

Bold, daring; fearlessly confident in action

cauteloso

Cautious, careful; acting with care to avoid risk

conquistará

Will conquer; future tense of 'conquistar'

retendrá

Will retain, keep; future tense of 'retener'

ambas

Both; feminine form referring to two things together