The Prince — Page 11
And because Dante says:
そして、ダンテが次のように言っているので：
Knowledge doth come of learning well retained, Unfruitful else,
知識とは、よく保たれた学びから生まれるものであり、 さもなくば実りなし、
I have noted down what I have gained from their conversation, and have composed a small work on 'Principalities,' where I pour myself out as fully as I can in meditation on the subject, discussing what a principality is, what kinds there are, how they can be acquired, how they can be kept, why they are lost: and if any of my fancies ever pleased you, this ought not to displease you: and to a prince, especially to a new one, it should be welcome: therefore I dedicate it to his Magnificence Giuliano.
私は彼らとの会話から得たものを書き留め、『君主国論』という小著を著しました。そこでは、この主題について、君主国とは何か、どのような種類があるか、いかにして獲得できるか、いかにして維持できるか、なぜ失われるのかを論じながら、できる限り十分に自らの思索を注ぎ込んでいます。もし私のこれまでの考えがあなたのお気に召したことがあるならば、これもお気に召さないことはないでしょう。そして、君主に、とりわけ新たな君主にとっては、歓迎されるべきものとなるはずです。それゆえ、私はこれを閣下ジュリアーノに献呈いたします。
Filippo Casavecchio has seen it; he will be able to tell you what is in it, and of the discourses I have had with him; nevertheless, I am still enriching and polishing it."
フィリッポ・カザヴェッキオはそれを読んでいます。彼はその内容と、私が彼と交わした議論についてあなたにお伝えできるでしょう。それでも、私はまだそれを豊かにし、磨き続けています。」
The "little book" suffered many vicissitudes before attaining the form in which it has reached us.
この「小著」は、現在私たちに伝わる形になるまでに、多くの変遷を経ました。
Various mental influences were at work during its composition; its title and patron were changed; and for some unknown reason it was finally dedicated to Lorenzo de' Medici.
その執筆中にはさまざまな精神的影響が働いており、題名と献呈先が変更され、何らかの不明な理由により最終的にロレンツォ・デ・メディチに献呈されることとなりました。
Although Machiavelli discussed with Casavecchio whether it should be sent or presented in person to the patron, there is no evidence that Lorenzo ever received or even read it: he certainly never gave Machiavelli any employment.
マキャヴェッリはカザヴェッキオと、それを後援者に送るべきか直接手渡すべきかを議論しましたが、ロレンツォが実際にそれを受け取ったり、読んだりしたという証拠はありません。ロレンツォがマキャヴェッリに何らかの職を与えたことは確かになかったのです。
Although it was plagiarized during Machiavelli's lifetime, _The Prince_ was never published by him, and its text is still disputable.
マキャヴェッリの存命中に剽窃されたにもかかわらず、『君主論』は彼自身によって出版されることはなく、その本文は今なお議論の余地があります。
Vocabulary
- そして
- soshite — Conjunction meaning 'and then' or 'and also'.
- が
- ga — Subject-marking particle in Japanese grammar.
- 次
- tsugi — Next, following, or subsequent item or moment.
- の
- no — Possessive or nominalizing particle linking nouns.
- よう
- yō — Manner, appearance, or 'as if' expression.
- に
- ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or purpose.
- 言っ
- it(te) — Said; past conjunctive form of 'to say'.
- て
- te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential verb actions.
- いる
- iru — To exist; indicates ongoing or resultant state.
- で
- de — Particle indicating place, means, or cause.
- 知識
- chishiki — Knowledge or information acquired through learning.
- と
- to — Particle meaning 'and', 'with', or quotation marker.
- は
- wa — Topic-marking particle highlighting the sentence subject.
- よく
- yoku — Well, often, or frequently; adverb of manner.
- 保た
- tamota(re) — Maintained or preserved; stem of 'to maintain'.
- れ
- re — Passive or potential verb suffix form.
- た
- ta — Past tense verb auxiliary ending in Japanese.
- 学び
- manabi — Learning, study, or the act of acquiring knowledge.
- から
- kara — From, because of; particle of origin or reason.
- 生まれる
- umareru — To be born or to arise from something.
- もの
- mono — Thing, object, or nominalizer indicating a general concept.
- あり
- ari — Existential verb form meaning 'there is' or 'exists'.
- なく
- naku — Negative conjunctive form meaning 'without' or 'not being'.
- ば
- ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when'.
- 実り
- minori — Fruit, result, or reward of an effort.
- なし
- nashi — Without, lacking, or none; negative noun form.
- 私
- watashi — First-person pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me'.
- 彼ら
- karera — They or them; third-person plural pronoun.
- 会話
- kaiwa — Conversation or dialogue between two or more people.
- 得た
- eta — Obtained or gained; past tense of 'to get'.
- を
- wo — Object-marking particle indicating direct object.
- 書き留め
- kakitome — To jot down or record something in writing.
- 君主
- kunshu — Monarch, ruler, or sovereign of a state.
- いう
- iu — To say, call, or refer to something as.
- まし
- mashi — Polite past auxiliary indicating completed polite action.
- そこ
- soko — There, that place; mid-distance demonstrative pronoun.
- この
- kono — This; demonstrative adjective for nearby objects.
- 主題
- shudai — Main theme, subject, or topic of discussion.
- つい
- tsui — Concerning, regarding; or inadvertently without thinking.
- 国
- kuni — Country, nation, or state as a political entity.
- 何か
- nanika — Something; an unspecified thing or matter.
- どの
- dono — Which; interrogative determiner for selecting among options.
- な
- na — Adjectival linking suffix or negative imperative particle.
- 種類
- shurui — Type, kind, or category of something.
- ある
- aru — To exist, be, or have; existential verb.
- か
- ka — Question-marking particle at end of sentences.
- し
- shi — Conjunctive verb form or emphatic listing particle.
- 獲得
- kakutoku — Acquisition or attainment of something desired.
- できる
- dekiru — To be able to do; to be possible.
- 維持
- iji — Maintenance or preservation of a current state.
- なぜ
- naze — Why; interrogative adverb asking for a reason.
- 失わ
- ushinawa — Lost; passive stem of 'to lose something'.
- れる
- reru — Passive or potential verb ending suffix.
- 論じ
- ronji — To discuss or argue about a topic.
- ながら
- nagara — While doing; simultaneous action conjunction.
- 限り
- kagiri — Limit, extent, or as far as something allows.
- 十分
- jūbun — Sufficient, enough, or fully adequate.
- 自ら
- mizukara — Oneself; by one's own effort or initiative.
- い
- i — Conjunctive form of 'iru'; being or existing.
- ます
- masu — Polite verb ending indicating formal present tense.
- もし
- moshi — If; introductory conditional adverb for hypotheticals.
- これ
- kore — This; near demonstrative pronoun for nearby things.
- まで
- made — Until, up to, or as far as a point.
- 考え
- kangae — Thought, idea, or consideration about something.
- あなた
- anata — You; second-person pronoun in polite speech.
- お気
- oki — Honorific form of 'feeling' or 'preference'.
- こと
- koto — Thing, fact, or nominalizer for abstract concepts.
- なら
- nara — Conditional particle meaning 'if it is the case'.
- も
- mo — Also, too, or even; inclusive particle.
- ない
- nai — Negative auxiliary meaning 'not' or 'does not'.
- でしょ
- desho — Probably, likely; polite conjecture auxiliary.
- う
- u — Volitional auxiliary expressing conjecture or intention.
- とりわけ
- toriwake — Especially, particularly, above all others.
- 新た
- arata — New, fresh, or renewed; adjectival form.
- とっ
- tot(te) — For, regarding; taking conjunctive verb form.
- 歓迎
- kangei — Welcome or favorable reception of someone or something.
- さ
- sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives or softening assertions.
- べき
- beki — Should, ought to; expresses obligation or expectation.
- なる
- naru — To become; indicates transformation or result.
- はず
- hazu — Expected to be; expresses reasonable expectation.
- です
- desu — Polite copula meaning 'is', 'am', or 'are'.
- それ
- sore — That; mid-distance demonstrative pronoun.
- いたし
- itashi — Humble form of 'to do'; polite verb stem.
- 読ん
- yon(de) — Read; conjunctive past form of 'to read'.
- 彼
- kare — He or him; third-person masculine pronoun.
- その
- sono — That; demonstrative adjective for mid-distance reference.
- 内容
- naiyō — Content, substance, or details of something written.
- 交わし
- kawashi — To exchange or engage in conversation or debate.
- 議論
- giron — Discussion, argument, or debate about a topic.
- お伝え
- otsutae — Honorific form meaning to convey or report.
- でも
- demo — But, even so; contrastive or inclusive conjunction.
- まだ
- mada — Still, yet, or not yet; temporal adverb.
- 豊か
- yutaka — Rich, abundant, or prosperous in quality.
- 磨き
- migaki — Polishing or refining a skill or quality.
- 続け
- tsuzuke — To continue doing; ongoing action verb form.
- 現在
- genzai — Present, current time, or the current state.
- たち
- tachi — Plural suffix for people or living beings.
- 伝わる
- tsutawaru — To be transmitted, passed down, or conveyed.
- 形
- katachi — Form, shape, or manner of appearance.
- 多く
- ōku — Many, much, or a large number of things.
- 経
- he(te) — To pass through or experience over time.
- 執筆
- shippitsu — Writing or authoring a literary or academic work.
- 中
- chū / naka — During, inside, or in the middle of something.
- さまざま
- samazama — Various, diverse, or of many different kinds.
- 精神
- seishin — Spirit, mind, or mental or philosophical character.
- 的
- teki — Suffix meaning '-like', '-al', or pertaining to.
- 影響
- eikyō — Influence or effect on something or someone.
- 働い
- hataraki — Worked or acted upon; conjunctive form of work.
- おり
- ori — Humble or neutral form of 'iru' (to be).
- 題名
- daimei — Title or name of a book or work.
- 先
- saki — Before, ahead, or previously in time or place.
- 変更
- henkō — Change or alteration of something established.
- 何らか
- nanraka — Some kind of; unspecified type or reason.
- 不明
- fumei — Unknown, unclear, or unidentified reason or origin.
- 理由
- riyū — Reason, cause, or justification for something.
- より
- yori — From, than, or by; comparative or origin particle.
- 最終
- saishū — Final, last, or ultimate in a sequence.
- なり
- nari — Became; past conjunctive or nominal copula form.
- 者
- sha / mono — Person or one who performs a certain role.
- 送る
- okuru — To send, dispatch, or deliver something to someone.
- 直接
- chokusetsu — Directly, without intermediary; immediately or personally.
- 手渡す
- tewatasu — To hand over directly to someone in person.
- 実際
- jissai — Actually, in reality, or in practice.
- 受け取っ
- uketot(te) — Received; conjunctive past form of 'to receive'.
- たり
- tari — Particle listing representative actions or alternating states.
- 証拠
- shōko — Evidence, proof, or testimony supporting a claim.
- ませ
- mase — Polite imperative or negative auxiliary verb ending.
- ん
- n — Negative auxiliary or informal contraction of 'no'.
- 職
- shoku — Job, post, or official position or occupation.
- 与え
- atae — To give or grant something to someone.
- 確か
- tashika — Certain, sure, or reliable; expressing confirmation.
- なかっ
- nakatt(a) — Was not; past negative auxiliary verb form.
- かかわら
- kakawara — Regardless of; notwithstanding a certain condition.
- 論
- ron — Theory, argument, or treatise on a subject.
- 自身
- jishin — Oneself; reflexive pronoun emphasizing personal identity.
- よっ
- yot(te) — By means of; conjunctive form of 'yoru'.
- 出版
- shuppan — Publication or the act of publishing a work.
- 本文
- honbun — Main text or body of a written document.
- 今
- ima — Now, currently, or at the present moment.
- なお
- nao — Still, furthermore, or additionally; emphatic adverb.
- 余地
- yochi — Room, margin, or space left for something.
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