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The Prince — Page 9

English → Chinese Preface Level 8/10

This result was attained in the battle of Vaila, when Venice lost in one day all that she had won in eight hundred years.

这一结果是在瓦伊拉战役中实现的,威尼斯在一天之内失去了她八百年来所赢得的一切。

Florence had a difficult part to play during these events, complicated as they were by the feud which broke out between the pope and the French, because friendship with France had dictated the entire policy of the Republic.

佛罗伦萨在这些事件中扮演了一个艰难的角色,由于教皇与法国人之间爆发的争斗使局势愈加复杂,而与法国的友好关系又主导了共和国的全部政策。

When, in 1511, Julius II finally formed the Holy League against France, and with the assistance of the Swiss drove the French out of Italy, Florence lay at the mercy of the Pope, and had to submit to his terms, one of which was that the Medici should be restored.

1511年,尤利乌斯二世最终组建了反法神圣同盟,并在瑞士人的协助下将法国人逐出意大利,佛罗伦萨随即陷入教皇的掌控之中,不得不接受他的条件,其中之一便是恢复美第奇家族的统治。

The return of the Medici to Florence on 1st September 1512, and the consequent fall of the Republic, was the signal for the dismissal of Machiavelli and his friends, and thus put an end to his public career, for, as we have seen, he died without regaining office.

1512年9月1日美第奇家族重返佛罗伦萨,共和国随之覆灭,这标志着马基雅维利及其友人遭到解职,他的仕途就此终结,正如我们所见,他在未能重返官场的情况下便与世长辞。

LITERATURE AND DEATH — Æt. 43-58—1512-27

文学创作与辞世 — 年龄43-58岁 — 1512-27年

On the return of the Medici, Machiavelli, who for a few weeks had vainly hoped to retain his office under the new masters of Florence, was dismissed by decree dated 7th November 1512.

美第奇家族回归之后,马基雅维利曾徒劳地希望在佛罗伦萨新主人的治下保住官职,却于1512年11月7日以一纸命令被解除职务。

Shortly after this he was accused of complicity in an abortive conspiracy against the Medici, imprisoned, and put to the question by torture.

此后不久,他被指控参与了一场针对美第奇家族的未遂阴谋,遭到监禁,并被施以酷刑逼供。

The new Medicean pope, Leo X, procured his release, and he retired to his small property at San Casciano, near Florence, where he devoted himself to literature.

新任美第奇教皇利奥十世促成了他的获释,此后他隐居于佛罗伦萨附近圣卡夏诺的一处小产业,专心从事文学创作。

Vocabulary

zhè — This; used to indicate something nearby.
yī — One; the number one.
结果
jiéguǒ — Result, outcome; as a consequence.
shì — To be; linking subject and predicate.
zài — At, in, on; indicates location or ongoing action.
战役
zhànyì — Battle, military campaign; a large-scale fight.
zhōng — In, within, middle; among a group or place.
实现
shíxiàn — To realize, achieve, make something happen.
de — Structural particle indicating possession or modification.
一天
yītiān — One day; a single day's time.
之内
zhī nèi — Within; inside a specified time or space.
失去
shīqù — To lose; to no longer have something.
le — Particle indicating completed action or change of state.
tā — She, her; third-person singular feminine pronoun.
八百年
bābǎi nián — Eight hundred years; a very long historical period.
lái — To come; also marks duration up to present.
suǒ — Particle preceding verbs to nominalize or emphasize them.
赢得
yíngdé — To win, gain; to obtain through effort or competition.
一切
yīqiè — Everything, all; the totality of things.
这些
zhèxiē — These; plural demonstrative pronoun for nearby things.
事件
shìjiàn — Event, incident; a notable occurrence or happening.
扮演
bànyǎn — To play a role; to act as a character.
一个
yīgè — One; a single item or person.
艰难
jiānnán — Difficult, arduous; full of hardship and challenges.
角色
juésè — Role, character; part played in a situation.
由于
yóuyú — Due to, because of; indicating a cause or reason.
教皇
jiàohuáng — Pope; the supreme head of the Catholic Church.
yǔ — And, with; connecting two nouns or clauses.
法国人
Fǎguórén — French people; citizens or nationals of France.
之间
zhījiān — Between, among; in the space separating two things.
爆发
bàofā — To break out, erupt; sudden violent occurrence.
争斗
zhēngdòu — Struggle, conflict; fighting or contending against each other.
使
shǐ — To cause, make; to enable a certain result.
局势
júshì — Situation, circumstances; the current state of affairs.
愈加
yùjiā — Even more, increasingly; to a greater degree.
复杂
fùzá — Complex, complicated; involving many interrelated elements.
ér — And, yet, but; conjunction linking contrasting clauses.
法国
Fǎguó — France; a country in Western Europe.
友好
yǒuhǎo — Friendly, amicable; having goodwill toward others.
关系
guānxi — Relationship, connection; ties between people or entities.
yòu — Again, also; indicating repetition or addition.
主导
zhǔdǎo — To dominate, lead; to be the guiding force.
共和国
gònghéguó — Republic; a state governed by elected representatives.
全部
quánbù — All, entire, whole; the complete amount of something.
政策
zhèngcè — Policy; a set of principles guiding decisions and actions.
nián — Year; a unit of time equal to twelve months.
最终
zuìzhōng — Finally, ultimately; at the very end of a process.
组建
zǔjiàn — To form, establish; to set up an organization.
神圣
shénshèng — Holy, sacred; having a divine or revered quality.
同盟
tóngméng — Alliance, league; a union formed for mutual benefit.
bìng — And, moreover; joining clauses or actions together.
协助
xiézhù — To assist, help; to provide support to someone.
xià — Under, below; beneath in position or circumstance.
jiāng — Will, about to; also means general or to take.
逐出
zhúchū — To expel, drive out; to forcibly remove someone.
意大利
Yìdàlì — Italy; a country in Southern Europe.
随即
suíjí — Immediately, promptly; right away after something happens.
陷入
xiànrù — To fall into, sink into; to become trapped in.
掌控
zhǎngkòng — To control, dominate; to hold power over something.
之中
zhī zhōng — Within, in the midst of; inside a situation.
不得不
bùdébù — Have no choice but to; forced to do something.
接受
jiēshòu — To accept, receive; to agree to take something.
tā — He, him; third-person singular masculine pronoun.
条件
tiáojiàn — Condition, term; a requirement for an agreement.
其中
qízhōng — Among them, within that; referring to items in a group.
之一
zhī yī — One of; indicating a member of a larger group.
便是
biàn shì — Is precisely, namely; used for emphasis or clarification.
恢复
huīfù — To restore, recover; to return to a previous state.
家族
jiāzú — Clan, family; a group of related families or lineage.
统治
tǒngzhì — To rule, govern; to exercise authority over a territory.
yuè — Month; also means moon in Chinese.
rì — Day; also means sun or date.
重返
chóngfǎn — To return again; to come back to a former place.
随之
suí zhī — Following that; thereupon, along with it.
覆灭
fùmiè — To collapse, be destroyed; total downfall of a regime.
标志着
biāozhìzhe — Marks, signifies; to serve as a symbol of something.
及其
jí qí — And his/its; referring to someone and their associates.
友人
yǒurén — Friend; a person one has a friendly relationship with.
遭到
zāodào — To suffer, encounter; to be subjected to something negative.
解职
jiězhí — To be dismissed from office; removal from a position.
仕途
shìtú — Official career path; one's progress in government service.
就此
jiùcǐ — Thereupon, at this point; from this moment onward.
终结
zhōngjié — To end, conclude; the final termination of something.
正如
zhèngrú — Just as, exactly as; used for comparison or reference.
我们
wǒmen — We, us; first-person plural pronoun.
所见
suǒ jiàn — What one sees; that which has been observed.
未能
wèi néng — Failed to, unable to; did not manage to do.
官场
guānchǎng — Political arena; the world of government officials.
情况下
qíngkuàng xià — Under the circumstance; given a particular situation.
便
biàn — Then, accordingly; indicating a natural consequence.
与世长辞
yǔ shì cháng cí — To pass away; to depart from the world forever.
文学
wénxué — Literature; written works, especially those of artistic value.
创作
chuàngzuò — To create; literary or artistic creative work.
辞世
císhì — To pass away, die; a respectful term for death.
年龄
niánlíng — Age; the number of years a person has lived.
suì — Years old; measure word for a person's age.
回归
huíguī — To return, come back; restoration to a former state.
之后
zhīhòu — After, afterwards; following a specified time or event.
céng — Once, formerly; indicates something happened in the past.
徒劳
túláo — In vain, futile; effort that produces no result.
de — Adverbial particle; links adverbs or phrases to verbs.
希望
xīwàng — To hope, wish; a desire for something to happen.
xīn — New; recently made, acquired, or introduced.
主人
zhǔrén — Master, owner; the person in charge or authority.
治下
zhì xià — Under the rule of; governed by a particular authority.
保住
bǎozhù — To keep, retain; to successfully hold onto something.
官职
guānzhí — Official post; a position in government service.
què — But, however; indicates contrast or unexpected outcome.
yú — At, in, on; classical preposition indicating time or place.
yǐ — With, by means of; using something as a method.
一纸
yī zhǐ — A piece of paper; one written document or order.
命令
mìnglìng — Order, command; an authoritative directive to act.
bèi — Passive marker; indicates the subject undergoes an action.
解除
jiěchú — To relieve, remove; to officially end a duty or post.
职务
zhíwù — Duty, post; one's official role or job responsibilities.
此后
cǐhòu — After this, thereafter; from this point in time forward.
不久
bùjiǔ — Soon, before long; a short time after something.
指控
zhǐkòng — To accuse, charge; to formally allege wrongdoing.
参与
cānyù — To participate, be involved; to take part in something.
一场
yī cháng — One instance of; measure word for events or performances.
针对
zhēnduì — Aimed at, targeting; directed specifically toward something.
未遂
wèisuì — Attempted but failed; an action that did not succeed.
阴谋
yīnmóu — Conspiracy, plot; a secret plan to do something harmful.
监禁
jiānjìn — Imprisonment; confinement in jail or prison.
施以
shī yǐ — To apply, administer; to carry out an action upon someone.
酷刑
kùxíng — Torture; cruel physical punishment to extract information.
逼供
bīgòng — To extract a confession by force or coercion.
新任
xīnrèn — Newly appointed; recently taking up an official position.
促成
cùchéng — To bring about, facilitate; to help make something happen.
获释
huòshì — To be released; to be freed from custody or imprisonment.
隐居
yǐnjū — To live in seclusion; to retire from public life.
附近
fùjìn — Nearby, vicinity; the area close to a specific place.
一处
yī chù — A place, a spot; one location or piece of property.
xiǎo — Small, little; not large in size or importance.
产业
chǎnyè — Estate, property; assets or business holdings one owns.
专心
zhuānxīn — To concentrate, focus; devoting full attention to something.
从事
cóngshì — To engage in, pursue; to be occupied with an activity.
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