The Prince — Page 7
然而在《君主论》中,公爵实际上被引用为依靠他人的运气而崛起、又随之沉沦的人的典型;
Yet in _The Prince_ the duke is in point of fact cited as a type of the man who rises on the fortune of others, and falls with them;
他采取了一个谨慎的人所能预期的每一种做法,唯独没有采取那个能拯救他的做法;
who takes every course that might be expected from a prudent man but the course which will save him;
他为一切可能发生的情况做好了准备,唯独没有准备那个最终真正发生的情况;
who is prepared for all eventualities but the one which happens;
当他的一切才能都无法使他渡过难关时,他却大呼这并非他的过错,而是一种非同寻常、无法预见的命运捉弄。
and who, when all his abilities fail to carry him through, exclaims that it was not his fault, but an extraordinary and unforeseen fatality.
1503年庇护三世去世后,马基雅维利被派往罗马观察其继任者的选举,在那里他目睹了切萨雷·博尔贾被诱骗,使枢机主教团将选票投给了朱利亚诺·德拉·罗维雷(即尤利乌斯二世)。
On the death of Pius III, in 1503, Machiavelli was sent to Rome to watch the election of his successor, and there he saw Cesare Borgia cheated into allowing the choice of the College to fall on Giuliano delle Rovere (Julius II),
而尤利乌斯二世正是那些最有理由畏惧公爵的枢机主教之一。
who was one of the cardinals that had most reason to fear the duke.
马基雅维利在评论这次选举时说,凡以为新恩能使权贵忘却旧怨者,不过是自欺欺人。
Machiavelli, when commenting on this election, says that he who thinks new favours will cause great personages to forget old injuries deceives himself.
尤利乌斯一刻不停,直到将切萨雷彻底毁灭为止。
Julius did not rest until he had ruined Cesare.
1506年,马基雅维利被派往尤利乌斯二世处,彼时这位教皇正着手发动对博洛尼亚的征伐;
It was to Julius II that Machiavelli was sent in 1506, when that pontiff was commencing his enterprise against Bologna;
此次征伐以胜利告终,他的许多其他冒险事业亦然,这主要归因于他那冲动果敢的性格。
which he brought to a successful issue, as he did many of his other adventures, owing chiefly to his impetuous character.
马基雅维利正是借教皇尤利乌斯之事,对命运与女性之间的相似之处发表感悟,并得出结论:能赢得并驾驭二者的,与其说是谨慎之人,不如说是大胆之人。
It is in reference to Pope Julius that Machiavelli moralizes on the resemblance between Fortune and women, and concludes that it is the bold rather than the cautious man that will win and hold them both.
Vocabulary
- Yet
- 然而,表示转折或对比的连词
- Prince
- 王子;马基雅维利所著的政治论著名称
- duke
- 公爵,欧洲贵族头衔之一
- point
- 要点,观点;某一具体方面
- fact
- 事实,真实存在的情况
- cited
- 被引用,被举例作为说明
- type
- 类型,种类,具有某种特征的人
- rises
- 上升,兴起,靠某种力量获得成功
- fortune
- 命运;财富;机遇与运气
- falls
- 跌落,衰败,随……而没落
- course
- 行动方针,路线,做事的方式
- might
- 可能,表示推测或可能性的情态动词
- expected
- 被预期的,被认为应该发生的
- prudent
- 谨慎的,有远见的,行事明智的
- save
- 拯救,使免于危险或失败
- prepared
- 有准备的,已做好应对各种情况的准备
- eventualities
- 各种可能发生的意外情况或结果
- abilities
- 能力,才能,做某事的本领
- fail
- 失败,未能成功完成某事
- carry
- 执行,贯彻,将某事推行到底
- through
- 完成,贯穿始终,通过困难
- exclaims
- 惊叫,大声宣称,情绪激动地说
- fault
- 过错,责任,失误
- extraordinary
- 非同寻常的,极为罕见的,令人惊异的
- unforeseen
- 未预见到的,意料之外的情况
- fatality
- 命中注定的厄运,致命的不幸事件
- death
- 死亡,逝世
- Machiavelli
- 马基雅维利,意大利著名政治思想家
- watch
- 观察,关注,注视某一重要事件
- election
- 选举,推选新领导人的过程
- successor
- 继承人,接替某一职位的人
- cheated
- 被欺骗,被诱使做出不利于自己的事
- allowing
- 允许,准许某事发生
- choice
- 选择,做决定的权力和过程
- College
- 学院;此处指枢机主教团
- fall
- 落到,归于,指决定权归某人
- cardinals
- 枢机主教,天主教会高级神职人员
- reason
- 理由,原因,促使某事的依据
- fear
- 害怕,恐惧某人或某事
- commenting
- 评论,就某事发表看法或见解
- favours
- 恩惠,好处,获得的帮助或特殊照顾
- cause
- 使,导致,引发某种结果
- personages
- 重要人物,显赫人士,有影响力的人
- forget
- 忘记,不再记得过去的事情
- injuries
- 伤害,受到的委屈或损害
- deceives
- 欺骗自己或他人,产生错误认知
- rest
- 停歇,rest此处指停止行动
- until
- 直到,表示持续到某时间点
- ruined
- 毁掉,彻底失败或被摧毁
- pontiff
- 教皇,天主教最高领袖的称谓
- commencing
- 开始,着手进行某项行动或计划
- enterprise
- 事业,重大行动,有挑战性的计划
- against
- 反对,针对,与……对抗
- successful
- 成功的,达到预期目标的
- issue
- 结果,结局;此处指最终成功完成
- adventures
- 冒险经历,大胆的行动或事业
- owing
- 由于,因为,归因于某原因
- chiefly
- 主要地,首先地,在很大程度上
- impetuous
- 冲动的,鲁莽的,行事急躁不思考的
- character
- 性格,个性,人的行为特征
- reference
- 参考,提及,引用以说明某观点
- Pope
- 教皇,天主教会的最高领袖
- moralizes
- 发表道德评论,就某事进行说教
- resemblance
- 相似性,两者之间的相像之处
- Fortune
- 命运女神,此处象征变化无常的运气
- concludes
- 得出结论,最终判断或总结某观点
- bold
- 大胆的,勇敢的,敢于冒险的
- rather
- 宁可,与其,表示比较与偏好
- cautious
- 谨慎的,小心翼翼,行事保守的
- win
- 赢得,获胜,取得成功
- hold
- 保持,抓住,维持已获得的地位
- both
- 两者都,同时具有两种情况
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