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The Prince — Page 9

Chinese → English Preface Level 8/10

这一结果在瓦伊拉战役中得以实现,威尼斯在一天之内失去了她八百年来所赢得的一切。

This result was attained in the battle of Vaila, when Venice lost in one day all that she had won in eight hundred years.

佛罗伦萨在这些事件中扮演了一个艰难的角色,而局势因教皇与法国之间爆发的争端而愈加复杂,因为与法国的友谊一直主导着共和国的整体政策。

Florence had a difficult part to play during these events, complicated as they were by the feud which broke out between the pope and the French, because friendship with France had dictated the entire policy of the Republic.

1511年,当尤利乌斯二世最终组建了反法神圣同盟,并借助瑞士人的力量将法国人逐出意大利时,佛罗伦萨已任由教皇摆布,不得不接受他的条件,其中一条便是恢复美第奇家族的统治。

When, in 1511, Julius II finally formed the Holy League against France, and with the assistance of the Swiss drove the French out of Italy, Florence lay at the mercy of the Pope, and had to submit to his terms, one of which was that the Medici should be restored.

1512年9月1日,美第奇家族重返佛罗伦萨,共和国随之覆灭,这一事件成为马基雅维利及其友人遭到免职的信号,从而终结了他的公职生涯——正如我们所见,他直至去世也未能重返官位。

The return of the Medici to Florence on 1st September 1512, and the consequent fall of the Republic, was the signal for the dismissal of Machiavelli and his friends, and thus put an end to his public career, for, as we have seen, he died without regaining office.

文学生涯与辞世——43至58岁——1512至1527年

LITERATURE AND DEATH — Æt. 43-58—1512-27

美第奇家族回归之后,马基雅维利曾徒劳地抱有希望,以为能在佛罗伦萨新主人的治下保住职位,但数周之后,他便于1512年11月7日被一纸法令解除了职务。

On the return of the Medici, Machiavelli, who for a few weeks had vainly hoped to retain his office under the new masters of Florence, was dismissed by decree dated 7th November 1512.

此后不久,他被指控参与一场针对美第奇家族的未遂阴谋,遭到监禁,并被施以拷问。

Shortly after this he was accused of complicity in an abortive conspiracy against the Medici, imprisoned, and put to the question by torture.

新任美第奇家族出身的教皇利奥十世促成了他的获释,他随后隐居于佛罗伦萨附近圣卡夏诺的一处小产业,在那里潜心从事文学创作。

The new Medicean pope, Leo X, procured his release, and he retired to his small property at San Casciano, near Florence, where he devoted himself to literature.

Vocabulary

result
结果,某事发生后的最终状况
attained
达到,经过努力获得某目标
battle
战役,两方之间的武装战斗
won
赢得,通过努力或战斗获得
difficult
困难的,不容易处理或完成的
part
角色或部分,所扮演的地位
play
扮演,在某情境中充当某种角色
during
在……期间,表示某段时间内
events
事件,发生的重要事情(复数)
complicated
复杂的,涉及许多难以理解的因素
feud
长期争斗,两方之间持续的敌对仇恨
broke
爆发,突然开始(break的过去式)
between
在……之间,表示两者的关系
pope
教皇,天主教的最高领袖
friendship
友谊,两方之间友好的关系
dictated
决定,强制支配某人的行为或政策
entire
整个的,全部的,没有例外
policy
政策,政府或组织的行动方针
Republic
共和国,由人民或代表管理的国家
finally
最终,经过长时间后终于发生
formed
组建,建立某组织或联盟
Holy
神圣的,与宗教或上帝相关的
League
联盟,多个势力为共同目标联合
against
反对,与……对立或对抗
assistance
援助,提供帮助或支持
drove
驱逐,强迫某人离开(drive过去式)
lay
处于,位于某种状态或位置
mercy
支配下,任由他人处置的处境
Pope
教皇,天主教最高宗教领袖
submit
屈服,服从他人的要求或权威
terms
条件,谈判或协议中提出的要求
restored
恢复,使回到原来的地位或状态
return
归来,回到原来的地方或地位
consequent
随之而来的,作为结果而发生的
fall
倒台,失去权力或地位的过程
signal
信号,标志着某事开始的标志
dismissal
解雇,被迫离开职位或职务
thus
因此,表示结果或结论的副词
public
公共的,与公众或政府有关的
career
职业生涯,一个人长期从事的工作
without
没有,缺乏某物或某情况
regaining
重新获得,再次得到失去的东西
office
官职,政府或机构中的职位
LITERATURE
文学,书面创作作品的总称
DEATH
死亡,生命的终结
few
几个,数量很少的
vainly
徒劳地,努力却没有成功地
retain
保留,继续保持某职位或地位
masters
主人们,掌握权力的统治者(复数)
dismissed
被解雇,被免除职务
decree
法令,官方正式颁布的命令
dated
注明日期的,标有特定日期的
Shortly
不久之后,很短时间以后
accused
被指控,被认为犯了某罪行
complicity
共谋,参与他人犯罪的行为
abortive
失败的,没有成功就夭折的
conspiracy
阴谋,秘密策划推翻权威的计划
imprisoned
被监禁,被关押在监狱中
question
审问,对某人进行盘问或讯问
torture
酷刑,用痛苦手段逼取信息
procured
设法获得,通过努力取得某事物
release
释放,使人从监禁或束缚中自由
retired
退隐,离开公职回到私人生活
property
房产,某人拥有的土地或建筑
devoted
专心于,把时间精力奉献给某事
literature
文学,书面创作的艺术作品总称
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