The Prince — Page 13
1520年,佛罗伦萨的商人们再次求助于马基雅维利,请他出面解决与卢卡之间的纠纷。
In 1520 the Florentine merchants again had recourse to Machiavelli to settle their difficulties with Lucca,
但这一年最值得铭记的,是他重新融入佛罗伦萨文学社交圈——在那里他备受追捧,
but this year was chiefly remarkable for his re-entry into Florentine literary society, where he was much sought after,
同时也因为他的《战争的艺术》一书的问世。
and also for the production of his "Art of War."
同年,他受美第奇枢机主教之托,接受委任撰写《佛罗伦萨史》,
It was in the same year that he received a commission at the instance of Cardinal de' Medici to write the "History of Florence,"
这项工作一直持续到1525年才告完成。
a task which occupied him until 1525.
他重获民众青睐,或许正是美第奇家族决定委以此任的原因,
His return to popular favour may have determined the Medici to give him this employment,
正如一位古代作家所观察到的:「一位无事可做的能干政治家,就像一头巨鲸,
for an old writer observes that "an able statesman out of work, like a huge whale,
若不给他一只空桶玩耍,他便会竭力掀翻整艘船。」
will endeavour to overturn the ship unless he has an empty cask to play with."
《佛罗伦萨史》完成后,马基雅维利将其带往罗马,呈献给他的赞助人朱利亚诺·德·美第奇,
When the "History of Florence" was finished, Machiavelli took it to Rome for presentation to his patron, Giuliano de' Medici,
而此时朱利亚诺已以克莱门特七世之名登上教皇宝座。
who had in the meanwhile become pope under the title of Clement VII.
颇为值得注意的是,1513年马基雅维利曾在美第奇家族甫一重掌佛罗伦萨政权之际,为其撰写《君主论》以资教诲;
It is somewhat remarkable that, as, in 1513, Machiavelli had written The Prince for the instruction of the Medici after they had just regained power in Florence,
同样地,1525年他又将《佛罗伦萨史》献给这个家族的首领,而此时家族的覆灭已近在眼前。
so, in 1525, he dedicated the "History of Florence" to the head of the family when its ruin was now at hand.
就在那一年,帕维亚战役彻底摧毁了法国在意大利的统治,
In that year the battle of Pavia destroyed the French rule in Italy,
弗朗索瓦一世沦为其强劲对手查理五世的阶下囚。
and left Francis I a prisoner in the hands of his great rival, Charles V.
Vocabulary
- In
- 表示时间、地点或状态的介词
- Florentine
- 与意大利城市佛罗伦萨有关的
- merchants
- 从事商业贸易的人,商人
- again
- 再次,重复之前的动作
- recourse
- 在困难时求助于某人或某事
- settle
- 解决问题或争端,使稳定
- difficulties
- 困难,麻烦,棘手的问题
- chiefly
- 主要地,最重要地
- remarkable
- 值得注意的,非凡的,突出的
- re-entry
- 重新进入或回归某个领域
- literary
- 与文学写作或文化有关的
- society
- 社会,有共同兴趣的人群组织
- sought
- seek的过去式,被寻求或追捧
- production
- 创作或制作某部作品的过程
- Art
- 艺术,技艺,某领域的技能
- War
- 战争,武装冲突
- received
- 收到,接受某件事或任务
- commission
- 委托,授权某人完成特定任务
- instance
- 要求,请求;也指具体例子
- Cardinal
- 天主教的高级神职人员,枢机主教
- History
- 历史,记载过去事件的学科
- task
- 任务,需要完成的具体工作
- occupied
- 占用时间或精力,使忙碌
- until
- 直到某时间点为止
- return
- 回归,重新回到某种状态
- popular
- 受欢迎的,得到大众喜爱的
- favour
- 好感,支持,善意对待
- may
- 可能,表示推测或许可的助动词
- determined
- 决定,下定决心做某事
- employment
- 雇用,工作,提供职位
- writer
- 一位观察并记录某事的写作者
- observes
- 观察并评论,指出某种现象
- able
- 有能力的,有才干的
- statesman
- 政治家,有才能的国家领导人
- huge
- 巨大的,体积或规模很大
- whale
- 鲸鱼,海洋中最大的哺乳动物
- endeavour
- 努力尝试,尽力去做某事
- overturn
- 推翻,使翻倒或颠覆
- ship
- 船,用于水上运输的大型交通工具
- unless
- 除非,在不满足条件时的连词
- empty
- 空的,里面没有任何东西
- cask
- 木桶,用于储存液体的桶
- presentation
- 呈献,正式将作品交给某人
- patron
- 赞助人,支持艺术家或学者的人
- meanwhile
- 与此同时,在此期间
- become
- 成为,变成某种身份或状态
- pope
- 教皇,天主教会的最高领袖
- title
- 头衔,称号,职位名称
- somewhat
- 有些,在一定程度上
- Prince
- 《君主论》,马基雅维利的政治著作
- instruction
- 指导,教导,提供指引的文字
- regained
- 重新获得,恢复之前失去的东西
- power
- 权力,对他人施加影响的能力
- dedicated
- 题献,将作品献给某位重要人物
- head
- 领袖,首领,家族或组织的最高人
- ruin
- 毁灭,崩溃,彻底的失败或破坏
- battle
- 战役,两军之间的激烈交战
- destroyed
- 摧毁,彻底破坏某物或势力
- French
- 法国的,与法国相关的
- rule
- 统治,对某地区的政治控制
- prisoner
- 囚犯,被俘虏或拘禁的人
- rival
- 竞争对手,与自己争夺同一目标的人
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