The Republic — Page 11
Tried by this test, several of the Platonic Dialogues, according to our modern ideas, appear to be defective, but the deficiency is no proof that they were composed at different times or by different hands.
An diesem Maßstab gemessen erscheinen mehrere der platonischen Dialoge nach unseren modernen Vorstellungen mangelhaft, aber der Mangel ist kein Beweis dafür, dass sie zu verschiedenen Zeiten oder von verschiedenen Händen verfasst wurden.
And the supposition that the Republic was written uninterruptedly and by a continuous effort is in some degree confirmed by the numerous references from one part of the work to another.
Und die Annahme, dass die Republik ununterbrochen und in einem fortlaufenden Bemühen verfasst wurde, wird in gewissem Maße durch die zahlreichen Verweise von einem Teil des Werkes auf einen anderen bestätigt.
The second title, 'Concerning Justice,' is not the one by which the Republic is quoted, either by Aristotle or generally in antiquity, and, like the other second titles of the Platonic Dialogues, may therefore be assumed to be of later date.
Der zweite Titel ‚Über die Gerechtigkeit' ist nicht derjenige, unter dem die Republik zitiert wird, weder von Aristoteles noch allgemein in der Antike, und kann daher, wie die anderen zweiten Titel der platonischen Dialoge, als späteren Datums angesehen werden.
Morgenstern and others have asked whether the definition of justice, which is the professed aim, or the construction of the State is the principal argument of the work.
Morgenstern und andere haben gefragt, ob die Definition der Gerechtigkeit, die das erklärte Ziel ist, oder die Konstruktion des Staates das Hauptargument des Werkes darstellt.
The answer is, that the two blend in one, and are two faces of the same truth; for justice is the order of the State, and the State is the visible embodiment of justice under the conditions of human society.
Die Antwort lautet, dass die beiden in eins verschmelzen und zwei Seiten derselben Wahrheit sind; denn die Gerechtigkeit ist die Ordnung des Staates, und der Staat ist die sichtbare Verkörperung der Gerechtigkeit unter den Bedingungen der menschlichen Gesellschaft.
The one is the soul and the other is the body, and the Greek ideal of the State, as of the individual, is a fair mind in a fair body.
Das eine ist die Seele und das andere ist der Körper, und das griechische Ideal des Staates, wie auch des Einzelnen, ist ein klarer Geist in einem schönen Körper.
In Hegelian phraseology the state is the reality of which justice is the idea.
In der Hegelschen Terminologie ist der Staat die Wirklichkeit, deren Idee die Gerechtigkeit ist.
Vocabulary
- diesem
- Demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' (dative)
- Maßstab
- A standard or scale used for measurement
- gemessen
- Measured or judged against a standard
- erscheinen
- To appear or seem to be something
- mehrere
- Several or multiple things or persons
- platonischen
- Relating to the philosopher Plato's works
- Dialoge
- Dialogues, written conversations between characters
- nach
- According to, or after, depending on context
- modernen
- Modern, relating to contemporary times or ideas
- Vorstellungen
- Ideas, conceptions, or mental representations
- mangelhaft
- Deficient, flawed, or lacking in some quality
- aber
- But, however; a coordinating conjunction
- Mangel
- A deficiency, lack, or shortcoming in something
- kein
- No, not a; negating article or pronoun
- Beweis
- Proof or evidence supporting a claim
- dafür
- For that, in support of that argument
- dass
- That; subordinating conjunction introducing a clause
- verschiedenen
- Various, different, or diverse (inflected adjective)
- Zeiten
- Times, periods, or eras in history
- Händen
- Hands; here meaning different authors' hands
- verfasst
- Written or composed by an author
- wurden
- Were; past passive auxiliary form of 'werden'
- Annahme
- Assumption or hypothesis accepted without full proof
- Republik
- Republic; refers here to Plato's work
- ununterbrochen
- Uninterrupted, continuous without any break
- fortlaufenden
- Ongoing, continuous, or progressive in nature
- Bemühen
- Effort or endeavor toward a particular goal
- wurde
- Was; past tense passive or narrative form
- wird
- Will be or becomes; present tense of 'werden'
- gewissem
- A certain (dative); indicating a degree of something
- Maße
- Measure, extent, or degree of something
- durch
- Through, by means of; common preposition
- zahlreichen
- Numerous, many (inflected adjective)
- Verweise
- References or cross-references pointing to other material
- Teil
- Part or section of a larger whole
- Werkes
- Of the work; referring to a literary text
- auf
- On, onto, to; versatile German preposition
- anderen
- Another, other; referring to a different one
- bestätigt
- Confirmed or verified as true or accurate
- zweite
- Second; ordinal number referring to order
- Titel
- Title of a book, work, or person
- Über
- About, over, concerning; German preposition
- Gerechtigkeit
- Justice, fairness as a moral or legal concept
- derjenige
- That one; demonstrative pronoun referring back
- unter
- Under, among, beneath; German preposition
- zitiert
- Cited or quoted from a source or text
- weder
- Neither; used in 'weder…noch' construction
- Aristoteles
- Aristotle; ancient Greek philosopher and scholar
- noch
- Nor, still, yet; used in negation or continuation
- allgemein
- Generally, in general, commonly used or accepted
- Antike
- Antiquity; the ancient Greek and Roman era
- kann
- Can, is able to; modal verb of ability
- daher
- Therefore, hence; indicating a logical conclusion
- wie
- Like, as, how; comparative or question word
- zweiten
- Second (inflected); referring to ordinal position
- als
- As, than, when; comparison or temporal conjunction
- späteren
- Later, more recent in time (inflected)
- Datums
- Of a date; referring to time of composition
- angesehen
- Regarded or considered as something specific
- werden
- To become or will be; auxiliary/full verb
- Morgenstern
- Morning star; also a proper name (scholar)
- andere
- Others, other people or things
- haben
- To have; common auxiliary and main verb
- gefragt
- Asked or questioned about something specific
- ob
- Whether; subordinating conjunction for indirect questions
- Definition
- Definition; an explanation of a word's meaning
- erklärte
- Stated or declared; past tense of 'erklären'
- Ziel
- Goal, aim, or objective of an action
- Konstruktion
- Construction or building of something conceptual
- Staates
- Of the state; genitive of 'Staat' (state)
- Hauptargument
- Main argument or central point of a discussion
- darstellt
- Represents or constitutes something in a context
- Antwort
- Answer or response to a question
- lautet
- Reads, states, or goes (as a formulation)
- beiden
- Both; referring to two things together
- eins
- One; the number one or unity
- verschmelzen
- To merge or fuse into a single whole
- Seiten
- Sides, pages, or aspects of something
- derselben
- Of the same; genitive of 'derselbe'
- Wahrheit
- Truth; the quality of being true or real
- denn
- For, because; explanatory coordinating conjunction
- Ordnung
- Order, structure, or organization of a system
- Staat
- State or nation as a political entity
- sichtbare
- Visible, perceptible to the eye (inflected)
- Verkörperung
- Embodiment or personification of an abstract idea
- Bedingungen
- Conditions or requirements for something to occur
- menschlichen
- Human (inflected adjective); relating to humanity
- Gesellschaft
- Society or social community of people
- Seele
- Soul; the spiritual or inner essence of a person
- Körper
- Body; the physical form of a living being
- griechische
- Greek (inflected adjective); relating to Greece
- Ideal
- Ideal; a perfect standard or model to achieve
- auch
- Also, too, even; additive particle
- Einzelnen
- The individual; referring to a single person
- klarer
- Clear, lucid (inflected); easily understood or seen
- Geist
- Mind, spirit, or intellect of a person
- schönen
- Beautiful, lovely (inflected adjective form)
- Hegelschen
- Hegelian; relating to Hegel's philosophy
- Terminologie
- Terminology; specialized vocabulary of a field
- Wirklichkeit
- Reality; the actual state of the world
- deren
- Whose, of which; genitive relative pronoun
- Idee
- Idea or concept in thought or philosophy
Unlock audio playback, vocabulary games, and reading progress tracking.
Create free account →