The Scarlet Letter — Page 7

Vocabulary

入口

iriguchi — Entrance; the place where one enters a building.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

上

ue — Above; top; upper position or surface.

に

ni — Particle indicating location, direction, or time.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the sentence subject.

巨大

kyodai — Gigantic; enormous in size or scale.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

アメリカ

Amerika — America; referring to the United States of America.

鷲

washi — Eagle; large bird of prey with powerful talons.

標本

hyōhon — Specimen; preserved sample for display or study.

が

ga — Subject marker particle identifying the grammatical subject.

舞い

mai — Dance; graceful soaring or sweeping movement.

翼

tsubasa — Wings; appendages used by birds for flight.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating the direct object.

広げ

hiroge — Spread out; extend wings or arms wide open.

胸

mune — Chest; the front part of the upper body.

前

mae — Front; in front of something or someone.

盾

tate — Shield; defensive armor held to block attacks.

持ち

mochi — Holding; carrying something in one's possession.

もし

moshi — If; conditional word introducing a hypothetical situation.

私

watashi — I; first-person singular pronoun in Japanese.

記憶

kioku — Memory; the ability to recall past experiences.

正しけれ

tadashikere — Conditional form of correct; if one is right.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning if or when something occurs.

それぞれ

sorezore — Each; respectively; every one individually.

鉤爪

kagizume — Talon; hooked claw of a bird of prey.

雷光

raikō — Lightning bolt; flash of light from thunder.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle connecting words or clauses.

入り混じっ

irimajit(te) — Mixed together; intermingled in a confused manner.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary indicating completed action.

束

taba — Bundle; a gathered group of things tied together.

握っ

nigit(te) — Gripping; holding tightly in one's fist.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential or simultaneous actions.

いる

iru — To be; indicates ongoing state or action.

この

kono — This; demonstrative adjective referring to nearby thing.

不幸

fukō — Unhappy; misfortune; an unfortunate circumstance or creature.

鳥

tori — Bird; a feathered, winged animal.

特有

tokuyū — Peculiar to; characteristic or unique to something.

気性

kishō — Temperament; natural disposition or character of a being.

弱さ

yowasa — Weakness; lack of strength or resilience.

もっ

mot(te) — Having; possessing a quality or characteristic.

彼女

kanojo — She; her; third-person feminine singular pronoun.

その

sono — That; demonstrative adjective for something previously mentioned.

嘴

kushibashi — Beak; bill; the hard pointed mouth of a bird.

目

me — Eye; organ of sight; also means look or gaze.

凶暴

kyōbō — Ferocious; savage; violently fierce in nature.

さ

sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives to express degree or quality.

そして

soshite — And then; furthermore; connecting related statements together.

全体的

zentaiteki — Overall; general; relating to the whole entirety.

態度

taido — Attitude; manner; one's bearing or behavioral disposition.

好戦性

kōsensei — Belligerence; aggressive tendency toward conflict or fighting.

よっ

yot(te) — By means of; due to; because of something.

無害

mugai — Harmless; causing no injury or damage to others.

市民

shimin — Citizen; ordinary member of a community or city.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix added to nouns indicating a group.

害

gai — Harm; damage; injury caused to a person or thing.

与えよ

ataeyō — Volitional form of give; intending to inflict harm.

う

u — Volitional auxiliary expressing intention or conjecture.

脅し

odoshi — Threat; intimidation; act of frightening someone.

特に

toku ni — Especially; in particular; more so than others.

自ら

mizukara — Oneself; personally; by one's own effort.

安全

anzen — Safety; being free from danger or harm.

気

ki — Spirit; feeling; mood; attention or concern.

かける

kakeru — To apply; to be concerned about; to hang.

すべて

subete — Everything; all; every single thing or person.

対し

taishi — Toward; against; in relation to something.

で

de — Particle indicating location of action or means used.

覆う

ōu — To cover; to spread over an entire surface.

敷地

shikichi — Premises; grounds; land on which a building stands.

立ち入ら

tachiira — To enter; to trespass onto restricted property.

ぬ

nu — Classical negative auxiliary meaning not; do not.

よう

yō — In order to; so that; indicating purpose or manner.

警告

keikoku — Warning; caution; an official notice of danger.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of suru; and; listing reasons.

見える

mieru — To appear; to seem; to be visible.

それでも

soredemo — Even so; nevertheless; despite that fact.

意地悪

ijiwaru — Mean-spirited; spiteful; nasty in character or behavior.

そう

sō — Seeming; looking like; appearing to be that way.

外見

gaiken — Outward appearance; how something looks on the outside.

も

mo — Also; even; too; inclusive particle adding items.

かかわらず

kakawarazu — Despite; regardless of; notwithstanding a given circumstance.

瞬間

shunkan — Moment; instant; a very brief point in time.

多く

ōku — Many; much; a large number or quantity.

人々

hitobito — People; the general public; many individuals collectively.

連邦

renpō — Federation; federal; a union of states under one government.

下

shita — Below; under; beneath something in position.

身

mi — Body; oneself; one's physical person or being.

寄せよ

yoseyo — Draw near; press close; imperative to approach.

おそらく

osoraku — Probably; perhaps; most likely in one's estimation.

彼ら

karera — They; them; third-person plural pronoun.

枕

makura — Pillow; cushion used to support the head while sleeping.

柔らか

yawaraka — Soft; gentle; tender in texture or manner.

居心地

igokochi — Comfort level; how comfortable one feels in a place.

良さ

yosa — Goodness; quality of being good or pleasant.

持つ

motsu — To hold; to have; to possess something.

想像

sōzō — Imagination; the act of picturing something in mind.

だろう

darō — Probably; likely; expressing conjecture or supposition.

しかし

shikashi — However; but; introducing a contrasting statement.

最も

mottomo — Most; the highest degree of a quality.

機嫌

kigen — Mood; temper; one's current emotional disposition.

良い

yoi — Good; fine; favorable in quality or condition.

とき

toki — Time; when; a particular moment or occasion.

さえ

sae — Even; as long as; minimal condition particle.

さほど

sahodo — Not so very; not particularly; to that extent.

優しく

yasashiku — Kindly; gently; in a tender or gentle manner.

なく

naku — Without being; negative adverbial form of nai.

遅かれ早かれ

osokare hayakare — Sooner or later; eventually; at some point inevitably.

早い

hayai — Early; fast; quick; occurring before expected time.

方

hō — Direction; side; alternative; the one or way.

だ

da — Copula; plain form of is or are.

引っ掻き

hikkaki — Scratching; clawing; scraping with nails or talons.

つつき

tsutsuki — Pecking; poking repeatedly with a beak or sharp object.

あるいは

aruiwa — Or; alternatively; introducing another possibility.

じくじく

jikujiku — Oozing; festering; describing a sore that seeps liquid.

痛む

itamu — To ache; to hurt; to feel pain.

傷

kizu — Wound; scratch; injury on the body surface.

与え

atae — Giving; inflicting; providing something to someone.

雛鳥

hinatori — Chick; young bird; a baby bird newly hatched.

追い払い

oiharai — Driving away; chasing off; expelling someone forcibly.

がち

gachi — Prone to; tending to do something habitually.

ある

aru — To exist; there is; to have something.

上述

jōjutsu — Above-mentioned; previously stated; referred to earlier.

建物

tatemono — Building; structure; a constructed architectural edifice.

港

minato — Harbor; port; a place where ships dock.

税関

zeikan — Customs office; government agency controlling imports and exports.

今すぐ

imasugu — Right now; immediately; without any delay.

名付け

nazuke — Naming; giving a name to something or someone.

しまっ

shimat(te) — Completed regrettably; done; finishing an action finally.

よい

yoi — Good; it would be good to do something.

周囲

shūi — Surroundings; perimeter; the area around something.

舗道

hodō — Pavement; paved road or sidewalk surface.

隙間

sukima — Gap; crack; a small space between objects.

十分

jūbun — Sufficient; enough; adequate amount for a purpose.

草

kusa — Grass; weeds; low-growing green vegetation.

生え

hae — Growing; sprouting; plants coming up from the ground.

おり

ori — Being; existing; polite form of iru.

近頃

chikagoro — Recently; lately; in the recent period of time.

人

hito — Person; human being; an individual.

商用

shōyō — Commercial use; business purpose; for trade or commerce.

訪れ

otozure — Visit; arrival; coming to a place or person.

擦り減らさ

surinherasa — Worn down; eroded by repeated friction or use.

れ

re — Passive auxiliary suffix indicating being acted upon.

様子

yōsu — Appearance; situation; how things seem or look.

ない

nai — Not; there is no; negation of existence or action.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer turning verbs into noun phrases.

示し

shimeshi — Showing; indicating; demonstrating or revealing something.

年

nen — Year; annual period of twelve months.

うち

uchi — Within; among; inside a period or group.

月

tsuki / gatsu — Month; moon; a lunar or calendar month.

物事

monogoto — Things; matters; affairs in general.

より

yori — Than; more than; compared to something else.

活気

kakki — Liveliness; vigor; energetic and bustling atmosphere.

足取り

ashidori — Gait; pace; the manner in which one walks.

進む

susumu — To advance; to proceed; to move forward.

午前中

gozenchu — During the morning; throughout the AM hours.

訪れる

otozureru — To visit; to come to a place or person.

しばしば

shibashiba — Often; frequently; happening many times repeatedly.