The Scarlet Letter — Page 8

Vocabulary

そのような

sono you na — of that kind; such a type

折には

ori ni wa — on the occasion of; at such a time

年老いた

toshi oita — aged; having grown old

市民は

shimin wa — as for the citizens; the townspeople

最後の

saigo no — the last; the final

戦争

sensou — war; armed conflict between nations

以前の

izen no — previous; former; before that time

あの

ano — that (over there); those days

時代を

jidai wo — era; age; period of history

思い起こす

omoikosu — to recall; to call back to memory

かもしれない

kamo shirenai — might; may; perhaps it is so

それ自体として

sore jitai to shite — in and of itself; as such

一つの

hitotsu no — one; a single (item or place)

港で

minato de — at the port; in the harbor

あった

atta — was; existed (past tense of ある)

頃の

koro no — around the time of; during that period

ことを

koto wo — the fact that; the matter of

今日の

kyou no — today's; of the present day

ように

you ni — in the manner of; like; as if

自らの

mizukara no — one's own; by oneself

商人や

shounin ya — merchants and; traders and others

船主たちに

senshutachi ni — by the shipowners; to the ship owners

蔑まれる

sagesumarareru — to be looked down upon; to be scorned

ことも

koto mo — also the fact that; even the matter of

なく

naku — without; not having; lacking

彼らは

karera wa — they; those people (as topic)

商業の

shougyou no — of commerce; relating to trade

大きな

ooki na — large; great; big in scale

奔流を

honryuu wo — rushing current; torrent of activity

無用にも

muyou ni mo — needlessly; uselessly; to no purpose

気づかぬ

kidzukanu — without noticing; unaware of

うちに

uchi ni — while; during; before one realizes

膨らませる

fukuramaseru — to swell; to inflate; to expand

べく

beku — in order to; so as to (literary)

事業を

jigyou wo — business; enterprise; undertaking

進めながら

susumenagara — while advancing; while carrying on business

埠頭が

futou ga — the wharf; the pier; the quay

朽ちる

kuchiru — to rot; to decay; to fall into ruin

に

ni — particle indicating direction, time, or state

まかせて

makasete — leaving to; entrusting; letting happen

いるのだ

iru no da — is (emphatic); it is the case that

朝の

asa no — of the morning; morning's

こと

koto — thing; matter; fact; occasion

三隻か

sanseki ka — three vessels or; three ships or so

四隻の

yonseki no — four vessels; four ships

船が

fune ga — ship; vessel (as grammatical subject)

偶然

guuzen — by chance; accidentally; coincidentally

一度に

ichido ni — all at once; simultaneously; at one time

入港する

nyuukou suru — to enter port; to arrive at harbor

時

toki — time; moment; occasion

たいていは

taitei wa — usually; generally; for the most part

から

kara — from; since; because (particle)

あるいは

aruiwa — or; alternatively; either … or

そちらへ

sochira e — toward there; in that direction

向けて

mukete — heading toward; aimed at; directed to

出港

shukkou — departure from port; setting sail

しようと

shiyou to — intending to do; about to do

している

shite iru — is doing; in the state of doing

時には

toki ni wa — sometimes; at times; occasionally

花崗岩の

kakkougan no — of granite; made of granite stone

石段を

ishidan wo — stone steps; stone staircase

忙しく

isogashiku — busily; in a busy manner

行き来する

ikiki suru — to go back and forth; to come and go

幾多の

ikuta no — many; numerous; a great number of

足音が

ashioto ga — footsteps (as subject); sound of feet

聞こえて

kikoete — can be heard; audible; reaching one's ears

くる

kuru — to come; (auxiliary) to come to do

ここでは

koko de wa — here; in this place; at this location

自分の

jibun no — one's own; belonging to oneself

妻が

tsuma ga — wife (as grammatical subject)

出迎える

demukaeru — to go out to meet; to welcome someone

より

yori — than; more than; before (comparison)

先に

saki ni — before; ahead; earlier than

あなたは

anata wa — you (as topic); as for you

船長に

senchou ni — to the captain; the ship's captain

挨拶する

aisatsu suru — to greet; to exchange salutations

ことが

koto ga — the fact that (subject marker)

できる

dekiru — to be able to; can do

潮風に

shiokaze ni — by the sea breeze; in the salt wind

顔を

kao wo — face (as object); one's face

赤らめた

akarameta — flushed; reddened (by weather or emotion)

船長が

senchou ga — the captain (as grammatical subject)

くすんだ

kusunda — dull; tarnished; dingy in color

ブリキの

buriki no — made of tin; tin (material)

箱に

hako ni — in a box; inside a container

入れた

ireta — put in; placed inside; stored

船の

fune no — of the ship; the ship's

書類を

shorui wo — documents; papers; official records

脇に

waki ni — at one's side; under one's arm

抱え

kakae — holding; carrying under the arm

入港した

nyuukou shita — arrived at port; just entered harbor

ばかりで

bakari de — having just done; only just arrived

いる

iru — to be; to exist (animate beings)

ここには

koko ni wa — here also; at this place (topic)

また

mata — also; again; furthermore

持ち主も

mochinushi mo — the owner too; the proprietor also

やって

yatte — doing; coming (auxiliary verb form)

来る

kuru — to come; to arrive

上機嫌か

joukigen ka — in good humor or; cheerful or

沈鬱か

chin'utsu ka — gloomy or; melancholy or depressed

愛想よくか

aisou yoku ka — amiably or; in a friendly manner or

不機嫌にか

fukigen ni ka — ill-temperedly or; in a bad mood

それは

sore wa — that; as for that; it depends on

今し方

ima shi kata — just now; a moment ago

終えた

oeta — finished; completed; concluded

航海の

koukai no — of the voyage; the sea journey's

目論見が

mokuromi ga — plan; scheme; intended purpose

容易に

youi ni — easily; readily; without difficulty

金に

kane ni — into money; to cash; as profit

換えられる

kaerareru — can be exchanged; convertible into money

商品として

shouhin to shite — as merchandise; in the form of goods

実を結んだか

mi wo musunda ka — bore fruit or; yielded results or not

誰も

dare mo — nobody; no one; not anyone

引き取ろうと

hikitorou to — intending to take; willing to accept

しない

shinai — does not do; will not do

不便な

fuben na — inconvenient; unwieldy; difficult to handle

荷物の

nimotsu no — of baggage; of cargo; goods'

山に

yama ni — into a pile; a mountain of things

埋もれて

umorete — buried in; submerged under; overwhelmed by

しまったか

shimatta ka — ended up doing; unfortunately resulted in

によって

ni yotte — depending on; according to; due to

異なる

kotonaru — to differ; to vary; to be different

のである

no de aru — it is that; (explanatory/emphatic ending)

同様に

dousama ni — similarly; in the same way; likewise

しわ深い

shiwa fukai — deeply wrinkled; heavily creased with age

額と

hitai to — forehead and; brow and

灰色の

haiiro no — gray; ash-colored

顎鬚を

agohige wo — chin beard; goatee (as object)

持ち

mochi — having; possessing; bearing

苦労に

kurou ni — by hardship; worn by toil

疲れた

tsukareta — tired; worn out; exhausted

商人の

shounin no — of a merchant; a trader's

卵として

tamago to shite — as an egg; as a budding example of

利発な

rippatsuna — clever; bright; sharp-witted

若い

wakai — young; youthful

書記も

shoki mo — the clerk too; the scrivener also

彼は

kare wa — he; as for him (topic marker)

狼の

ookami no — of a wolf; a wolf's

子が

ko ga — young one; cub; child (as subject)

血の

chi no — of blood; blood's; blood-related

味を

aji wo — taste; flavor (as object)

覚える

oboeru — to learn; to acquire a taste for

商売の

shoubai no — of business; of trade

醍醐味を

daigomi wo — the true essence; the real thrill of

知り

shiri — knowing; having come to know

水車池で

suisha ike de — at the millpond; by the water mill pond

模型の

mokei no — model; miniature; scaled replica

船を

fune wo — ship; boat (as grammatical object)

走らせて

hashirasete — making run; sailing; setting in motion

いた

ita — was doing; existed (past continuous)

方が

hou ga — it would be better; the alternative of

よい

yoi — good; better; preferable

年頃で

toshigoro de — at an age when; of the age that

ありながら

arinagara — despite being; while still being

すでに

sudeni — already; by now; at this point

主人の

shujin no — master's; employer's; owner's

船に

fune ni — on the ship; in the vessel

投機を

touki wo — speculation; investment risk (as object)

乗せて

nosete — placing on; loading; putting aboard