The Scarlet Letter — Page 15

Vocabulary

이

i — This; used as a demonstrative pronoun or determiner

두

du — Two; a native Korean numeral

성실하고

seongssilhago — Being sincere and diligent; honest and hardworking

정력적인

jeongnyeokjeogin — Energetic; vigorous and full of vitality

사람들에

saramdeure — To or by people; referring to persons (dative)

의해

uihae — By means of; indicates agent or cause

마을의

maeului — Of the village; belonging to a town or community

가장

gajang — Most; the superlative adverb in Korean

이른

ireun — Early; occurring before the usual time

유아기와

yuagigwa — Infancy and; the period of early babyhood

어린

eorin — Young; small in age, childlike

시절에

sijeore — During one's days or period of life

깊이

gippi — Deeply; to a great depth or degree

뿌리내린

ppurinaerin — Rooted; firmly established or entrenched

가문은

gamun-eun — The family clan; a lineage or distinguished family

그

geu — That; a third-person pronoun or determiner

이후로

ihuro — Since then; from that time onward

줄곧

julgok — Continuously; all along without interruption

이곳에서

igoseseo — In this place; at or from this location

살아왔으며

sarawawsseuumyeo — Has been living; continued to reside over time

항상

hangsang — Always; at all times, constantly

존경받는

jongyeongbangneun — Respected; held in high esteem by others

위치를

wichireul — Position; a place or standing (object marker)

유지해

yujihae — Maintains; keeps something in a certain state

왔고

watgo — Has come and; continued state connected to next clause

내가

naega — I; first-person subject pronoun with subject marker

아는

aneun — Knowing; that one knows, a relative clause form

한

han — One; a numeral or the limit 'as far as'

단

dan — Only; merely, just one single case

명의

myeongui — Of (a) person; counter for people, possessive form

구성원으로도

guseonwoneuro do — Even as a member; not even one unworthy member

가문을

gamuneul — The family clan (object marker); one's lineage

욕되게

yokdoege — Shamefully; in a way that disgraces or dishonors

적이

jeogi — Ever; there has been a time (used in negation)

없었다

eopseotda — There was not; did not exist (past tense)

그러나

geureona — However; but, a contrastive conjunction

다른

dareun — Other; different, another kind or side

한편으로는

hanpyeoneun — On the other hand; from another perspective

처음

cheoeum — First; the beginning or initial stage

세대

sedae — Generation; a group of people born in same era

이후에는

ihue-neun — After that; following a certain point in time

기억할

gieokhal — To remember; worth remembering (future modifier form)

만한

manhan — Worth; deserving of, up to a certain standard

남기거나

namgige-ona — Leaving behind or; to leave a record or trace

주목을

jumogul — Attention; public notice or spotlight (object marker)

받을

badeul — To receive; future modifier form of 받다

주장을

jujangul — Claim or assertion; an argument put forward

내세운

naeseeun — Put forward; asserted or advocated (past modifier)

일도

ildo — Even the matter of; even doing such a thing

거의

geoui — Almost; nearly, hardly, scarcely

혹은

hogeun — Or; alternatively, either one or the other

전혀

jeonhyeo — Not at all; completely not, used with negatives

그들은

geudeureun — They; third-person plural pronoun with topic marker

점차

jeomcha — Gradually; little by little over time

시야에서

siyaeseo — From sight; out of one's field of vision

사라져

sarajyeo — Disappearing; fading away, vanishing

갔다

gatda — Went; past tense of 가다, to go

마치

machi — Just as; as if, like (used in similes)

거리

geori — Street; a road or distance between two points

곳곳의

gotgosui — Of everywhere; in various places throughout

낡은

nalgeun — Old and worn; dilapidated, aged and run-down

집들이

jipdeu-ri — Houses; plural of house (subject marker attached)

새로운

saeroun — New; fresh, recently made or arrived

흙이

heugi — Soil; earth or dirt (subject marker attached)

쌓이고

ssahigo — Piling up and; accumulating layer by layer

쌓여

ssahyeo — Piled up; accumulated, heaped (connective form)

중간까지

junggankkaji — Up to the middle; halfway up to a point

덮이게

deopige — To become covered; to be buried under something

되는

doeneun — Becoming; a present modifier form of 되다

것처럼

geotcheoreom — Like; just as something happens (simile marker)

백

baek — One hundred; the number 100

년이

nyeoni — Year; years (subject marker), a period of time

넘도록

neomdorok — For more than; exceeding, so as to surpass

아버지에서

abeojieseo — From father; originating from the father's side

아들로

adeullro — To son; passing down to the next generation

바다를

badareul — The sea; ocean (object marker attached)

따랐다

ddaratda — Followed; adhered to a path or tradition (past)

각

gak — Each; every individual one, respective

세대마다

sedaemada — Each generation; with every successive generation

백발의

baekbarui — White-haired; having gray or silver hair (possessive)

선장이

seonjangni — The captain; leader of a ship (subject marker)

떠나

tteona — Leaving; departing from a place (connective)

고향집으로

gohyangjibeullo — To one's hometown house; returning to birthplace home

돌아가는

doraganeun — Returning; going back (present modifier form)

동안

dongan — During; for a period of time, while

열네

yeolne — Fourteen; the number 14 in native Korean

살의

sarui — Of age; years old (possessive marker)

소년이

sonyeoni — The boy; a young male (subject marker attached)

앞에서

apeseo — In front of; at the fore of something

대를

The succession; lineage to be carried on (object)

이어

ieo — Continuing; carrying on, succeeding (connective form)

자리를

jarireul — The position; a seat or role (object marker)

맡아

mata — Taking charge of; assuming a role (connective)

아버지와

abeojigwa — Father and; together with one's father

할아버지를

harabeojireul — Grandfather (object marker); paternal grandfather

향해

hyanghae — Toward; in the direction of something

짠

jjan — Salty; having the taste of salt

파도와

padowa — Waves and; ocean waves (with conjunction)

강풍에

gangpunge — In the strong wind; fierce gale (locative marker)

맞섰다

Stood against; faced and resisted (past tense)

소년

sonyeon — Boy; a young male person

역시

yeoksi — Also; likewise, as expected, too

때가

ttaega — The time; when the moment comes (subject marker)

되면

doemyeon — When it becomes; if the time comes

올라가

ollaga — Going up; moving to a higher position (connective)

많은

maneun — Many; a large number or amount of

시절을

sijeoreul — One's days or period (object marker); a life phase

보내고

bonaego — Spending time and; passing through a period

세상을

sesangeul — The world (object marker); all of society or earth

떠돌다

tteodolda — To wander; roaming about without a fixed place

돌아와

dorawa — Returning; coming back (connective form)

늙어

neulkeo — Growing old; aging (connective form of 늙다)

죽어

jugeo — Dying; to die (connective form of 죽다)

자신의

jasinui — One's own; belonging to oneself (possessive)

먼지를

meonjireul — Dust (object marker); fine particles of matter

태어난

taeeonan — Born; the place or time of one's birth (modifier)

고향

gohyang — Hometown; one's place of birth or origin

땅과

ttanggwa — Land and; soil or ground (with conjunction)

섞었다

seokgeotda — Mixed; blended together into the earth (past tense)

가문이

gamuni — The family clan (subject marker); one's lineage

태어나고

taeeonago — Being born and; coming into existence (connective)

묻히는

mudineun — Being buried; interred in the ground (modifier)

장소로서

jangsoroseo — As a place; in the capacity of a location

곳과

gotgwa — Place and; a spot or location (with conjunction)

오랫동안

oraetdongan — For a long time; over an extended period

이어져

ieojyeo — Connected; continuing on, linked together (connective)

온

on — That has come; entire or all (modifier form)

인연은

inyeoneun — The connection or bond; a fateful tie or relationship

그를

geureul — Him (object marker); third-person male pronoun

둘러싼

dulleossan — Surrounding; encircling, that which envelops (modifier)

경치나

gyeongchina — Scenery or; landscape, natural views (with 'or')

도덕적

dodeokjeok — Moral; relating to ethics or moral principles

환경의

hwangyeongui — Of the environment; surroundings or circumstances

매력과는

maeryeokgwaneun — With charm; the appeal or attraction (topic contrast)

무관하게

mugwanhage — Regardless of; unrelated to, independently of

인간과

ingangwa — Human beings and; mankind (with conjunction)

지역

jiyeok — Region; a local area or district

사이에

saie — Between; in the space or relationship between things

일종의

iljongui — A kind of; a type or sort of (possessive)

관계를

gwangyereul — Relationship (object marker); a connection or bond

만들어낸다

mandeureonaenda — Creates; produces or generates something (present)

그것은

geugeoson — That is; it is (topic marker), referring to something

사랑이

sarangi — Love (subject marker); deep affection or attachment

아니라

anira — Not; it is not, used before a contrast

본능이다

bonneungida — It is instinct; an innate natural impulse