The Scarlet Letter — Page 1

Vocabulary

ตราบาป

traa baap — A mark of shame or disgrace; stigma

โดย

doi — By; used to indicate authorship or means

มีภาพประกอบ

mii phaap prakaup — Having illustrations; illustrated with pictures

ภาพประกอบ

phaap prakaup — Illustration; picture accompanying a text

อดีต

a-diit — Former; past; previously existing

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or phrases

ลิขสิทธิ์

lik-ka-sit — Copyright; legal right over creative works

สงวน

sa-nguan — Reserved; preserved; protected from use

ทุก

thuk — Every; all; each without exception

ประการ

pra-kaan — Aspect; respect; way; used in formal expressions

ตุลาคม

tu-laa-khom — October; the tenth month of the year

คำนำ

kham nam — Preface; introduction at the start of a book

สำหรับ

sam-rap — For; intended for a specific purpose or person

ฉบับ

cha-bap — Edition; copy; version of a publication

พิมพ์

phim — To print; to publish in printed form

ครั้ง

khrang — Time; occasion; instance of an event

ที่

thii — That; which; also used as ordinal marker

สอง

sawng — Two; the number 2

ผู้ประพันธ์

phuu pra-phan — Author; person who writes literary works

รู้สึก

ruu-suek — To feel; to sense an emotion or sensation

ประหลาดใจ

pra-laat jai — Surprised; astonished; feeling unexpected wonder

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as something

อย่าง

yaang — Way; manner; kind; used before adjectives for degree

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more; extremely; to a greater degree

หาก

haak — If; in the event that; conditional conjunction

จะ

ja — Will; shall; future tense marker in Thai

กล่าว

klaau — To say; to state; to mention formally

เช่นนั้น

chen nan — Like that; in that manner; such as that

ไม่

mai — Not; negation word used before verbs

ถือ

thue — To hold; to consider; to regard as something

การ

kaan — Noun-forming prefix indicating an action or process

ล่วงเกิน

luang koen — To overstep; to be presumptuous or offensive

เพิ่มเติม

phoem toem — Additional; supplementary; to add more to something

ขบขัน

khop khan — Amusing; funny; causing laughter or amusement

น้อย

noi — Little; few; small in amount

เมื่อ

muea — When; at the time that something occurred

พบ

phop — To find; to meet; to encounter

ว่า

waa — That; to say; complementizer in Thai sentences

บทความ

bot khwaam — Article; essay; written piece on a topic

บรรยาย

ban-yaai — To describe; to narrate; to give an account

ชีวิต

chii-wit — Life; existence; one's living experience

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or context

ราชการ

raat-cha-kaan — Government service; official civil service work

ของ

khaung — Of; belonging to; possessive particle in Thai

เขา

khao — He; she; him; her; third-person pronoun

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; relative pronoun connecting clauses

บทนำ

bot nam — Introduction; opening section of a written work

นั้น

nan — That; those; referring to something mentioned before

ได้

dai — Can; to be able to; past tense marker

ก่อ

kaw — To cause; to create; to bring about something

ให้

hai — To give; to let; to cause something to happen

เกิด

koet — To occur; to arise; to be born or created

ความ

khwaam — Noun-forming prefix indicating a state or feeling

ตื่นตระหนก

tuen tra-nok — Panic; alarm; sudden overwhelming fear or shock

เคย

khoei — Ever; used to; experienced before in the past

ปรากฏ

praa-kot — To appear; to become evident or visible

มา

maa — To come; directional particle indicating movement toward

ก่อน

kawn — Before; earlier; prior to a time or event

หมู่

muu — Group; community; among a collection of people

ผู้มี

phuu mii — Those who have; person possessing something

เกียรติ

kiat — Honor; prestige; respected standing in society

ชุมชน

chum-chon — Community; neighborhood; a local group of people

รอบ

rawp — Around; surrounding; in the vicinity of something

ข้าง

khaang — Side; beside; adjacent to something

โกลาหล

koo-laa-hon — Chaos; uproar; a state of noisy confusion

คง

khong — Probably; likely; to remain constant

กว่า

kwaa — More than; greater than; comparative particle

นี้

nii — This; these; referring to something nearby

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; after completing an action

เผา

phao — To burn; to set fire to something

ศุลก

sun-la-ka — Customs; relating to customs duty or office

สถาน

sa-thaan — Place; station; establishment or office building

ลง

long — Down; to go down; directional particle downward

จน

jon — Until; to the point of; up to a result

วอดวาย

waat-waai — Completely destroyed; burned to ashes; annihilated

ดับ

dap — To extinguish; to go out; to die as flame

ถ่าน

thaan — Charcoal; ember; burned remains of material

คุกรุ่น

khuk-run — Smoldering; glowing with suppressed heat or anger

อยู่

yuu — To be; to stay; continuous action marker

ชิ้น

chin — Piece; fragment; classifier for pieces of things

สุดท้าย

sut-thaai — Last; final; at the very end

ด้วย

duai — Also; with; by means of something

เลือด

lueat — Blood; the red fluid in living bodies

บุคคล

buk-khon — Person; individual; a human being formally referred to

อาวุโส

aa-wu-soo — Senior; of higher rank or age and experience

ท่าน

than — You (respectful); honorable person; formal pronoun

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; a; the number one

ถูก

thuuk — To be; passive marker; correct; cheaply priced

กล่าวหา

klaao haa — To accuse; to charge someone with wrongdoing

ผูก

phuuk — To bind; to tie; to attach or fasten

ใจ

jai — Heart; mind; inner feelings or emotions

เจ็บ

jep — To hurt; to feel pain physically or emotionally

อาฆาต

aa-khaat — To harbor grudge; to hold deep resentment

พยาบาท

pha-yaa-baat — Malice; vengeful hatred; desire to harm others

พิเศษ

phi-set — Special; exceptional; out of the ordinary

เนื่องจาก

nueang jaak — Because of; due to; as a result of something

ประณาม

pra-naam — To condemn; to denounce; to criticize harshly

จาก

jaak — From; away from; originating at a point

สาธารณชน

saa-thaa-ra-na-chon — The public; general public; members of society

ภาระ

phaa-ra — Burden; responsibility; heavy duty one must carry

หนัก

nak — Heavy; difficult; weighing a lot physically or emotionally

อึ้ง

ueng — Speechless; stunned; overwhelmed and unable to respond

ตน

ton — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to the subject

สมควร

som-khuan — Appropriate; deserving; fitting or right to receive

ได้รับ

dai rap — To receive; to obtain; to be given something

จึง

jueng — Therefore; so; consequently as a result

ขอ

khaw — To request; to ask for something politely

อนุญาต

a-nu-yaat — To permit; to allow; to give official permission

อ่าน

aan — To read; to look at and interpret text

ทบทวน

thop thuan — To review; to reconsider; to go over again

หน้า

naa — Page; face; front side of something

ละเอียด

la-iat — Detailed; thorough; fine and precise in nature

ถี่ถ้วน

thii thuan — Careful; thorough; paying close attention to detail

มี

mii — To have; there is; to possess something

จุดประสงค์

jut pra-song — Purpose; objective; intended goal of an action

เพื่อ

phuea — In order to; for the purpose of doing something

แก้ไข

kae-khai — To correct; to fix; to revise errors

หรือ

rue — Or; alternatively; used between choices

ลบ

lop — To delete; to erase; to remove something

ทิ้ง

thing — To discard; to abandon; to throw away

สิ่ง

sing — Thing; object; matter; anything in general

ใด

dai — Any; which; whatever; used in questions

ก็ตาม

kaw taam — Whatever; however; regardless of which thing

อาจ

aat — May; might; possibly; expressing possibility

เหมาะสม

maw som — Appropriate; suitable; fitting for the situation

ชดเชย

chot choei — To compensate; to make up for a loss

ผิดพลาด

phit phlaat — Mistake; error; something done incorrectly

ตัดสิน

tat sin — To judge; to decide; to make a judgment

กระทำ

kra-tham — To do; to perform; to carry out an action

ไป

pai — To go; away; directional particle moving from speaker

ดี

dii — Good; well; positive in quality or manner

ที่สุด

thii sut — Most; best; superlative degree marker in Thai

เท่าที่

thao thii — As much as; to the extent that possible

ทำได้

tham dai — Able to do; capable of performing a task

แต่

tae — But; however; yet; contrasting conjunction

กลับ

klap — To return; instead; unexpectedly doing the opposite

เห็น

hen — To see; to notice; to observe visually

ลักษณะ

lak-sa-na — Characteristic; feature; quality or nature of something

น่า

naa — Worth; worthy of; used before adjectives expressing feeling

สังเกต

sang-koet — To observe; to notice carefully; to pay attention

เพียง

phiang — Only; merely; just; nothing more than

อย่างเดียว

yaang diao — Only one way; solely; exclusively one thing

คือ

khue — Is; namely; used to define or explain something

ร่าเริง

raa-roeng — Cheerful; lively; happy and full of energy

เปิดเผย

poet phoei — Open; candid; to reveal or disclose openly

จริงใจ

jing jai — Sincere; honest; genuine in feelings and intentions

ถูกต้อง

thuuk tawng — Correct; accurate; right and proper

รวม

ruam — To include; to combine; to gather together

ถ่ายทอด

thaai thawt — To convey; to transmit; to pass on information

อัน

an — A classifier; which; that; used for various nouns

เกี่ยวกับ

kiao kap — About; concerning; related to a topic

ตัวละคร

tua la-khawn — Character; fictional person in a story or play

ไว้

wai — To keep; to store; to maintain for future use

ปฏิปักษ์

pa-ti-pak — Adversary; opponent; enemy or hostile party

แง่

ngae — Aspect; angle; perspective from which something is viewed

ร้าย

raai — Bad; evil; wicked; harmful in nature

ไม่ว่า

mai waa — Regardless of; whether or not; no matter what

เรื่อง

rueang — Story; matter; topic; subject of discussion

ส่วนตัว

suan tua — Personal; private; relating to an individual

การเมือง

kaan mueang — Politics; political affairs; governance of a state

ปฏิเสธ

pa-ti-set — To deny; to refuse; to reject a claim

แรงจูงใจ

raeng juung jai — Motivation; incentive; driving force behind actions

เหล่านั้น

lao nan — Those; referring to previously mentioned group of things

สิ้นเชิง

sin choeng — Completely; entirely; absolutely without exception