The Scarlet Letter — Page 8

Vocabulary

Những

Nhwung — Plural marker for nouns in Vietnamese

dịp

Yip — Occasion, opportunity, or chance for something

như

Nyuw — Like, as, or similar to something

vậy

Vay — So, thus, or in that manner

có

Kaw — To have or to exist

thể

Teh — Can, able to; used with 'có' for ability

gợi

Guh-i — To evoke, suggest, or bring to mind

cho

Chaw — To give or for; indirect object marker

người

Nguh-i — Person, people, or human being

dân

Zan — People, citizens, or the general populace

lớn

Lun — Big, large, or grown up in size

tuổi

Twoi — Age; years old in reference to age

nhớ

Nyuh — To remember or miss someone or something

lại

Lai — Again, back, or returning to previous state

thời

Thuh-i — Time period, era, or epoch

kỳ

Kee — Period, term, or phase of time

trước

Truh-uk — Before, previous, or in front of

cuộc

Kwok — Event, match, or ongoing activity noun classifier

chiến

Chyen — War, battle, or combat

tranh

Trang — Fight, struggle; used in 'chiến tranh' for war

cuối

Kwoi — Last, final, or end of something

cùng

Kung — Together, same, or at the same time

với

Vuh-i — With, together with another person or thing

nước

Nuh-uk — Water; also country or nation

Anh

Ang — England or Britain; also older brother

khi

Khi — When, at the time that something occurs

còn

Kon — Still, yet, or remaining; also 'and also'

là

La — To be; links subject to predicate

một

Mot — One; the number one or a single item

cảng

Kahng — Port or harbor for ships and boats

riêng

Ryeng — Separate, individual, or private

biệt

Byet — Distinct, separate, or different from others

không

Khong — Not, no; negation particle in Vietnamese

bị

Bi — Passive marker indicating unpleasant action done to subject

khinh

Khing — To look down on or despise someone

thường

Thuh-ung — Usually, normally; ordinary or common

bây

Bay — Now; used in 'bây giờ' meaning right now

giờ

Yuh — Hour or time; 'bây giờ' means now

bởi

Buh-i — By, because of, or due to

chính

Ching — Exactly, precisely, or the very; main, chief

thương

Thuh-ung — To love, pity; also merchant or trade

nhân

Nyan — Person, agent; used in compound words like merchant

và

Va — And; conjunction connecting words or phrases

chủ

Choo — Owner, master, or host of something

tàu

Tow — Ship, vessel, or large boat

của

Kwa — Of, belonging to; possessive particle

mình

Ming — Oneself, self; reflexive pronoun in Vietnamese

để

Deh — To, in order to; purpose marker

các

Kak — Plural marker for definite or specific nouns

bến

Ben — Dock, wharf, or bus/ferry terminal

thành

Tang — City, citadel; also to become something

phố

Foh — Street or city; used in 'thành phố' for city

mục

Muk — To rot or decay; section or category

nát

Nat — Rotten, decayed, or completely broken down

hoang

Hwang — Deserted, wild, or desolate

tàn

Tan — Remnants, ruins, or withered; faded away

trong

Trong — In, inside, within a place or period

công

Kong — Work, effort, or public; used in compounds

kinh

King — Capital city; also to be horrified or shocked

doanh

Zwang — Business, commerce; used in 'kinh doanh'

họ

Haw — They, them; third person plural pronoun

góp

Gop — To contribute or add to a collective effort

phần

Fan — Part, portion, or share of something

làm

Lam — To do, make, or work

phồng

Fong — To swell, puff up, or inflate

lên

Len — Up, upward, or rising direction

cách

Kach — Way, method, or manner of doing something

vô

Voh — Without, lacking; also to enter (southern dialect)

ích

Ik — Benefit, use, or usefulness

đáng

Dang — Worth, deserving, or appropriate for something

kể

Keh — To tell or recount; also considerable in amount

dòng

Zong — Stream, flow, or line of something

thác

Thak — Waterfall; cascade of water falling down

hùng

Hung — Powerful, mighty, or heroic

mạnh

Mang — Strong, powerful, or vigorous

ở

Uh — To be at, live at, or located somewhere

hay

Hay — Or; also often or frequently

Vào

Vow — To enter; into; at a specific time

buổi

Bwoi — Session or part of the day like morning

sáng

Sang — Morning; also bright or light

thế

Theh — So, thus; world; also that way or manner

ba

Ba — Three; the number three

hoặc

Hwak — Or; presenting an alternative option

bốn

Bon — Four; the number four

con

Kon — Child; classifier for animals and some objects

tình

Ting — Feeling, sentiment, love, or situation

cờ

Kuh — Flag; also chess game

đến

Den — To arrive at or come to a place

lúc

Luk — Time, moment, or point in time

từ

Tuh — From; since a starting point in time or place

châu

Chow — Continent or region; used in 'châu Phi'

Phi

Fi — Africa; used in 'châu Phi' meaning Africa

Nam

Nam — South; also Vietnam shorthand

Mỹ

Mi — America or United States of America

đang

Dang — Currently doing; present continuous tense marker

trên

Tren — On, above, or on top of something

bờ

Buh — Shore, bank, or edge of water

vực

Vuk — Cliff, abyss, or brink of something

khởi

Khuh-i — To start or begin something; initiate

hành

Hang — To act or travel; journey or action

về

Veh — About, regarding; also to return home

phía

Fya — Direction, side, or toward a direction

đó

Daw — That, there; referring to something previously mentioned

ta

Ta — We, us, or I; informal first person pronoun

nghe

Ngeh — To listen or hear sounds

thấy

Thay — To see or perceive; to feel or sense

tiếng

Tyeng — Sound, voice, or language

bước

Buh-uk — Step, stride; to step or walk

chân

Chan — Foot or leg; true or genuine

đi

Di — To go or walk; direction marker downward

xuống

Swong — Down, downward; to descend or go down

nhộn

Nyon — Lively, bustling, full of activity

nhịp

Nyip — Rhythm, beat, or lively pace

bậc

Bak — Step, stair, or level or rank

thang

Tang — Staircase, ladder, or scale

đá

Da — Stone, rock; also to kick

Nơi

Nuh-i — Place, location, or spot

đây

Day — Here, this place; nearby location

vợ

Vuh — Wife; female spouse

anh

Ang — Older brother; you (for older male)

kịp

Kip — In time, managing to do something just in time

chào

Chow — To greet or say hello to someone

đón

Don — To receive or welcome someone arriving

bạn

Ban — Friend; also you in informal address

gặp

Gap — To meet or encounter someone

vị

Vi — Polite classifier for respected persons; taste

thuyền

Thwen — Boat, small vessel on water

trưởng

Truh-ung — Chief, head, or captain of a group

làn

Lan — Lane, layer, or thin strip

da

Za — Skin or leather

đỏ

Daw — Red color

vì

Vi — Because, for the reason that

gió

Yo — Wind or breeze

biển

Byen — Sea or ocean

vừa

Vuh-a — Just, recently; also just right or fitting

vào

Vow — To enter or go into; into

kẹp

Kep — To clamp, clip, or squeeze between things

dưới

Zuh-i — Under, below, or beneath something

cánh

Kang — Wing, arm, or side panel

tay

Tay — Hand or arm

giấy

Yay — Paper or document

tờ

Tuh — Sheet classifier for paper or documents

đựng

Dung — To contain or hold something inside

chiếc

Chyek — Classifier for single objects like vehicles or boxes

hộp

Hop — Box or container

thiếc

Thyek — Tin metal; tin-plated material

đã

Da — Already; past tense marker in Vietnamese

màu

Mow — Color or hue of something

cũng

Kung — Also, too, as well

xuất

Swat — To appear, emerge, or export

hiện

Hyen — To appear or be present; current

vui

Vwi — Happy, joyful, or cheerful

vẻ

Veh — Appearance, look, or expression

niềm

Nyem — Feeling, sentiment; joy or inner emotion

nở

Nuh — To bloom, blossom, or open up cheerfully

tùy

Twi — Depending on, up to, or according to

theo

Thew — According to, following, or along with

kế

Keh — Plan, scheme, or next in sequence

hoạch

Hwak — Plan or scheme; used in 'kế hoạch'

chuyến

Chwyen — Trip, journey, or voyage

trình

Ching — To present or report; also level or stage

hoàn

Hwan — To complete, return, or restore fully

được

Duh-uk — To be able to; to receive or obtain

thực

Thuk — Real, true, or actual; to implement

hàng

Hang — Goods, merchandise, or row of things

hóa

Hwa — Goods, merchandise; also to transform into

dễ

Yeh — Easy or simple to do

dàng

Yang — Easily; used in 'dễ dàng' meaning easy

đổi

Doi — To exchange, change, or convert something

ra

Ra — Out, outward; to come out or result in

vàng

Vang — Gold; also yellow color

ông

Ong — Mr., grandfather; respectful term for older male

đống

Dong — Pile, heap, or stack of things

bất

But — Un-, not; negative prefix in compound words

tiện

Tyen — Convenient; 'bất tiện' means inconvenient

mà

Ma — But, yet, while; connective or contrastive particle

chẳng

Chang — Not at all; emphatic negative particle

ai

Ai — Who; anyone or someone

muốn

Mwon — To want or desire something

giúp

Yup — To help or assist someone

giải

Yai — To solve, release, or explain something

thoát

Thwat — To escape or free oneself from something

trán

Tran — Forehead

nhăn

Nyan — Wrinkled or furrowed (skin or brow)

râu

Row — Beard, mustache, or facial hair

hoa

Hwa — Flower; also floral pattern

mang

Mang — To carry or bear something

nặng

Nang — Heavy in weight or burden

lo

Law — To worry or be concerned about something

chàng

Chang — Young man or fellow; informal male reference

thư

Thuh — Letter, correspondence; also leisurely

ký

Ki — To sign; secretary or clerk

trẻ

Treh — Young in age

lợi

Luh-i — Beneficial, profitable, or advantageous

cảm

Kam — To feel or sense; emotion or feeling

nhận

Nyan — To receive, recognize, or perceive something

hương

Huh-ung — Fragrance, scent, or aroma

việc

Vyek — Work, task, or matter to be done

buôn

Bwon — To trade or deal in goods commercially

bán

Ban — To sell goods or products

chú

Choo — Uncle; also to pay attention to

sói

Soi — Wolf; also bald (informal)

nếm

Nem — To taste or sample food or drink

mùi

Mwi — Smell, odor, or flavor

máu

Mow — Blood

gửi

Guh-i — To send or entrust something to someone

phiêu

Fyew — Drifting, wandering; used in 'phiêu lưu'

lưu

Luh-u — To wander or flow; adventure

lẽ

Leh — Reason, logic; perhaps or should

nên

Nen — Should, ought to; therefore

chèo

Chew — To row a boat with oars

hình

Hing — Shape, form, or image

cái

Kai — Classifier for inanimate objects; thing

ao

Ow — Pond or small body of still water

xay

Say — To grind or mill grain

lúa

Lwa — Rice plant or paddy rice