The Social Cancer: A Complete English Version of Noli Me Tangere — Page 9

Vocabulary

Ceci

This; used to point to something nearby

en

In, on, or by; common preposition or pronoun

le

The; masculine singular definite article

transcripteur

Person who transcribes or copies written documents

dominicain

Dominican; relating to the Dominican religious order

du

Of the; masculine singular contracted article

document

Document; written or official record of information

a

Has; third person singular of avoir

ajouté

Added; past participle of ajouter

une

A, an; feminine singular indefinite article

note

Note; short written remark or annotation

très

Very; adverb of high degree

éclairante

Enlightening; shedding light or clarity on something

révélant

Revealing; present participle of révéler

l'

The; elided definite article before vowel

immuabilité

Immutability; quality of being unchanging or permanent

système

System; organized set of principles or structures

et

And; coordinating conjunction

montrant

Showing; present participle of montrer

que

That, what, which; subordinating conjunction or pronoun

les

The; plural definite article

dirigeants

Leaders, rulers; those in charge of governing

possédaient

Possessed, owned; imperfect tense of posséder

à

To, at, in; very common preposition

un

A, an; masculine singular indefinite article

degré

Degree; level or extent of something

superlatif

Superlative; highest degree or most extreme level

trait

Trait, feature; characteristic or distinguishing quality

de

Of, from; very common preposition

ne

Not; negative particle used with pas or other negatives

rien

Nothing; negative pronoun meaning nothing at all

apprendre

To learn; to acquire knowledge or skills

oublier

To forget; to fail to remember something

Même

Even, same; expressing identity or emphasis

lorsque

When; conjunction introducing a temporal clause

j'

I; first person singular subject pronoun elided

étais

Was; imperfect tense of être, first person singular

missionnaire

Missionary; person sent to spread religious faith

auprès

Among, with, near; preposition indicating proximity

des

Of the, some; plural contracted article

païens

Pagans; people who do not follow major religions

eus

Had; simple past tense of avoir, first person

occasion

Opportunity, occasion; a suitable time or chance

d'

Of, from; elided preposition before vowel

observer

To observe; to watch or notice carefully

ladite

Said, aforementioned; the feminine form of ledit

politique

Policy, politics; course of action or governance

informer

To inform; to give information or notify someone

chef

Chief, head; leader or person in command

la

The; feminine singular definite article

forteresse

Fortress; large fortified military structure

mesures

Measures; actions taken to achieve a goal

qu'

That, which; elided subordinating conjunction

il

He, it; third person masculine singular pronoun

devrait

Should; conditional tense of devoir

prendre

To take; to grab or undertake something

faire

To do, to make; very common versatile verb

fausse

False, fake; incorrect or deceptive feminine adjective

démonstration

Demonstration; display or show of something

autre

Other, another; referring to a different thing

côté

Side; one of two or more opposing directions

afin

In order to; expresses purpose, used with que or de

cela

That; demonstrative pronoun referring to something

n'

Not; elided negative particle before vowel

eût

Had; imperfect subjunctive of avoir

aucune

No, none; negative feminine adjective or pronoun

influence

Influence; power to affect or change something

sur

On, upon, over; common preposition of position

Ainsi

Thus, so; indicating a conclusion or result

se

Oneself; reflexive pronoun for third person

détache-t-il

Does it stand out; inverted form of se détacher

relief

Relief; prominence or contrast standing out clearly

saisissant

Striking, gripping; making a vivid strong impression

comme

As, like; comparison or manner conjunction

édifié

Built, edified; constructed or morally enlightened

maintenu

Maintained, kept; past participle of maintenir

par

By, through; preposition indicating agent or means

fraude

Fraud; deliberate deception for unfair gain

force

Force, strength; power used to compel or control

condamné

Condemned, doomed; sentenced or destined to fail

nature

Nature; the inherent character of things

choses

Things; plural of chose, general objects or matters

durer

To last, to endure; to continue over time

aussi

Also, too, as; used for comparison or addition

longtemps

For a long time; adverb of extended duration

tromperie

Deception, trickery; act of deceiving others

pourrait

Could; conditional tense of pouvoir

être

To be; fundamental linking verb

perpétuée

Perpetuated; continued or maintained indefinitely

répressive

Repressive; suppressing freedom or dissent forcibly

resterait

Would remain; conditional tense of rester

suffisamment

Sufficiently; to an adequate enough degree

puissante

Powerful; having great strength or authority

Son

His, her, its; third person singular possessive adjective

maintien

Maintenance, upkeep; act of keeping something going

exigeait

Required, demanded; imperfect tense of exiger

différentes

Different, various; not the same, plural feminine

sections

Sections; distinct parts or divisions of something

soient

Be; present subjunctive of être, plural

isolées

Isolated; kept separate or cut off from others

unes

Ones; feminine plural form used in les unes les autres

autres

Others; referring to additional or different people

puisse

Can, may; present subjunctive of pouvoir

développer

To develop; to grow or elaborate something

compréhension

Understanding; ability to grasp meaning or situation

commune

Common, shared; held or done together by all

ni

Nor, neither; negative coordinating conjunction

coopération

Cooperation; working together toward a shared goal

sa

His, her, its; feminine singular possessive adjective

pérennité

Perenniality; lasting or permanent continuance over time

dépendait

Depended; imperfect tense of dépendre

fait

Fact; something known to be true or done

maintenir

To maintain, keep; to hold in a certain state

peuple

People, nation; a group sharing common identity

dans

In, inside; preposition indicating location or state

ignorance

Ignorance; lack of knowledge or awareness

satisfait

Satisfied; content or pleased with one's situation

sort

Fate, lot; one's destiny or condition in life

tenu

Held, kept; past participle of tenir

sous

Under, beneath; preposition of position or subjection

contrôle

Control; authority or power over something

strict

Strict; rigorous, demanding exact compliance

peur

Fear; feeling of anxiety or dread

religieuse

Religious; relating to religion or faith

Pourtant

Yet, however; expressing contrast or concession

c'

It, this; elided demonstrative pronoun ce

était

Was, were; imperfect tense of être

immense

Immense; extremely large in size or extent

amélioration

Improvement; the act of making something better

rapport

Comparison, relation; connection or reference to something

leur

Their, them; third person plural possessive or pronoun

ancien

Former, ancient, old; relating to a previous time

mode

Mode, way; manner or method of doing something

vie

Life; the state of being alive

condition

Condition; state or circumstance of someone's life

s'

Oneself; elided reflexive pronoun before vowel

améliora

Improved; simple past tense of améliorer

mesure

Measure, extent; degree or proportion of something

ils

They; third person masculine plural subject pronoun

adaptèrent

Adapted; simple past tense of adapter

tel

Such, like; indicating similarity or a specific type