The Social Cancer: A Complete English Version of Noli Me Tangere — Page 6

Vocabulary

Vi

vi — There, in that place; also a pronoun meaning 'you' or 'there'.

era

era — Was; third person singular imperfect of 'essere'.

del

del — Of the; masculine singular contraction of 'di' and 'il'.

lavoro

la-vo-ro — Work, labor, employment, or job.

coatto

co-at-to — Forced, coerced, compulsory; done under constraint.

nel

nel — In the; masculine singular contraction of 'in' and 'il'.

taglio

ta-glio — Cutting, felling; act of cutting wood or timber.

legname

le-gna-me — Timber, lumber; wood used for construction or fuel.

e

e — And; basic coordinating conjunction joining words or clauses.

nella

nel-la — In the; feminine singular contraction of 'in' and 'la'.

costruzione

co-stru-zio-ne — Construction, building; the process of building something.

navale

na-va-le — Naval; relating to ships, the navy, or seafaring.

con

con — With; preposition indicating accompaniment or means.

servizio

ser-vi-zio — Service; duty, work performed for others or the state.

militare

mi-li-ta-re — Military; relating to armed forces or warfare.

forzato

for-za-to — Forced, compelled; done against one's will under coercion.

come

co-me — As, like, how; used for comparison or manner.

soldati

sol-da-ti — Soldiers; members of an army or military force.

per

per — For, through, by; preposition indicating purpose or means.

le

le — The; feminine plural definite article.

spedizioni

spe-di-zio-ni — Expeditions; organized journeys for exploration or conquest.

alle

al-le — To the; feminine plural contraction of 'a' and 'le'.

coste

co-ste — Coasts, shores; the land along the edge of the sea.

dell'

del-l' — Of the; contraction of 'di' and 'l'' before a vowel.

Asia

A-sia — Asia; the largest continent, spanning from the Middle East eastward.

ma

ma — But; conjunction indicating contrast or exception.

in

in — In, at; preposition indicating location or state.

nessun

nes-sun — No, none, not any; masculine singular negative adjective.

luogo

luo-go — Place, location, spot; a specific area or site.

indicibili

in-di-ci-bi-li — Unspeakable, indescribable; too extreme or horrible to express.

atrocità

a-tro-ci-tà — Atrocities; extremely wicked or cruel acts.

che

che — That, which, who; relative pronoun or conjunction.

Messico

Mes-si-co — Mexico; country in North America, conquered by Spain.

Sud

Sud — South; cardinal direction opposite to north.

America

A-me-ri-ca — America; the continents of North and South America.

spinsero

spin-se-ro — Pushed, drove, compelled; past tense of 'spingere'.

madri

ma-dri — Mothers; female parents.

a

a — To, at; preposition indicating direction, purpose, or location.

i

i — The; masculine plural definite article.

loro

lo-ro — Their, them, they; third person plural pronoun or adjective.

bambini

bam-bi-ni — Children, babies; young human offspring.

alla

al-la — At the, to the; feminine singular contraction of 'a' and 'la'.

nascita

na-sci-ta — Birth; the moment of being born.

intere

in-te-re — Entire, whole; complete, without any part missing.

tribù

tri-bù — Tribes; social groups sharing common ancestry or culture.

preferire

pre-fe-ri-re — To prefer; to choose one thing over another.

l'

l' — The; elided form of 'il' or 'la' before a vowel.

morte

mor-te — Death; the end of life.

lenta

len-ta — Slow; taking a long time, not fast.

nelle

nel-le — In the; feminine plural contraction of 'in' and 'le'.

miniere

mi-nie-re — Mines; underground excavations for extracting minerals or metals.

nei

nei — In the; masculine plural contraction of 'in' and 'i'.

recinti

re-cin-ti — Enclosures, pens; fenced areas for confining people or animals.

degli

de-gli — Of the; masculine plural contraction of 'di' and 'gli'.

schiavi

schia-vi — Slaves; people owned by and forced to work for others.

Diversamente

Di-ver-sa-men-te — Differently, unlike; in a different manner or way.

dal

dal — From the; masculine singular contraction of 'da' and 'il'.

caso

ca-so — Case, instance, situation; a particular occurrence or example.

dove

do-ve — Where; adverb indicating place or relative location.

isole

i-so-le — Islands; land masses completely surrounded by water.

distretti

di-stret-ti — Districts; administrative subdivisions of a region or country.

furono

fu-ro-no — Were; third person plural past tense of 'essere'.

spopolati

spo-po-la-ti — Depopulated; emptied of inhabitants, stripped of population.

portare

por-ta-re — To bring, to carry; to transport something from one place.

seguito

se-gui-to — Consequence, aftermath; that which follows as a result.

la

la — The; feminine singular definite article.

maledizione

ma-le-di-zio-ne — Curse; a solemn invocation of harm or misfortune upon someone.

della

del-la — Of the; feminine singular contraction of 'di' and 'la'.

schiavitù

schia-vi-tù — Slavery; the system of owning people as property.

dei

dei — Of the; masculine plural contraction of 'di' and 'i'.

neri

ne-ri — Black; referring here to enslaved Black Africans.

Filippine

Fi-lip-pi-ne — Philippines; archipelago in Southeast Asia colonized by Spain.

risulta

ri-sul-ta — Results, turns out; indicates a conclusion or finding.

popolazione

po-po-la-zio-ne — Population; the total number of inhabitants in an area.

indigena

in-di-ge-na — Indigenous, native; original inhabitants of a particular region.

aumentò

au-men-tò — Increased, grew; past tense of 'aumentare'.

realmente

re-al-men-te — Really, actually; in reality, truly.

il

il — The; masculine singular definite article.

tenore

te-no-re — Standard, level; as in 'tenore di vita' meaning standard of living.

di

di — Of, from; preposition indicating possession or origin.

vita

vi-ta — Life; the state of being alive, or one's way of living.

fu

fu — Was; third person singular past tense of 'essere'.

elevato

e-le-va-to — Elevated, raised; high in quality, status, or level.

sotto

sot-to — Under, beneath; below or subordinate to something.

severa

se-ve-ra — Severe, strict; rigorous, demanding, or harsh.

benefica

be-ne-fi-ca — Beneficial, benevolent; producing good or helpful effects.

tutela

tu-te-la — Guardianship, protection; oversight and care of a dependent group.

padri

pa-dri — Fathers; male parents or, here, Catholic missionary priests.

missionari

mis-sio-na-ri — Missionaries; people sent to spread religious faith abroad.

La

La — The; feminine singular definite article, capitalized at sentence start.

grande

gran-de — Great, large; significant in size, importance, or degree.

distanza

di-stan-za — Distance; the measure of space between two points.

difficoltà

dif-fi-col-tà — Difficulty, hardship; something hard to accomplish or endure.

viaggio

viag-gio — Journey, trip, voyage; travel from one place to another.

impedirono

im-pe-di-ro-no — Prevented, hindered; they stopped something from happening.

arrivo

ar-ri-vo — Arrival; the act of reaching a destination.

molti

mol-ti — Many; a large number of people or things.

avventurieri

av-ven-tu-rie-ri — Adventurers; people who seek risky or reckless undertakings.

irresponsabili

ir-re-spon-sa-bi-li — Irresponsible; lacking accountability or regard for consequences.

dalla

dal-la — From the; feminine singular contraction of 'da' and 'la'.

Spagna

Spa-gna — Spain; country on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe.

fortunatamente

for-tu-na-ta-men-te — Fortunately, luckily; in a favorable or lucky way.

Isole

I-so-le — Islands; here referring to the Philippine Islands specifically.

non

non — Not; adverb used to negate verbs or adjectives.

mai

mai — Never, ever; adverb indicating absence of occurrence.

scoperta

sco-per-ta — Discovery; the act of finding something previously unknown.

una

u-na — A, an; feminine singular indefinite article.

ricchezza

ric-chez-za — Wealth, richness; abundance of valuable resources or money.

mineraria

mi-ne-ra-ria — Mining; relating to the extraction of minerals from the earth.

Il

Il — The; masculine singular definite article, capitalized at sentence start.

sistema

si-ste-ma — System; an organized set of principles, rules, or methods.

governo

go-ver-no — Government; the authority that rules and administers a state.

sue

su-e — His, her, its; feminine plural possessive adjective.

caratteristiche

ca-rat-te-ri-sti-che — Characteristics, features; distinctive traits or qualities.

essenziali

es-sen-zia-li — Essential; fundamental, absolutely necessary or important.

semplice

sem-pli-ce — Simple; not complex, easy to understand or carry out.

I

I — The; masculine plural definite article, capitalized at sentence start.

sacerdoti

sa-cer-do-ti — Priests; ordained religious ministers who perform sacred rites.

raccoglievano

rac-co-glie-va-no — Gathered, collected; they brought together people or things.

attorno

at-tor-no — Around, surrounding; in a circle about something.

sé

sé — Themselves, oneself; reflexive pronoun used for emphasis.

gli

gli — The; masculine plural definite article used before vowels or certain consonants.

abitanti

a-bi-tan-ti — Inhabitants, residents; people who live in a particular place.

città

cit-tà — City, town; a large or important urban settlement.

villaggi

vil-lag-gi — Villages; small rural settlements or communities.

o

o — Or; conjunction indicating an alternative between two options.

fondavano

fon-da-va-no — Founded, established; they created new settlements or institutions.

nuovi

nuo-vi — New; recently made, not existing before.

insediamenti

in-se-dia-men-ti — Settlements; communities established in a new location.

abbondante

ab-bon-dan-te — Abundant, plentiful; present in great quantities.

uso

u-so — Use, usage; the act of employing something for a purpose.

simboli

sim-bo-li — Symbols; objects or signs representing something else.

simbolismo

sim-bo-lis-mo — Symbolism; the use of symbols to convey deeper meanings.

insegnavano

in-se-gna-va-no — Taught; they instructed or educated people in something.

al

al — To the; masculine singular contraction of 'a' and 'il'.

popolo

po-po-lo — People, folk; the general population of a nation or group.

Fede

Fe-de — Faith; religious belief and trust in God or doctrine.

ponendo

po-nen-do — Placing, putting; gerund of 'porre', emphasizing something.

particolare

par-ti-co-la-re — Particular, special; specific emphasis or special attention.

enfasi

en-fa-si — Emphasis; special stress or importance placed on something.

su

su — On, upon; preposition indicating position or topic.

timore

ti-mo-re — Fear, reverence; respectful awe or dread, especially of God.

Dio

Di-o — God; the supreme being in monotheistic religions.

così

co-sì — So, thus; in this way, therefore.

da

da — From, by, since; preposition indicating origin or agent.

amministrato

am-mi-ni-stra-to — Administered, governed; managed and directed by an authority.

riconciliando

ri-con-ci-lian-do — Reconciling; bringing into harmony or restoring peaceful relations.

propria

pro-pria — Own; belonging to oneself, one's own particular possession.

soggezione

sog-ge-zio-ne — Subjection, awe; state of submission or respectful subordination.

mediante

me-dian-te — By means of, through; using something as an instrument.

virtù

vir-tù — Virtue; moral excellence, goodness, or admirable qualities.

cristiane

cri-stia-ne — Christian; relating to Christianity or its moral teachings.

pazienza

pa-zien-za — Patience; the ability to endure difficulty calmly over time.

umiltà

u-mil-tà — Humility; modesty, absence of pride or arrogance.