The Souls of Black Folk — Page 8

Vocabulary

黒人

kokujin — Black person; person of African descent

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle

知識人

chishikijin — Intellectual; educated, learned person

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or target

なろう

narou — Volitional form of 'naru'; let's become

と

to — Particle meaning 'and', 'with', or quotation marker

した

shita — Past tense of 'suru'; did, tried to do

者

mono — Person; one who does something

は

wa — Topic-marking particle

ある

aru — To exist; there is (for inanimate things)

逆説

gyakusetsu — Paradox; contradictory yet true statement

直面

chokumen — To face directly; confront a situation

して

shite — Te-form of 'suru'; doing, and then

いた

ita — Past progressive; was doing, had been

すなわち

sunawachi — That is; namely, in other words

自分

jibun — Oneself; one's own self

民族

minzoku — Ethnic group; people sharing culture and origin

が

ga — Subject-marking particle

必要

hitsuyou — Necessary; needed, required

いる

iru — To exist; to be (for animate beings)

知識

chishiki — Knowledge; information, learning

白人

hakujin — White person; person of European descent

隣人

rinjin — Neighbor; person living nearby

たち

tachi — Plural suffix for people or animate beings

とって

totte — For; from the perspective of someone

聞き古した

kikikoshita — Worn-out, stale, heard many times before

話

hanashi — Story; talk, conversation, topic

過ぎ

sugi — Too much; exceeding, nothing more than

ず

zu — Negative verb ending; without doing

一方で

ippou de — On the other hand; meanwhile, at the same time

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action

世界

sekai — World; the entire globe or universe

教え

oshie — Teaching; lesson, doctrine, instruction

うる

uru — Classical potential suffix; able to do

身内

miuchi — One's own people; family, kin, insiders

まるで

marude — Just like; as if, completely, utterly

異国

ikoku — Foreign country; strange, alien land

言葉

kotoba — Word; language, speech, expression

よう

you — Like; appearing to be, seeming as if

あった

atta — Past tense of 'aru'; was, existed, there was

素朴

soboku — Simple and artless; naive, unpretentious, rustic

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjective to noun

魂

tamashii — Soul; spirit, essence of a being

を

wo — Object-marking particle

踊ら

odora — Stem of 'odoru'; to dance (causative base)

せ

se — Causative ending; make or let someone do

歌わ

utawa — Stem of 'utau'; to sing (causative base)

せる

seru — Causative suffix; to make or let do

調和

chouwa — Harmony; balance, accord between elements

美

bi — Beauty; aesthetic excellence, loveliness

へ

he — Directional particle; toward, in the direction of

生来

seizai / seirai — Innate; by nature, from birth

愛

ai — Love; affection, deep fondness

芸術家

geijutsuka — Artist; person who creates art professionally

おいて

oite — At; in, regarding a place or context

ただ

tada — Only; merely, just, simply

混乱

konran — Confusion; disorder, chaos, turmoil

疑念

ginen — Doubt; suspicion, uncertainty, misgiving

生み出す

umidasu — To produce; create, give rise to something

だけ

dake — Only; just, nothing more than

なぜなら

nazenara — Because; the reason is that

彼

kare — He; him, that man

啓示

keiji — Revelation; divine disclosure, enlightening truth

さ

sa — Nominalizing suffix or emphatic particle

れた

reta — Passive past ending; was done to subject

より

yori — Than; from, more than (comparison particle)

広い

hiroi — Wide; broad, spacious, extensive

聴衆

choushuu — Audience; listeners, assembled crowd

蔑む

sagesumu — To despise; scorn, look down upon someone

あり

ari — Classical 'aru'; to be, exist (connective form)

別

betsu — Separate; different, another, distinct

メッセージ

messeeji — Message; communicated information or meaning

語る

kataru — To tell; narrate, speak about something

こと

koto — Thing; fact, matter, nominalizer for verbs

でき

deki — Stem of 'dekiru'; can do, be possible

なかった

nakatta — Past negative; was not, did not exist

から

kara — Because; from, since, therefore

この

kono — This; referring to something nearby or mentioned

二重

nijuu — Double; dual, twofold, layered

目標

mokuhyou — Goal; target, objective, aim

による

ni yoru — Due to; caused by, resulting from

浪費

rouhi — Waste; squandering of resources or energy

相容れない

aoire nai — Incompatible; irreconcilable, unable to coexist

二つ

futatsu — Two; a pair of things

理想

risou — Ideal; perfect standard, cherished aspiration

満たそう

mitasou — Volitional of 'mitasu'; let's fulfill, satisfy

する

suru — To do; perform, carry out an action

追求

tsuikyuu — Pursuit; seeking, striving after a goal

幾百万

ikuhyakuman — Millions; countless millions of things or people

も

mo — Also; even, as many as (emphatic particle)

人々

hitobito — People; many persons, the masses

勇気

yuuki — Courage; bravery, boldness in facing difficulty

信念

shinnen — Conviction; firm belief, deeply held principle

行い

okonai — Conduct; deed, action, behavior

悲しい

kanashii — Sad; sorrowful, causing grief or sorrow

惨害

sangai — Terrible damage; disaster, grievous harm

もたらし

motarashi — Stem of 'motarasu'; to bring about, cause

しばしば

shibashiba — Often; frequently, repeatedly, again and again

偽り

itsuwari — Falsehood; lie, deception, fabrication

神々

kamigami — Gods; multiple deities, divine beings

縋ら

sugara — Stem of 'sugaru'; to cling to, depend on

救済

kyuusai — Salvation; rescue, relief from suffering

手段

shudan — Means; method, way, measure to achieve something

求め

motome — Seeking; request, demand, searching for

時

toki — Time; moment, occasion, period

その

sono — That; referring to something previously mentioned

自分自身

jibun jishin — Oneself; one's very own self, personally

恥じ

haji — Shame; feeling of disgrace or embarrassment

させる

saseru — Causative form; to make or cause someone to do

ところ

tokoro — Place; point, situation, circumstance

まで

made — Until; up to, as far as, even to

至らしめた

itarashimeta — Caused to reach; brought to a certain point

か

ka — Question particle; or, whether

遠き

tooki — Distant; far-off, remote (classical adjective form)

束縛

sokubaku — Bondage; restraint, constraint, shackling

時代

jidai — Era; age, period of time in history

遡れば

sakanoboreba — If one traces back; going back in time

彼ら

karera — They; those people, them (third person plural)

一つ

hitotsu — One; a single thing or item

神聖

shinsei — Sacred; holy, divine, spiritually pure

出来事

dekigoto — Event; happening, occurrence, incident

うち

uchi — Among; within, inside, during

あらゆる

arayuru — All; every kind of, any and every

失望

shitsubou — Disappointment; despair, loss of hope

終わり

owari — End; conclusion, finish, termination

見出そう

midasou — Volitional of 'midasu'; let's find, discover

二世紀

ni seiki — Two centuries; a span of two hundred years

わたって

watatte — Spanning; across, extending over a period

アメリカ

Amerika — America; the United States of America

示した

shimeshita — Past tense of 'shimesu'; showed, demonstrated

ほど

hodo — To the extent; as much as, degree, approximately

疑いなき

utagainaki — Unquestionable; undoubted, without doubt

信仰

shinkou — Faith; religious belief, devotion, piety

もって

motte — With; by means of, using, having

自由

jiyuu — Freedom; liberty, independence, free will

崇拝

suuhai — Worship; adoration, reverence, deep admiration

ほとんど

hotondo — Almost; nearly, mostly, hardly any

い

i — Short form of 'iru'; being, existing (animate)

思い描き

omoiegaki — Visualizing; picturing in one's mind, imagining

夢見る

yumemiru — To dream; envision, cherish a dream or aspiration

限り

kagiri — As long as; limit, extent, as far as possible

奴隷制度

doreiseido — Slavery; institution of enslaving human beings

まさに

masani — Exactly; precisely, truly, just as expected

悪

aku — Evil; wickedness, wrongdoing, moral bad

総体

soutai — Totality; whole, entirety, aggregate of something

悲しみ

kanashimi — Sorrow; sadness, grief, deep unhappiness

原因

gen'in — Cause; reason, origin of an event or problem

偏見

henken — Prejudice; bias, preconceived unfair judgment

根源

kongen — Root; fundamental origin, source of something

解放

kaihou — Liberation; emancipation, freeing from bondage

疲れ果て

tsukarehate — Utterly exhausted; completely worn out, drained

た

ta — Past tense suffix; completed action marker

民

tami — People; folk, nation, common people

目

me — Eye; vision, point of view

前

mae — Before; front, ahead, prior to

広がった

hirogatta — Spread out; expanded, stretched wide before one

かつて

katsute — Once; formerly, at one time in the past

約束

yakusoku — Promise; vow, commitment, agreement

地

chi / tochi — Land; earth, ground, territory, place

さらに

sarani — Furthermore; even more, additionally, moreover

甘美

kanbi — Sweet and beautiful; luscious, delightfully pleasing

美しさ

utsukushisa — Beauty; the quality of being beautiful

持つ

motsu — To have; hold, possess, carry

鍵

kagi — Key; that which unlocks or opens something