The Souls of Black Folk — Page 15

Vocabulary

自由

jiyuu — Freedom; the state of being free from constraints.

も

mo — Also; too; even (particle indicating inclusion).

また

mata — Again; also; moreover; in addition.

長らく

nagara ku — For a long time; over an extended period.

求め

motome — Seeking; requesting; pursuing something desired.

続け

tsuzuke — Continuing; keeping on doing something.

て

te — Connecting particle linking verb phrases sequentially.

き

ki — Auxiliary indicating action up to present (with た).

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb ending.

もの

mono — Thing; object; something; abstract matter.

を

wo — Object marker particle indicating direct object.

我々

wareware — We; us; first-person plural pronoun.

は

wa — Topic marker particle highlighting the subject.

いまだ

imada — Still; yet; as of now (often with negation).

いる

iru — To be; to exist (for animate beings).

生命

seimei — Life; living existence; vital force.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle connecting nouns.

身体

shintai — Body; the physical human form.

の

no — Possessive or nominalizing particle linking nouns.

働き

hataraki — Work; function; activity; operation.

考える

kangaeru — To think; to consider; to reflect on something.

愛し

aishi — Loving; cherishing (stem form of 愛する).

志す

kokorozasu — To aspire to; to aim for a goal.

労働

roudou — Labor; work; physical or mental toil.

文化

bunka — Culture; civilization; arts and customs of society.

これら

korera — These; referring to multiple nearby things.

すべて

subete — All; everything; entirely without exception.

が

ga — Subject marker particle; also contrastive conjunction.

に

ni — Direction, location, or purpose particle.

必要

hitsuyou — Necessary; needed; required for a purpose.

で

de — Particle indicating means, location of action, or cause.

あり

ari — Existence; being (conjunctive form of ある).

それ

sore — That; it; referring to something previously mentioned.

個別

kobetsu — Individual; separate; on a case-by-case basis.

なく

naku — Without; lacking (conjunctive negative form).

共

tomo — Together; jointly; in common with others.

順番

junban — Order; turn; sequence in which things occur.

同時

douji — Simultaneously; at the same time.

それぞれ

sorezore — Each; respectively; every one individually.

成長

seichou — Growth; development; maturing over time.

し

shi — Conjunctive verb form connecting actions or reasons.

互い

tagai — Each other; mutual; reciprocal relationship.

助け合い

taskeai — Mutual help; supporting one another cooperatively.

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneously performing two actions.

黒人

kokujin — Black person; person of African descent.

民

tami — People; folk; citizens of a nation or group.

前

mae — Before; in front of; ahead in time or space.

広がる

hirogaru — To spread; to expand; to extend outward.

より

yori — More than; from; comparative or starting-point particle.

大きな

ooki na — Large; big; great in size or significance.

理想

risou — Ideal; an aspired perfect state or principle.

すなわち

sunawachi — Namely; that is to say; in other words.

人種

jinshu — Race; ethnic classification of human beings.

という

to iu — Called; known as; meaning (quotative expression).

統一的

touitsu-teki — Unified; consistent; forming a coherent whole.

通じ

tsuuji — Through; by means of; communicating across.

得

e / uru — To obtain; to be able to; gaining something.

られる

rareru — Passive or potential auxiliary verb suffix.

人類

jinrui — Humanity; humankind; the entire human species.

同胞愛

douhō-ai — Brotherly love; solidarity among all people.

へ

e — Direction particle indicating movement toward something.

向かっ

mukatt(e) — Heading toward; facing in a direction.

邁進

maishin — Pressing forward resolutely; advancing with determination.

する

suru — To do; to perform; general-purpose action verb.

ある

aru — To exist; to be; to have (inanimate things).

特性

tokusei — Characteristic; distinctive property or trait.

才能

sainou — Talent; natural gift or ability.

育み

hagukumi — Nurturing; fostering growth with care.

発展

hatten — Development; growth; expansion of something.

さ

sa — Causative suffix or nominalizing suffix.

せる

seru — Causative auxiliary verb making someone do something.

他

ta / hoka — Other; another; the rest; different ones.

対立

tairitsu — Confrontation; opposition; conflict between parties.

や

ya — And; or; listing particle for non-exhaustive enumeration.

軽蔑

keibetsu — Contempt; scorn; looking down on someone.

おい

oi — Hey; exclamation to call attention (informal).

むしろ

mushiro — Rather; instead; on the contrary.

アメリカ

Amerika — America; the United States of America.

共和国

kyouwakoku — Republic; a state governed by elected representatives.

偉大

idai — Great; magnificent; of outstanding importance.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

広く

hiroku — Widely; broadly; in an extensive manner.

沿う

sou — To follow along; to conform to; to align with.

形

katachi — Shape; form; appearance; manner of something.

追求

tsuikyuu — Pursuit; seeking after something earnestly.

れる

reru — Passive auxiliary verb suffix indicating being acted upon.

べき

beki — Should; ought to; expressing obligation or expectation.

いつ

itsu — When; what time; interrogative of time.

日

hi / nichi — Day; sun; a unit of time (one day).

か

ka — Question particle or expressing uncertainty.

地

chi / ji — Ground; earth; land; place or region.

二つ

futatsu — Two; a pair; two items or things.

世界

sekai — World; the earth; a realm or domain.

双方

souhou — Both sides; both parties; each of two.

かくも

kakumo — So much; to such a degree; this extremely.

悲しく

kanashiku — Sadly; in a sorrowful manner.

欠い

kai (kaku) — Lacking; missing; being without something essential.

特質

tokushitsu — Special quality; distinctive characteristic or nature.

与え合う

ataeau — To give to each other; mutually bestowing gifts.

ため

tame — For the sake of; in order to; purpose.

肌

hada — Skin; complexion; surface of the body.

黒い

kuroi — Black; dark in color.

今

ima — Now; at this moment; currently.

決して

kesshite — Never; by no means (used with negation).

手ぶら

tebura — Empty-handed; arriving without bringing anything.

やっ

yatt(e) — Doing; coming (colloquial contracted form of やって).

来る

kuru — To come; to arrive; to approach.

わけ

wake — Reason; meaning; it means that; therefore.

ない

nai — Not; negative auxiliary indicating absence or negation.

独立

dokuritsu — Independence; self-reliance; freedom from control.

宣言

sengen — Declaration; proclamation; formal public announcement.

純粋

junsui — Pure; genuine; unmixed; sincere without ulterior motive.

人間

ningen — Human being; person; humanity in general.

精神

seishin — Spirit; mind; mental or psychological essence.

以上

ijou — More than; above; beyond; that is all.

真

shin / ma — True; genuine; real; authentic.

体現

taigen — Embodiment; personifying or representing an ideal concretely.

者

mono / sha — Person; one who does; a specific individual.

今日

kyou / konnichi — Today; this day; the present time.

存在

sonzai — Existence; being; presence of something or someone.

奴隷

dorei — Slave; a person owned and controlled by another.

野性的

yasei-teki — Wild; primal; untamed in nature or character.

甘美

kanbi — Sweet and beautiful; mellifluously pleasing to senses.

旋律

senritsu — Melody; a sequence of musical notes forming a tune.

除い

nozoi — Excluding; except for; leaving something out.

音楽

ongaku — Music; organized sound as an art form.

童話

douwa — Fairy tale; children's story with fantastical elements.

民間

minkan — Folk; civilian; popular among ordinary people.

伝承

denshō — Tradition; oral transmission of folklore or customs.

インディアン

Indiaan — Native American; Indigenous peoples of the Americas.

アフリカ

Afurika — Africa; the continent in the Eastern Hemisphere.

そして

soshite — And then; furthermore; connecting sequential statements.

総じて

soujite — Generally; on the whole; all things considered.

ドル

doru — Dollar; the monetary unit of the United States.

抜け目

nukeme — Oversight; shrewdness gap; missing a clever opportunity.

なさ

nasa — Lack of; absence of (nominalizing negative suffix).

埃っぽい

hokori-ppoi — Dusty; covered with or full of dust.

砂漠

sabaku — Desert; a barren arid land with little rainfall.

おける

okeru — In; at; regarding (formal locative expression).

素朴

soboku — Simple; artless; unpretentious; plain and natural.

信仰

shinkou — Faith; religious belief; devotion to a higher power.

敬虔

keiken — Pious; devout; deeply reverent in religious practice.

唯一

yuiitsu — Only; sole; the one and only.

オアシス

oashisu — Oasis; a fertile spot in a desert; refuge.

よう

you — Like; as if; seems; expressing resemblance or purpose.

思わ

omowa — Thinking; seeming (stem/passive form of 思う).

その

sono — That; the (demonstrative adjective for nearby referent).

残忍

zannin — Cruel; brutal; mercilessly savage in behavior.

消化

shouka — Digestion; processing and absorbing food or information.

不良

furyou — Defective; poor quality; delinquency; malfunction.

的

teki — Suffix meaning '-like', '-ish', or relating to something.

失態

shittai — Blunder; disgraceful failure; embarrassing misconduct.

朗らか

hogaraka — Cheerful; bright; having a sunny, open disposition.

毅然

kizen — Resolute; firm; standing unyieldingly with dignity.

謙虚

kenkyo — Humble; modest; not arrogant or boastful.

替え

kae — Replacement; substitution; exchange for something else.

貧しく

mazushiku — Poorly; in a state of poverty or scarcity.

なる

naru — To become; to turn into; to result in.

だろ

daro — Probably; I suppose (informal conjecture ending).

う

u — Volitional auxiliary expressing intention or conjecture.

粗野

soya — Crude; coarse; rough and unrefined in manner.

残酷

zankoku — Cruel; brutal; causing suffering without remorse.

機知

kichi — Wit; quick intelligence; clever resourcefulness.

愛情

aijou — Affection; love; warm emotional attachment to someone.

深く

fukaku — Deeply; profoundly; to a great extent.

陽気

youki — Cheerful; merry; lively and in high spirits.

ユーモア

yuumoa — Humor; the quality of being amusing or comical.

俗悪

zokuaku — Vulgar; crude; of low taste or moral quality.

悲哀

hiai — Sorrow; grief; deep sadness and lamentation.

歌

uta — Song; poem; a piece of music with lyrics.

魂

tamashii — Soul; spirit; the innermost essence of a being.