The Wind in the Willows — Page 251

Vocabulary

ภายใต้

phaai tâi — Under or beneath a condition or authority

การ

gaan — Prefix nominalizing verbs; act or process of something

บีบบังคับ

bìip bang-kháp — To coerce or force someone into doing something

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner of; like; type or kind

หนัก

nàk — Heavy; severe; intense in degree

จาก

jàak — From; away from a place or source

แม้แต่

máe tàe — Even; including an extreme or unlikely case

หญิง

yǐng — Woman; female person

ขับ

khàp — To drive or propel a vehicle or vessel

เรือ

ruua — A boat or ship used on water

บรรทุก

ban-túk — To load cargo onto a vehicle or vessel

สินค้า

sǐn-kháa — Goods or merchandise for trade or transport

ก็

gâw — Also; then; particle indicating consequence or agreement

ถูก

thùuk — To be subjected to; correct; cheap in price

ตามหา

taam hǎa — To search for or track down someone or something

ตัว

tuua — Body; self; classifier for animals and objects

ด้วย

dûuai — With; also; by means of something

ความ

khwaam — Prefix creating abstract nouns from adjectives or verbs

ยากลำบาก

yâak lam-bàak — Difficult and full of hardship or struggle

พอ

phaw — Enough; sufficient; just as something happens

สมควร

sǒm-khuuan — Appropriate; deserving; fitting for the situation

และ

láe — And; connecting words, phrases, or clauses

มูลค่า

muun-lá-khâa — Value or worth of something in monetary terms

ของ

khǎawng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

ม้า

máa — A horse; large domesticated animal for riding

เธอ

thooe — She; her; informal second-person pronoun for females

ได้รับ

dâi ráp — To receive or obtain something given or offered

ชดเชย

chót-choei — To compensate or make up for a loss

สมเหตุสมผล

sǒm-hèet sǒm-phǒn — Reasonable; logical; making rational sense

รอบคอบ

râawp-khâawp — Careful; thorough; cautious in thinking or action

แม้ว่า

máe wâa — Although; even though; despite the fact that

จะ

jà — Will; future tense marker or intention particle

โวยวาย

wooi-waai — To complain loudly; make a fuss or uproar

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or context

เรื่อง

rûuang — Matter; story; topic or subject of discussion

นี้

níi — This; referring to something nearby or just mentioned

โดย

dooi — By; through; by means of an agent or method

ถือ

thǔue — To hold; to consider or regard as something

ว่า

wâa — That; to say; introducing reported speech or thought

ตนเอง

ton-eeng — Oneself; referring reflexively to the subject

เป็น

bpen — To be; to exist as something; to become

เครื่องมือ

khrûuang-muue — Tool; instrument used to accomplish a task

โชคชะตา

chôok-chá-dtaa — Fate; destiny; one's predetermined fortune in life

ที่

thîi — At; place; relative pronoun; classifier for places

ส่ง

sòng — To send; to deliver something to a destination

มา

maa — To come; directional particle toward the speaker

ลงโทษ

long-thôot — To punish; to impose a penalty on someone

อ้วน

ûuan — Fat; overweight; having excess body weight

มี

mii — To have; to possess; there is or are

แขน

khǎaen — Arm; the upper limb of the human body

ซึ่ง

sûeng — Which; that; relative pronoun linking clauses

ไม่

mâi — Not; negation particle for present and future tense

สามารถ

sǎa-mâat — To be able to; capable of doing something

บอก

bàawk — To tell; to inform or say something to someone

ได้

dâi — Can; able to; past tense or success marker

ใคร

khrai — Who; anyone; referring to an unspecified person

สุภาพบุรุษ

sù-phâap bù-rùt — A gentleman; a polite and honorable man

แท้จริง

thâe-jing — True; genuine; in reality or in truth

แม้

máe — Even; although; concessive particle

มองเห็น

maawng hěn — To see; to visually perceive something clearly

อยู่

yùu — To be located; to stay; progressive aspect marker

ตรงหน้า

trong nâa — Right in front; directly before one's eyes

จำนวน

jam-nuuan — Amount; number; quantity of something counted

เงิน

ngoen — Money; silver; financial currency

เกี่ยวข้อง

gìiao-khâawng — Related to; involved with; connected to something

นั้น

nán — That; referring to something previously mentioned or distant

ความจริง

khwaam-jing — Truth; reality; the true state of affairs

แล้ว

láaeo — Already; then; completion marker for past actions

ไม่ได้

mâi dâi — Cannot; did not; negating ability or past action

ภาระ

phaa-rá — Burden; responsibility; a heavy load or duty

มาก

mâak — Much; many; a lot; intensifier for quantity

นัก

nák — Very; intensifier; person skilled in a field

เนื่องจาก

nûuang jàak — Because of; due to; owing to a cause

ประเมิน

prà-mooen — To assess; to estimate the value of something

ราคา

raa-khaa — Price; cost; monetary value of a product

พวก

phûuak — Group; bunch of people; classifier for groups

ยอมรับ

yaawm ráp — To accept; to acknowledge or admit something

ผู้ประเมิน

phûu prà-mooen — An assessor; a person who evaluates or appraises

ท้องถิ่น

tháawng-thìn — Local; belonging to a particular area or region

ถูกต้อง

thùuk-tâawng — Correct; accurate; in accordance with the facts

ประมาณ

prà-maan — Approximately; about; an estimated quantity

บางครั้ง

baang-khrâng — Sometimes; occasionally; not all the time

ยาม

yaam — Time period; a guard; at the time of

เย็น

yen — Cool; cold; evening; refreshing in temperature

ฤดูร้อน

rúe-duu-ráawn — Summer; the hot season of the year

ยาวนาน

yaao-naan — Long; prolonged; lasting a great length of time

บรรดา

ban-daa — All of; the various; a collective group of things

เพื่อน

phûuean — Friend; companion; a close acquaintance

พากัน

phaa gan — Together; all going or doing something collectively

ออก

àawk — To go out; to exit; outward directional particle

เดินเล่น

dooen lên — To take a leisurely walk; stroll for pleasure

ป่า

pàa — Forest; jungle; wild wooded area

บัดนี้

bàt-níi — Now; at this moment; at the present time

ทำให้

tham hâi — To cause; to make something happen or become

สงบ

sà-ngòp — Calm; peaceful; quiet and undisturbed

ลง

long — Down; downward; directional particle going down

สำเร็จ

sǎm-rèt — To succeed; to accomplish a goal or task

ส่วน

sùuan — Part; portion; section of a whole

เกี่ยวกับ

gìiao gàp — About; regarding; concerning a particular topic

พวกเขา

phûuak-khǎo — They; them; referring to a group of people

น่ายินดี

nâa-yin-dii — Pleasing; delightful; worthy of gladness or welcome

เห็น

hěn — To see; to perceive visually; to notice

ชาว

chaao — People of; inhabitants of a place or group

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative or benefactive marker

ต้อนรับ

tâawn ráp — To welcome; to greet guests warmly on arrival

นับถือ

náp-thǔue — To respect; to regard with esteem and honor

อย่างไร

yàang-rai — How; in what way; asking about manner or method

แม่

mâae — Mother; a female parent

พา

phaa — To lead; to take someone along somewhere

ลูกๆ

lûuk lûuk — Children; kids; one's offspring (plural)

มัน

man — It; him/her (informal); referring to something nonhuman

ปาก

pàak — Mouth; opening; entrance of something

รู

ruu — Hole; burrow; a hollow opening in a surface

ชี้

chíi — To point; to indicate direction with a finger

พลาง

phlaang — While doing; simultaneously; at the same time

พูด

phûut — To speak; to talk; to say something

ดูซิ

duu sí — Look there!; look at that! (exclamation urging attention)

ลูก

lûuk — Child; offspring; son or daughter

นั่นไง

nân ngai — There it is; that's it; pointing out something obvious

ท่าน

thân — You; he/she (respectful pronoun for honored persons)

ผู้

phûu — Person who; one who; prefix for agent nouns

ยิ่งใหญ่

yîng-yài — Great; magnificent; impressive in size or importance

นั่น

nân — That; referring to something at a distance

คือ

khuue — Is; equals; that is to say; identifying something

กล้าหาญ

glâa-hǎan — Brave; courageous; bold in facing danger

นักสู้

nák-sûu — Fighter; warrior; one who struggles or battles

น่าเกรงขาม

nâa-greeng-khǎam — Formidable; awe-inspiring; commanding fear and respect

กำลัง

gam-lang — Strength; power; progressive aspect marker (currently doing)

เดิน

dooen — To walk; to move on foot

เคียง

khiang — Beside; alongside; next to someone or something

ข้าง

khâang — Side; beside; next to; adjacent to

โน่นไง

nôon ngai — Over there!; pointing out something in the distance

โด่งดัง

dòng-dang — Famous; well-known; celebrated widely

พ่อ

phâaw — Father; a male parent

เจ้า

jâo — You (informal/familiar); lord; owner; master

มัก

mák — Often; tend to; habitually inclined to do something

พูดถึง

phûut-thǔeng — To mention; to talk about; to refer to someone

เสมอ

sà-mooe — Always; constantly; ever; all the time

แต่

tàae — But; however; only; introducing a contrast

เมื่อ

mûuea — When; at the time of a past event

ลูกอ่อน

lûuk-àawn — Infant; young baby; a very young child

ดื้อรั้น

dûue-rán — Stubborn; obstinate; refusing to change behavior

ควบคุม

khûuap-khum — To control; to manage; to keep in check

เลย

looei — At all; so; then; intensifier or result particle

ปลอบ

plàawp — To comfort; to soothe; to calm someone down

เงียบ

ngîiap — Quiet; silent; without sound or noise

บอกเล่า

bàawk-lâo — To tell a story; to narrate or recount events

หาก

hàak — If; in case; supposing that a condition is met

ยอม

yaawm — To agree; to yield; to consent or give in

หยุด

yùt — To stop; to cease movement or activity

งอแง

ngaw-ngaae — To whine; to fuss; to be cranky and difficult

สีเทา

sǐi-thao — Gray color; an achromatic color between black and white

น่ากลัว

nâa-gluua — Scary; frightening; inspiring fear in others

ลุกขึ้น

lúk-khûen — To rise up; to stand up; to get up

จับ

jàp — To catch; to grab; to seize something

ไป

bpai — To go; away from speaker; directional particle

นี่

nîi — Here; this (informal demonstrative near speaker)

ใส่ร้าย

sài-ráai — To slander; to falsely accuse or defame someone

ต่ำช้า

tàm-cháa — Despicable; vile; morally low and contemptible

ต่อ

tàaw — To; against; toward; continuing or connecting something

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third person pronoun

ไม่ค่อย

mâi khâwi — Not very; rarely; not particularly inclined to something

สนใจ

sǒn-jai — To be interested in; to pay attention to

สังคม

sǎng-khom — Society; social community; the social world

ค่อนข้าง

khâwn-khâang — Rather; quite; fairly; to a considerable degree

ชื่นชอบ

chûuen-châawp — To like; to enjoy; to be fond of something

เด็กๆ

dèk dèk — Children; kids; young people (plural)

คำขู่

kham-khùu — A threat; threatening words intended to intimidate

เคย

khoei — Ever; used to; have experience of doing something

ล้มเหลว

lóm-lǎeo — To fail; to be unsuccessful in an endeavor

ผล

phǒn — Result; outcome; fruit; consequence of an action

เต็มที่

dtem-thîi — Fully; to the maximum; at full capacity or effort