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Thus Spake Zarathustra: A Book for All and None — Page 6

English → Chinese Preface Level 9/10

But it is meant to be a possibility which men of the present could realise with all their spiritual and physical energies, provided they adopted the new values.

但它意在成为一种可能性,只要当代之人接受新的价值观,便能以其全部精神与肉体之力加以实现。

The author of "Zarathustra" never lost sight of that egregious example of a transvaluation of all values through Christianity, whereby the whole of the deified mode of life and thought of the Greeks, as well as strong Romedom, was almost annihilated or transvalued in a comparatively short time.

《查拉图斯特拉》的作者从未忽视基督教对一切价值进行重估的那个显著先例——正是凭借这一重估,希腊人那神化的生活方式与思想,连同强盛的罗马世界,几乎在相当短暂的时间内被摧毁或重估殆尽。

Could not a rejuvenated Graeco-Roman system of valuing (once it had been refined and made more profound by the schooling which two thousand years of Christianity had provided) effect another such revolution within a calculable period of time, until that glorious type of manhood shall finally appear which is to be our new faith and hope, and in the creation of which Zarathustra exhorts us to participate?

一套经过复兴的希腊罗马价值体系,一旦经由两千年基督教熏陶所提供的磨砺而得以精炼与深化,难道不能在可预期的时间内再度引发一场这样的革命,直至那光辉的人类典型终于降临——那将是我们新的信仰与希望,而查拉图斯特拉正是在召唤我们参与其创造?

In his private notes on the subject the author uses the expression "Superman" (always in the singular, by-the-bye), as signifying "the most thoroughly well-constituted type," as opposed to "modern man"; above all, however, he designates Zarathustra himself as an example of the Superman.

作者在其关于此主题的私人笔记中使用了"超人"这一表达(顺带一提,始终用单数形式),以此指称"最为完善健全的典型",与"现代人"相对;然而,最重要的是,他将查拉图斯特拉本人指定为超人的典范。

In "Ecco Homo" he is careful to enlighten us concerning the precursors and prerequisites to the advent of this highest type, in referring to a certain passage in the "Gay Science":—

在《瞧,这个人》中,他审慎地就这一最高典型降临的先驱条件与必要前提加以阐明,并援引了《快乐的科学》中的某段文字:——

"In order to understand this type, we must first be quite clear in regard to the leading physiological condition on which it depends: this condition is what I call GREAT HEALTHINESS.

「为了理解这一典型,我们首先必须对其所依赖的首要生理条件有清晰的认识:这一条件正是我所称的伟大的健康。」

Vocabulary

dàn — but, however, yet
tā — it, referring to non-human things
意在
yì zài — intended to, aims to achieve something
成为
chéng wéi — to become, to turn into something
一种
yī zhǒng — a kind of, a type of something
可能性
kě néng xìng — possibility, the chance something could happen
只要
zhǐ yào — as long as, provided that a condition is met
当代
dāng dài — contemporary, the present era or generation
接受
jiē shòu — to accept, to receive or take in something
新的
xīn de — new, fresh, of a novel kind
价值观
jià zhí guān — values, one's system of moral principles
便能
biàn néng — then can, would then be able to
全部
quán bù — all, entire, the whole of something
精神
jīng shén — spirit, mind, mental energy or will
yǔ — and, together with something else
肉体
ròu tǐ — flesh, the physical human body
加以
jiā yǐ — to apply, to proceed to do something
实现
shí xiàn — to realize, to achieve or fulfill a goal
de — structural particle indicating possession or modification
作者
zuò zhě — author, the person who wrote a work
从未
cóng wèi — never, has not at any time done something
忽视
hū shì — to ignore, to overlook or disregard something
基督教
Jī dū jiào — Christianity, the Christian religion
duì — toward, regarding, directed at something
一切
yī qiè — all, everything, every single thing
价值
jià zhí — value, worth of something morally or materially
进行
jìn xíng — to carry out, to conduct an activity
重估
chóng gū — revaluation, reassessing the worth of something
那个
nà ge — that, referring to a specific thing or example
显著
xiǎn zhù — notable, remarkable, significantly conspicuous
先例
xiān lì — precedent, an earlier example to follow
正是
zhèng shì — precisely, it is exactly this thing
凭借
píng jiè — by means of, relying on something as support
这一
zhè yī — this one, referring to a specific instance
希腊人
Xī là rén — Greeks, people of ancient or modern Greece
nà — that, a demonstrative pronoun pointing outward
神化
shén huà — to deify, to glorify something as divine
生活方式
shēng huó fāng shì — way of life, lifestyle, manner of living
思想
sī xiǎng — thought, ideology, a system of ideas
连同
lián tóng — together with, along with something else
强盛
qiáng shèng — powerful and prosperous, thriving and strong
罗马
Luó mǎ — Rome, the ancient Roman civilization or city
世界
shì jiè — world, the entire earth or a domain
几乎
jī hū — almost, nearly, very close to entirely
zài — in, at, within a time or place
相当
xiāng dāng — quite, fairly, considerably to a degree
短暂
duǎn zàn — brief, short-lived, lasting only a little time
时间内
shí jiān nèi — within a period of time, inside a timeframe
bèi — passive marker indicating subject receives action
摧毁
cuī huǐ — to destroy, to demolish completely and utterly
huò — or, alternatively, either one option
一套
yī tào — a set of, a complete system of things
经过
jīng guò — after undergoing, having passed through a process
复兴
fù xīng — revival, renaissance, restoration of something former
希腊
Xī là — Greece, the ancient or modern Greek civilization
体系
tǐ xì — system, an organized framework of ideas
一旦
yī dàn — once, as soon as a condition is met
经由
jīng yóu — by way of, through a particular route or means
熏陶
xūn táo — to nurture through influence, gradual cultural cultivation
suǒ — particle preceding verb to nominalize or emphasize
提供
tí gōng — to provide, to supply or offer something
磨砺
mó lì — to temper, to sharpen through hardship or practice
ér — and then, thus connecting clauses or contrasting
得以
dé yǐ — to be able to, thus enabled to do something
精炼
jīng liàn — to refine, to purify and make more perfect
深化
shēn huà — to deepen, to intensify or make more profound
难道
nán dào — could it be that, rhetorical question marker
不能
bù néng — cannot, not able to do something
kě — can, may, expressing possibility or permission
预期
yù qī — to expect, to anticipate a future outcome
再度
zài dù — once again, a second time, anew
引发
yǐn fā — to trigger, to spark or cause something to occur
一场
yī chǎng — one instance of, a bout or episode of something
这样
zhè yàng — such, like this, of this kind
革命
gé mìng — revolution, a fundamental and sweeping transformation
直至
zhí zhì — until, up to a certain point in time
光辉
guāng huī — glorious, radiant, brilliantly shining splendor
人类
rén lèi — humanity, the human race as a whole
典型
diǎn xíng — archetype, an ideal representative example or model
终于
zhōng yú — finally, at last, after a long wait
降临
jiàng lín — to arrive, to descend upon or come forth
将是
jiāng shì — will be, shall become in the future
我们
wǒ men — we, us, referring to a group including speaker
信仰
xìn yǎng — belief, faith, deeply held conviction or creed
希望
xī wàng — hope, desire for something good to happen
召唤
zhào huàn — to summon, to call forth or beckon someone
参与
cān yù — to participate, to take part in an activity
qí — its, their, a formal possessive pronoun
创造
chuàng zào — creation, to create or bring something new forth
关于
guān yú — regarding, about, concerning a topic or subject
cǐ — this, referring to the present topic or thing
主题
zhǔ tí — theme, main subject or topic of discussion
私人
sī rén — private, personal, not meant for public view
笔记
bǐ jì — notes, written records or jottings of ideas
zhōng — in, within, inside a place or context
使用
shǐ yòng — to use, to employ or make use of something
le — particle indicating completed action or changed state
超人
chāo rén — superman, Nietzsche's Übermensch, beyond-human ideal
表达
biǎo dá — to express, to convey meaning or emotion
顺带
shùn dài — incidentally, by the way, as a side note
一提
yī tí — to mention, to bring up briefly in passing
始终
shǐ zhōng — always, from beginning to end, consistently throughout
yòng — to use, to employ for a purpose
单数
dān shù — singular form, the grammatical single number
形式
xíng shì — form, format, the outward shape or structure
以此
yǐ cǐ — with this, using this as the means
指称
zhǐ chēng — to refer to, to designate by a name
最为
zuì wéi — most, to the greatest extent possible
完善
wán shàn — perfect, complete, fully developed and ideal
健全
jiàn quán — sound, wholesome, healthy in mind and body
现代人
xiàn dài rén — modern person, a human being of the present age
相对
xiāng duì — relatively, in contrast or comparison with something
然而
rán ér — however, yet, introducing a contrasting statement
最重要
zuì zhòng yào — most important, of the greatest significance
shì — is, to be, a linking verb
tā — he, him, a third-person male pronoun
jiāng — will, shall, a future tense marker
本人
běn rén — oneself, the person in question personally
指定
zhǐ dìng — to designate, to appoint or specify something
wéi — as, to be, serving as a role
典范
diǎn fàn — model, paragon, an exemplary standard to follow
qiáo — look, see, behold something carefully
这个人
zhè ge rén — this person, this man, this individual
审慎
shěn shèn — prudent, cautious, carefully deliberate in judgment
de — adverbial particle linking adverb to verb
jiù — then, precisely, with regard to something
最高
zuì gāo — highest, supreme, of the greatest level
先驱
xiān qū — pioneer, forerunner, one who leads the way
条件
tiáo jiàn — condition, requirement, prerequisite for something
必要
bì yào — necessary, essential, indispensable for a purpose
前提
qián tí — premise, precondition that must first be met
阐明
chǎn míng — to clarify, to explain clearly and thoroughly
bìng — and, moreover, in addition to something
援引
yuán yǐn — to cite, to quote as supporting evidence
快乐
kuài lè — joy, happiness, a state of being glad
科学
kē xué — science, systematic knowledge from study and observation
某段
mǒu duàn — a certain passage, some particular section of text
文字
wén zì — text, written words, written language or script
为了
wèi le — in order to, for the purpose of doing
理解
lǐ jiě — to understand, to comprehend the meaning of something
首先
shǒu xiān — first of all, in the first place
必须
bì xū — must, have to, it is necessary to do
依赖
yī lài — to rely on, to depend upon something or someone
首要
shǒu yào — primary, foremost, of chief importance
生理
shēng lǐ — physiology, relating to the body's physical functions
yǒu — to have, there is, existence of something
清晰
qīng xī — clear, distinct, easily perceived or understood
认识
rèn shí — to know, understanding or knowledge of something
wǒ — I, me, the first-person singular pronoun
伟大
wěi dà — great, magnificent, of extraordinary significance
健康
jiàn kāng — health, healthy, in a good physical condition
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