Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 1

Vocabulary

Traditions

tra-di-syon — Customs and practices passed down through generations

des

deh — Of the; plural indefinite article or preposition

Une

ün — A; feminine indefinite article meaning one

étude

ay-tüd — A study or detailed examination of a subject

sur

sür — On or about; preposition indicating topic or surface

le

luh — The; masculine singular definite article

folklore

fol-klor — Traditional stories, customs, and beliefs of a community

philippin

fi-li-pan — Relating to the Philippines or its people

Par

par — By; preposition indicating authorship or means

Conservateur

kon-sair-va-teur — Curator; person who manages a museum collection

adjoint

a-zhwan — Assistant or deputy; working alongside a superior

d'

d — Of; elided preposition before a vowel sound

ethnologie

et-no-lo-zhee — The scientific study of human cultures and peoples

malaise

ma-lez — Relating to Malay people or culture; adjective form

Table

tabl — Table; flat surface or organized list of contents

matières

ma-tyair — Subjects or contents; topics covered in a work

Préface

pray-fas — Preface; introductory section of a book

Introduction

an-tro-dük-syon — Opening section presenting the work's purpose and scope

Contes

kont — Tales or short stories, often traditional or fictional

de

duh — Of or from; very common French preposition

la

la — The; feminine singular definite article

période

pay-ryod — Period; a specific span or era of time

mythique

mee-teek — Mythical; relating to or characteristic of myths

rituels

ri-tü-el — Rituals; ceremonial acts performed for cultural reasons

et

ay — And; basic coordinating conjunction in French

explicatifs

eks-pli-ka-teef — Explanatory; serving to clarify or explain something

Fables

fabl — Fables; short moral stories often featuring animals

Résumés

ray-zü-may — Summaries; brief overviews of longer content

Les

lay — The; plural definite article for masculine and feminine

mythes

meet — Myths; traditional stories explaining natural phenomena

suivants

swee-van — Following; the ones that come next in sequence

ont

on — Have; third person plural of avoir (to have)

été

ay-tay — Been; past participle of être (to be)

recueillis

ruh-kœ-yee — Collected; gathered together from various sources

par

par — By; preposition indicating agent or means

l'

l — The; elided definite article before a vowel

auteur

o-teur — Author; person who wrote or created a work

en

an — In; preposition indicating time, place, or manner

lors

lor — During or at the time of an event

un

an — A or an; masculine singular indefinite article

séjour

say-zhoor — Stay; a period of time spent somewhere

seize

sez — Sixteen; the number between fifteen and seventeen

mois

mwa — Month or months; unit of time in a year

auprès

o-pray — Among or alongside; near or close to someone

une

ün — A; feminine indefinite article, meaning one

tribu

tri-bü — Tribe; a social group sharing culture and ancestry

païenne

pa-yen — Pagan; relating to non-Abrahamic religious practices

du

dü — Of the; masculine singular contraction of de+le

nord-ouest

nor-west — Northwest; direction combining north and west

aux

o — To the or in the; plural contraction of à+les

Le

luh — The; masculine singular definite article

matériau

ma-tay-ryo — Material; raw data or substance used for work

grande

grand — Large or great; feminine form of grand

partie

par-tee — Part or portion; a section of a larger whole

recueilli

ruh-kœ-yee — Collected; gathered from various sources or people

sous

soo — Under or below; preposition indicating position or condition

forme

form — Form or format; the shape or structure of something

textes

tekst — Texts; written documents or transcribed spoken content

a

a — Has; third person singular of avoir (to have)

partiellement

par-syel-man — Partially; not completely, only in part

traduit

tra-dwee — Translated; converted from one language to another

dans

dan — In or inside; preposition indicating location or time

les

lay — The; plural definite article for all genders

îles

eel — Islands; land masses surrounded by water

tandis

tan-dee — While or whereas; used in contrast with tandis que

que

kuh — That or which; conjunction or relative pronoun

reste

rest — Rest or remainder; what is left over

retravaillé

ruh-tra-va-yay — Reworked; revised or refined after initial completion

brève

brev — Brief or short; feminine form of bref

visite

vi-zit — Visit; a trip made to see a person or place

Amérique

a-may-reek — America; the continent or the United States

Dans

dan — In; preposition indicating location, context, or time

cette

set — This; feminine singular demonstrative adjective

tâche

tash — Task; a piece of work to be done

j'

zh — I; first person singular subject pronoun, elided form

ai

ay — Have; first person singular of avoir (to have)

assisté

a-sis-tay — Assisted or helped; aided by someone in a task

sang

san — Blood; the fluid circulating in living bodies

pur

pür — Pure; unmixed or of full descent without admixture

qui

kee — Who or which; relative or interrogative pronoun

m'

m — Me; elided first person singular object pronoun

accompagné

a-kom-pa-nyay — Accompanied; went along with someone somewhere

Sans

san — Without; preposition indicating absence of something

toujours

too-zhoor — Always or still; indicates continuity or habitual action

donner

do-nay — To give; to provide or offer something to someone

traduction

tra-dük-syon — Translation; converting text from one language to another

littérale

li-tay-ral — Literal; word-for-word without interpretation or paraphrase

je

zhuh — I; first person singular subject pronoun

me

muh — Me or myself; first person singular object pronoun

suis

swee — Am; first person singular of être (to be)

efforcé

e-for-say — Endeavored or strived; made an effort to do something

suivre

swee-vruh — To follow; to go after or adhere to something

près

pray — Near or close; indicating proximity in space or manner

langage

lan-gazh — Language or speech; the way someone speaks

conteurs

kon-teur — Storytellers; people who narrate tales or stories

plutôt

plü-to — Rather or instead; preferring one thing over another

offrir

o-freer — To offer; to present something for acceptance

soignée

swan-yay — Polished or careful; done with care and refinement

certains

sair-tan — Certain or some; referring to particular unspecified items

cas

ka — Cases; specific instances or situations being discussed

lorsqu'

lors-k — When; conjunction introducing a temporal clause

il

eel — He or it; third person masculine singular pronoun

était

ay-tay — Was; third person singular imperfect of être

impossible

am-po-seebl — Impossible; not able to be done or achieved

consigner

kon-see-nyay — To record or note down; to document formally

récits

ray-see — Accounts or narratives; stories told or written down

au

o — At the or to the; masculine singular contraction

moment

mo-man — Moment; a specific point or period in time

entendre

an-tandr — To hear; to perceive sounds with one's ears

seule

seul — Only or alone; feminine form of seul

substance

süb-stans — Substance; the essential content or main idea

notée

no-tay — Noted or recorded; written down for future reference

ce

suh — This or that; masculine singular demonstrative pronoun

explique

eks-pleek — Explains; makes something clear or understandable

manque

mank — Lack or absence; something missing from a whole

détails

day-tay — Details; specific small pieces of information

évident

ay-vi-dan — Evident or obvious; clearly apparent without doubt

quelques-unes

kel-kuh-zün — Some; a few feminine items from a group

histoires

is-twar — Stories or histories; narratives real or fictional

La

la — The; feminine singular definite article

compte

kont — Counts or has; also means account or number

environ

an-vi-ron — About or approximately; indicating an estimated quantity

vingt

van — Twenty; the number between nineteen and twenty-one

mille

meel — Thousand; the number one thousand

individus

an-di-vi-dü — Individuals; single persons considered separately

dont

don — Of which or whose; relative pronoun in French

plupart

plü-par — Most; the greater number or majority of something

se

suh — Themselves; reflexive pronoun for third person

trouvent

troov — Find themselves or are located; third person plural

sous-province

soo-pro-vans — Sub-province; an administrative subdivision within a province

montagnes

mon-tan-yuh — Mountains; large elevated landforms of rock and earth

Leur

leur — Their; third person plural possessive adjective

culture

kül-tür — Culture; the customs, arts, and social institutions

matérielle

ma-tay-ryel — Material; relating to physical objects and possessions

leurs

leur — Their; plural possessive adjective for multiple items

croyances

krwa-yans — Beliefs; things accepted as true by a group

cérémonies

say-ray-mo-nee — Ceremonies; formal events marking important occasions

sont

son — Are; third person plural of être (to be)

assez

a-say — Fairly or quite; indicates a moderate degree

uniformes

ü-ni-form — Uniform; consistent and the same throughout

extrêmement

eks-trem-man — Extremely; to a very great degree or extent

complexes

kom-pleks — Complex; consisting of many interconnected parts