Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 2
It is my intention to publish a study of this people in the near future, but realizing that it will be quite impossible for readers unacquainted with Tinguian life to understand many references in the tales, I have added such foot notes as will enable them to grasp the meaning of certain obscure passages.
J'ai l'intention de publier une étude sur ce peuple dans un avenir proche, mais sachant qu'il sera tout à fait impossible pour les lecteurs non familiarisés avec la vie des Tinguians de comprendre de nombreuses références dans les récits, j'ai ajouté des notes de bas de page qui leur permettront de saisir le sens de certains passages obscurs.
In the introduction, an attempt has been made to bring together the culture of the people as it appears in the myths, and to contrast it with present day conditions and beliefs.
Dans l'introduction, une tentative a été faite pour rassembler la culture du peuple telle qu'elle apparaît dans les mythes, et pour la confronter aux conditions et croyances actuelles.
In this way we may hope to gain a clearer insight into their mental life, and to secure a better idea of the values they attach to certain of their activities than is afforded us by actual observation or by direct inquiry.
De cette façon, nous pouvons espérer acquérir une compréhension plus claire de leur vie mentale, et obtenir une meilleure idée des valeurs qu'ils attachent à certaines de leurs activités que ce que nous offrent l'observation directe ou l'enquête directe.
It is also possible that the tales may give us a glimpse of the early conditions under which this people developed, of their life and culture before the advent of the European.
Il est également possible que les récits nous donnent un aperçu des conditions premières dans lesquelles ce peuple s'est développé, de leur vie et de leur culture avant l'arrivée de l'Européen.
It should be noted at the outset that no attempt is here made to reconstruct an actual historical period.
Il convient de noter d'emblée qu'aucune tentative n'est faite ici pour reconstituer une période historique réelle.
As will appear later, a part of the material is evidently very old; later introductions--to which approximate dates may be assigned--have assumed places of great importance; while the stories doubtless owe much to the creative imaginations of successive story-tellers.
Comme il apparaîtra plus tard, une partie du matériau est manifestement très ancienne ; des ajouts ultérieurs — auxquels on peut attribuer des dates approximatives — ont pris une place de grande importance ; tandis que les histoires doivent sans doute beaucoup aux imaginations créatrices de conteurs successifs.
A comparison of these tales with the folk-lore of neighboring tribes would be of greatest value, but unfortunately very little material for such a study is available.
Une comparaison de ces récits avec le folklore des tribus voisines serait de la plus grande valeur, mais malheureusement très peu de matériel est disponible pour une telle étude.
Vocabulary
- ai
- First person singular of 'avoir' (to have)
- intention
- A plan or aim to do something
- publier
- To publish a book, article, or study
- étude
- A detailed academic study or research work
- ce
- Demonstrative adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'
- peuple
- A people, nation, or ethnic group
- avenir
- The future or time yet to come
- proche
- Near, close in time or space
- mais
- Conjunction meaning 'but'
- sachant
- Present participle of 'savoir'; knowing or being aware
- sera
- Future tense of 'être'; will be
- tout
- Adjective or adverb meaning 'all' or 'completely'
- fait
- Noun meaning 'fact'; past participle of 'faire'
- impossible
- Not possible; unable to be done
- lecteurs
- Readers; people who read a text
- non
- Adverb meaning 'not' or 'no'
- familiarisés
- Made familiar or acquainted with something
- vie
- Life; the existence of a living being
- comprendre
- To understand or comprehend something
- nombreuses
- Numerous; a large number of things (feminine)
- références
- References; citations or mentions in a text
- récits
- Stories, narratives, or accounts
- ajouté
- Past participle of 'ajouter'; added or appended
- notes
- Notes; short written explanations or annotations
- bas
- Low; bottom part of a page or object
- page
- A page in a book or document
- leur
- Indirect object pronoun meaning 'to them'
- permettront
- Future tense of 'permettre'; will allow or permit
- saisir
- To grasp, seize, or understand something
- sens
- Meaning, sense, or direction
- certains
- Certain; some particular ones (masculine plural)
- passages
- Passages; sections or excerpts from a text
- obscurs
- Obscure, unclear, or difficult to understand
- introduction
- An introduction or opening section of a text
- tentative
- An attempt or endeavor to do something
- été
- Past participle of 'être'; been
- faite
- Past participle of 'faire' (feminine); done or made
- rassembler
- To gather together or assemble information
- culture
- The culture, customs, and arts of a society
- telle
- Such; of this kind (feminine form)
- apparaît
- Third person singular of 'apparaître'; appears
- mythes
- Myths; traditional stories of a culture
- confronter
- To confront or compare two things directly
- conditions
- Conditions; circumstances or state of affairs
- croyances
- Beliefs; things accepted as true by a group
- actuelles
- Current, present-day (feminine plural)
- cette
- Demonstrative adjective meaning 'this' (feminine)
- façon
- Way, manner, or method of doing something
- pouvons
- First person plural of 'pouvoir'; we can
- espérer
- To hope or expect something to happen
- acquérir
- To acquire or gain something over time
- compréhension
- Understanding or comprehension of a subject
- plus
- More; comparative adverb indicating greater degree
- claire
- Clear, bright, or easy to understand (feminine)
- mentale
- Mental; relating to the mind (feminine)
- obtenir
- To obtain or get something
- meilleure
- Better; superior quality (feminine form)
- idée
- An idea or concept in one's mind
- valeurs
- Values; principles considered important by a group
- attachent
- Third person plural of 'attacher'; attach or attribute
- certaines
- Certain; some particular ones (feminine plural)
- leurs
- Possessive adjective meaning 'their' (plural)
- activités
- Activities; actions or tasks performed regularly
- offrent
- Third person plural of 'offrir'; offer or provide
- observation
- The act of carefully watching and noting something
- directe
- Direct; straightforward or firsthand (feminine)
- enquête
- An inquiry, investigation, or survey
- également
- Also, equally, or likewise
- possible
- Possible; able to be done or happen
- donnent
- Third person plural of 'donner'; give or provide
- aperçu
- A glimpse or brief overview of something
- premières
- First; earliest in time or order (feminine plural)
- lesquelles
- Relative pronoun meaning 'which' (feminine plural)
- développé
- Past participle of 'développer'; developed or evolved
- avant
- Before; earlier in time or order
- arrivée
- Arrival; the act of arriving at a place
- Européen
- European; a person from or relating to Europe
- convient
- Third person singular of 'convenir'; it is appropriate
- noter
- To note or observe something important
- emblée
- From the outset; immediately from the start
- aucune
- No, none, not any (feminine form)
- ici
- Here; in this place
- reconstituer
- To reconstruct or recreate something from the past
- période
- A period or span of time
- historique
- Historical; relating to history or past events
- réelle
- Real, actual, or genuine (feminine form)
- Comme
- Conjunction meaning 'as' or 'like'
- apparaîtra
- Future tense of 'apparaître'; will appear
- tard
- Late; later in time
- partie
- A part or portion of a whole
- matériau
- Material; source material used in a study
- manifestement
- Manifestly, obviously, or clearly
- très
- Very; to a high degree
- ancienne
- Old, ancient, or former (feminine form)
- ajouts
- Additions; things added to an original work
- ultérieurs
- Later, subsequent, or more recent (masculine plural)
- auxquels
- Relative pronoun 'to which' (masculine plural)
- on
- Indefinite pronoun meaning 'one' or 'we'
- peut
- Third person singular of 'pouvoir'; can or may
- attribuer
- To attribute or assign something to a source
- dates
- Dates; specific points or periods in time
- approximatives
- Approximate; not exact, roughly estimated (feminine plural)
- pris
- Past participle of 'prendre'; taken or assumed
- place
- Place; a position or role taken
- grande
- Great or large in size or importance (feminine)
- importance
- Importance; significance or value of something
- tandis
- While; used in 'tandis que' meaning 'whereas'
- histoires
- Stories, tales, or histories
- doivent
- Third person plural of 'devoir'; must or owe
- sans
- Preposition meaning 'without'
- doute
- Doubt; uncertainty about something
- beaucoup
- Much or many; a large quantity
- imaginations
- Imaginations; creative mental faculties of storytellers
- créatrices
- Creative; producing original ideas (feminine plural)
- conteurs
- Storytellers; people who tell stories
- successifs
- Successive; following one after another
- comparaison
- A comparison between two or more things
- ces
- Demonstrative adjective meaning 'these' or 'those'
- folklore
- Traditional stories, customs, and beliefs of a people
- tribus
- Tribes; groups of people sharing culture and ancestry
- voisines
- Neighboring; nearby or adjacent (feminine plural)
- serait
- Conditional of 'être'; would be
- valeur
- Value, worth, or usefulness of something
- malheureusement
- Unfortunately; sadly, as an unfortunate fact
- peu
- Little; a small amount or few
- matériel
- Material; available data or source documents
- disponible
- Available; accessible or ready for use
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