Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 4
Chicago, January, 1915.
Chicago, janvier 1915.
Traditions of the Tinguian: A Study in Philippine Folk-Lore
Traditions des Tinguian : Une étude sur le folklore philippin
Introduction
Introduction
For the purposes of our study, the tales have been roughly divided into three parts.
Pour les besoins de notre étude, les récits ont été grossièrement divisés en trois parties.
The first, which deals with the mythical period, contains thirty-one tales of similar type in which the characters are for the most part the same, although the last five tales do not properly fit into the cycle, and the concluding story of Indayo is evidently a recent account told in the form of the older relations.
La première, qui traite de la période mythique, contient trente et un récits de type similaire dans lesquels les personnages sont pour la plupart les mêmes, bien que les cinq derniers récits ne s'intègrent pas vraiment dans le cycle, et que l'histoire finale d'Indayo soit manifestement un récit récent raconté sous la forme des relations plus anciennes.
In the second division are the ritualistic and explanatory myths, the object of which seems to be to account for the origin of or way of conducting various ceremonies; for the belief in certain spirits and sacred objects; for the existence of the sun, moon, and other natural phenomena; for the attainment of fire, food plants, birds and domestic animals, as well as of magical jars and beads.
La deuxième division comprend les mythes rituels et explicatifs, dont l'objet semble être de rendre compte de l'origine ou de la manière de conduire diverses cérémonies ; de la croyance en certains esprits et objets sacrés ; de l'existence du soleil, de la lune et d'autres phénomènes naturels ; de l'acquisition du feu, des plantes alimentaires, des oiseaux et des animaux domestiques, ainsi que de jarres et de perles magiques.
Here it should be noted that some of the most common and important beliefs and ceremonies are, so far as is known, unaccompanied by any tales, yet are known to all the population, and are preserved almost without change from generation to generation.
Il convient de noter ici que certaines des croyances et cérémonies les plus courantes et les plus importantes ne sont, pour autant qu'on le sache, accompagnées d'aucun récit, mais sont néanmoins connues de toute la population, et se transmettent presque sans changement de génération en génération.
Division three contains the ordinary stories with which parents amuse their children or with which men and women while away the midday hours as they lounge in the field houses, or when they stop on the trail to rest and smoke.
La troisième division contient les histoires ordinaires dont les parents se servent pour distraire leurs enfants, ou dont les hommes et les femmes font passer les heures de la mi-journée en se prélassant dans les maisons des champs, ou lorsqu'ils s'arrêtent sur le sentier pour se reposer et fumer.
Vocabulary
- janvier
- First month of the year; January
- Traditions
- Customs or practices passed down through generations
- des
- Contraction of de les; of the (plural)
- Une
- Feminine indefinite article; a, one
- étude
- A detailed examination or academic study
- sur
- Preposition meaning on, about, or concerning
- le
- Masculine definite article; the
- folklore
- Traditional stories, customs, and beliefs of a community
- philippin
- Relating to the Philippines or its people
- Introduction
- Opening section presenting a subject
- Pour
- Preposition meaning for, in order to
- les
- Plural definite article; the
- besoins
- Needs or requirements of something
- de
- Preposition meaning of, from, or about
- notre
- Possessive adjective meaning our
- récits
- Stories, narratives, or accounts
- ont
- Third person plural of avoir; have
- été
- Past participle of être; been
- grossièrement
- Roughly, coarsely, or approximately
- divisés
- Divided or split into parts
- en
- Preposition meaning in, into, or as
- trois
- The number three
- parties
- Parts, sections, or portions of a whole
- La
- Feminine definite article; the
- première
- Feminine form of first; the first
- qui
- Relative pronoun meaning who or which
- traite
- Deals with, treats, or covers a topic
- la
- Feminine definite article; the
- période
- A span or period of time
- mythique
- Relating to myth or legendary stories
- contient
- Contains or holds within
- trente
- The number thirty
- et
- Conjunction meaning and
- un
- Masculine indefinite article; a, one
- type
- A type, kind, or category
- similaire
- Similar or resembling something else
- dans
- Preposition meaning in or inside
- lesquels
- Relative pronoun meaning in which, among which
- personnages
- Characters or figures in a story
- sont
- Third person plural of être; are
- pour
- Preposition meaning for or in order to
- plupart
- Most or the majority of something
- mêmes
- Same; identical ones
- bien
- Well; used to indicate degree or concession
- que
- Conjunction or pronoun meaning that, which, than
- cinq
- The number five
- derniers
- Last ones; most recent ones
- ne
- Negative particle used with pas or other negators
- s'
- Reflexive pronoun se before vowel; oneself
- intègrent
- Integrate or fit into a whole
- pas
- Negative particle meaning not
- vraiment
- Truly, really, or genuinely
- cycle
- A recurring series or cycle of events
- l'
- Definite article le or la before vowel
- histoire
- Story, history, or narrative
- finale
- Final, last, or concluding
- d'
- Preposition de before vowel; of, from
- soit
- Subjunctive of être; be, whether
- manifestement
- Manifestly, obviously, or clearly
- récit
- A narrative, account, or story
- récent
- Recent, new, or modern
- raconté
- Told or narrated
- sous
- Preposition meaning under or in the form of
- forme
- Form, shape, or manner
- relations
- Accounts, relations, or narratives
- plus
- More; used in comparisons
- anciennes
- Old, ancient, or former (feminine plural)
- deuxième
- Second in order or rank
- division
- A division or separate section
- comprend
- Includes, comprises, or understands
- mythes
- Myths or traditional legendary stories
- rituels
- Rituals or ceremonial practices
- explicatifs
- Explanatory; serving to explain something
- dont
- Relative pronoun meaning whose, of which
- objet
- Object, purpose, or goal
- semble
- Seems or appears to be
- être
- To be; infinitive of the verb
- rendre
- To render, give back, or make
- compte
- Account; rendre compte means to account for
- origine
- Origin, source, or beginning
- ou
- Conjunction meaning or
- manière
- Manner, way, or method of doing something
- conduire
- To conduct, lead, or carry out
- diverses
- Various or diverse (feminine plural)
- cérémonies
- Ceremonies or formal ritual events
- croyance
- A belief or conviction held by someone
- certains
- Certain, some, or particular ones
- esprits
- Spirits, minds, or supernatural beings
- objets
- Objects or items
- sacrés
- Sacred or holy objects or things
- existence
- Existence or the state of existing
- du
- Contraction of de le; of the (masculine)
- soleil
- The sun
- lune
- The moon
- autres
- Other or others
- phénomènes
- Phenomena or observable natural events
- naturels
- Natural, relating to nature
- acquisition
- The act of acquiring or obtaining something
- feu
- Fire
- plantes
- Plants or vegetation
- alimentaires
- Relating to food or nourishment
- oiseaux
- Birds
- animaux
- Animals
- domestiques
- Domestic or tame; household animals
- ainsi
- Thus, so, or in this way
- jarres
- Jars or large ceramic containers
- perles
- Pearls or beads
- magiques
- Magical or having supernatural properties
- Il
- Subject pronoun; he or it
- convient
- It is appropriate or fitting to do
- noter
- To note, observe, or record
- ici
- Here, in this place
- certaines
- Certain, some (feminine plural)
- croyances
- Beliefs or convictions (plural)
- courantes
- Common, current, or widespread
- importantes
- Important or significant (feminine plural)
- autant
- As much, as many, or to the same degree
- qu'
- Conjunction que before vowel; that, as
- on
- Indefinite pronoun meaning one, we, or people
- sache
- Subjunctive of savoir; one may know
- accompagnées
- Accompanied or associated with something
- aucun
- No, none, or not any
- mais
- Conjunction meaning but
- néanmoins
- Nevertheless or nonetheless
- connues
- Known or familiar (feminine plural)
- toute
- All, every, or the whole (feminine singular)
- population
- Population or group of inhabitants
- se
- Reflexive pronoun; oneself, themselves
- transmettent
- Are transmitted or passed on to others
- presque
- Almost or nearly
- sans
- Preposition meaning without
- changement
- Change or alteration
- génération
- A generation of people or time period
- troisième
- Third in order or rank
- histoires
- Stories, tales, or histories (plural)
- ordinaires
- Ordinary, common, or everyday
- parents
- Parents or relatives
- servent
- Serve or are used to do something
- distraire
- To entertain or distract someone
- leurs
- Possessive adjective meaning their
- enfants
- Children
- hommes
- Men or human beings
- femmes
- Women or wives
- font
- Third person plural of faire; make, do
- passer
- To pass or spend time
- heures
- Hours or units of time
- mi-
- Prefix meaning half or mid-
- journée
- The day or daytime period
- prélassant
- Lounging, relaxing, or basking lazily
- maisons
- Houses or homes
- champs
- Fields or countryside areas
- lorsqu'
- When; conjunction used before vowel
- ils
- Subject pronoun; they (masculine or mixed)
- arrêtent
- Stop or halt their movement
- sentier
- A path or footpath
- reposer
- To rest or take a break
- fumer
- To smoke or emit smoke
Unlock audio playback, vocabulary games, and reading progress tracking.
Create free account →