Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 13
One tale informs us of a girl who is left alone to guard the rice field and is promptly killed by the _alzado;_ [9] another states that "all the tattooed Igorot are enemies" (pp. 43, 155, 161).
Un racconto ci parla di una ragazza che viene lasciata sola a custodire il campo di riso e viene prontamente uccisa dall'_alzado;_ [9] un altro afferma che "tutti gli Igorot tatuati sono nemici" (pp. 43, 155, 161).
Revenge for the loss of relations or townspeople is a potent cause of hostile raids; old feuds may be revived by taunts; but the chief incentive appears to be the desire for renown, to be known as "a man who goes to fight in the enemies' towns" (pp. 90, 59).
La vendetta per la perdita di parenti o compaesani è una potente causa di incursioni ostili; le vecchie faide possono essere ravvivate dagli insulti; ma l'incentivo principale sembra essere il desiderio di gloria, di essere conosciuto come "un uomo che va a combattere nelle città nemiche" (pp. 90, 59).
Warriors sometimes go in parties, sometimes alone, but generally in couples (p. 67).
I guerrieri a volte vanno in gruppi, a volte da soli, ma generalmente in coppia (p. 67).
At times they lie in ambush and kill young girls who go for water, or old men and women who pass their hiding place (p. 97).
A volte tendono imboscate e uccidono giovani ragazze che vanno a prendere l'acqua, o anziani uomini e donne che passano davanti al loro nascondiglio (p. 97).
Again they go out boldly, armed with shield, spear, and headaxe; they strike their shields as they go and announce their presence to the enemy (p. 103).
Altre volte escono con audacia, armati di scudo, lancia e ascia da testa; battono i loro scudi mentre avanzano e annunciano la loro presenza al nemico (p. 103).
In five of the tales the heroes challenge their opponents and then refuse to be the first to use their weapons.
In cinque dei racconti gli eroi sfidano i loro avversari e poi si rifiutano di essere i primi a usare le loro armi.
It is only when their foes have tried in vain to injure them that they enter the conflict.
È solo quando i loro nemici hanno tentato invano di ferirli che entrano nel conflitto.
In such cases whole towns are wiped out of existence and a great number of heads and a quantity of jars and other booty is sent back to the towns of the victors (p. 104).
In questi casi interi villaggi vengono annientati e un gran numero di teste e una quantità di giare e altro bottino vengono rimandati ai villaggi dei vincitori (p. 104).
Peace is restored in one instance by the payment of a number of valuable jars (p. 91).
La pace viene ristabilita in un caso mediante il pagamento di un certo numero di preziose giare (p. 91).
Vocabulary
- racconto
- A short story or tale
- ci
- Us, to us, or reflexive/locative particle
- parla
- Speaks or talks (third person singular)
- ragazza
- A girl or young woman
- viene
- Comes; also used to form passive constructions
- lasciata
- Left alone or abandoned (past participle, feminine)
- sola
- Alone, by herself (feminine adjective)
- custodire
- To guard, watch over, or protect something
- campo
- A field, camp, or open area of land
- riso
- Rice (the grain); also can mean laughter
- prontamente
- Promptly, quickly, without delay
- uccisa
- Killed (past participle, feminine singular)
- altro
- Another, other, different one
- afferma
- States, affirms, or asserts (third person singular)
- tutti
- All, everyone, every one of them
- tatuati
- Tattooed (past participle, masculine plural)
- nemici
- Enemies, foes (masculine plural noun)
- vendetta
- Revenge, vengeance taken for a wrong suffered
- perdita
- Loss, especially of people or things
- parenti
- Relatives, family members (plural noun)
- compaesani
- Fellow villagers or people from the same town
- potente
- Powerful, strong, influential (adjective)
- causa
- Cause, reason, or motive for something
- incursioni
- Raids, incursions, hostile attacks (plural noun)
- ostili
- Hostile, unfriendly, aggressive (plural adjective)
- vecchie
- Old, ancient (feminine plural adjective)
- faide
- Feuds, long-standing conflicts between groups
- possono
- Can, are able to (third person plural of 'potere')
- essere
- To be (infinitive of the verb 'to be')
- ravvivate
- Revived, rekindled, brought back to life
- insulti
- Insults, offensive remarks (masculine plural noun)
- incentivo
- Incentive, motivation, driving reason
- principale
- Main, principal, most important (adjective)
- sembra
- Seems, appears to be (third person singular)
- desiderio
- Desire, wish, longing for something
- gloria
- Glory, fame, honor earned through deeds
- conosciuto
- Known, recognized, familiar (past participle)
- uomo
- Man, adult male person
- va
- Goes (third person singular of 'andare')
- combattere
- To fight, to do battle against enemies
- città
- City, town (invariable feminine noun)
- nemiche
- Enemy (feminine plural adjective modifying cities)
- guerrieri
- Warriors, fighters, men trained for combat
- volte
- Times, occasions (as in 'sometimes')
- vanno
- Go (third person plural of 'andare')
- gruppi
- Groups, clusters of people or things
- soli
- Alone, by themselves (masculine plural adjective)
- generalmente
- Generally, usually, as a rule
- coppia
- A pair, couple, or duo of people
- tendono
- Tend to, incline toward (third person plural)
- imboscate
- Ambushes, surprise attacks from concealed positions
- uccidono
- Kill, slay (third person plural present tense)
- giovani
- Young people, youth (plural adjective or noun)
- ragazze
- Girls, young women (feminine plural noun)
- prendere
- To take, grab, or fetch something
- acqua
- Water (feminine singular noun)
- anziani
- Elderly people, the aged (masculine plural noun)
- uomini
- Men, adult males (masculine plural noun)
- donne
- Women, adult females (feminine plural noun)
- passano
- Pass by, go past (third person plural)
- davanti
- In front of, before (adverb or preposition)
- loro
- Their, theirs, or them (pronoun or adjective)
- nascondiglio
- Hiding place, hideout, place of concealment
- Altre
- Others, other ones (feminine plural pronoun)
- escono
- Go out, come out (third person plural of 'uscire')
- audacia
- Boldness, audacity, daring courage
- armati
- Armed, carrying weapons (masculine plural adjective)
- scudo
- Shield used as a defensive weapon in battle
- lancia
- Spear or lance used as a weapon
- ascia
- Axe, a chopping weapon or tool
- testa
- Head (anatomical); also a severed head as trophy
- battono
- Beat, strike (third person plural present tense)
- scudi
- Shields (masculine plural noun)
- mentre
- While, whereas (temporal conjunction)
- avanzano
- Advance, move forward (third person plural)
- annunciano
- Announce, declare (third person plural present)
- presenza
- Presence, being present in a place
- nemico
- Enemy, foe (masculine singular noun)
- cinque
- Five (cardinal number)
- racconti
- Stories, tales (masculine plural noun)
- eroi
- Heroes, heroic figures (masculine plural noun)
- sfidano
- Challenge, defy (third person plural present)
- avversari
- Adversaries, opponents, rivals (masculine plural)
- poi
- Then, afterward, later (temporal adverb)
- rifiutano
- Refuse, decline to do something (third person plural)
- primi
- First ones (masculine plural ordinal adjective)
- usare
- To use, to make use of something
- armi
- Weapons, arms (feminine plural noun)
- solo
- Only, just, alone (adverb or adjective)
- quando
- When (temporal conjunction or adverb)
- tentato
- Tried, attempted (past participle of 'tentare')
- invano
- In vain, without success or result
- ferirli
- To wound them (infinitive with clitic pronoun)
- entrano
- Enter, go into (third person plural present)
- conflitto
- Conflict, struggle, armed confrontation
- questi
- These (masculine plural demonstrative pronoun)
- casi
- Cases, situations, instances (masculine plural)
- interi
- Entire, whole (masculine plural adjective)
- villaggi
- Villages, small rural settlements (masculine plural)
- vengono
- Are (passive auxiliary); come (third person plural)
- annientati
- Annihilated, completely destroyed (past participle plural)
- gran
- Great, large (shortened form of 'grande')
- numero
- Number, quantity (masculine singular noun)
- teste
- Heads (feminine plural noun, here as trophies)
- quantità
- Quantity, amount, large number of things
- giare
- Jars, large ceramic vessels (feminine plural noun)
- bottino
- Booty, loot, spoils taken from the enemy
- rimandati
- Sent back, returned (past participle, masculine plural)
- vincitori
- Victors, winners (masculine plural noun)
- pace
- Peace, absence of conflict or war
- ristabilita
- Restored, reestablished (past participle, feminine)
- caso
- Case, situation, instance (masculine singular noun)
- mediante
- By means of, through (formal preposition)
- pagamento
- Payment, the act of paying something owed
- certo
- Certain, a certain amount of (adjective)
- preziose
- Precious, valuable (feminine plural adjective)
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