Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 1

Vocabulary

の

no — Possessive or descriptive particle linking nouns.

伝承

denshō — Traditional knowledge or folklore passed down generations.

フィリピン

Firipin — The Philippines, an archipelago nation in Southeast Asia.

民俗学

minzokugaku — Folklore studies; academic study of folk traditions.

研究

kenkyū — Research or study conducted on a subject.

著

cho — Written by; authorship credit on a publication.

民族学

minzokugaku — Ethnology; comparative study of human ethnic groups.

担当

tantō — Being in charge of; responsible for a role.

学芸員補

gakugeiin-ho — Assistant curator at a museum or institution.

年

nen — Year; counter for years.

目次

mokuji — Table of contents in a book or document.

序文

jobun — Preface or foreword of a written work.

はじめに

hajime ni — Introduction section; 'to begin with.'

神話

shinwa — Myth; traditional sacred narrative or legend.

時代

jidai — Era, age, or period of time.

物語

monogatari — Story, tale, or narrative.

儀式

gishiki — Ritual or ceremony performed for cultural purposes.

的

teki — Suffix meaning '-like,' '-related,' or '-ical.'

説明

setsumei — Explanation or description of something.

寓話

gūwa — Fable; short moral story often with animal characters.

要約

yōyaku — Summary or abstract of a text.

以下

ika — The following; below a stated value or point.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the subject of discourse.

著者

chosha — Author; person who wrote a book or text.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle in Japanese grammar.

から

kara — From; starting point in time or place.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, time, or location.

かけて

kakete — Spanning a period; 'over' or 'through' a time range.

島

shima — Island.

北西部

hokusebu — Northwestern part of a region or country.

住む

sumu — To live or reside in a place.

異教徒

ikyōto — Pagan or non-Christian; person of a different religion.

部族

buzoku — Tribe; a group sharing culture and ancestry.

で

de — Particle indicating location of action or means.

ある

aru — To be; to exist (for inanimate or abstract things).

もと

moto — Under (conditions); formerly; basis or origin.

ヶ月

kagetsu — Counter for months.

間

あいだ / ma — Period of time; interval or space between things.

滞在

taizai — Stay or sojourn in a place.

し

shi — Conjunctive form of 'suru'; connects actions or reasons.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb marker.

際

sai — Occasion, time, or opportunity when something happens.

収集

shūshū — Collection; gathering of materials or data.

もの

mono — Thing; object or item (tangible or abstract).

資料

shiryō — Materials, data, or sources used for research.

大部分

daibubun — The greater part; majority of something.

テキスト

tekisuto — Text; written material or source document.

として

to shite — As; in the capacity or role of something.

さ

sa — Nominalization suffix; also casual sentence-final particle.

れ

re — Passive or potential verb conjugation ending.

その

sono — That; referring to something previously mentioned.

一部

ichibu — A part or portion of something.

現地

genchi — The local area; on-site location of study.

島々

shimajima — Islands; plural of island, referring to many islands.

翻訳

hon'yaku — Translation from one language to another.

残り

nokori — The remainder; what is left over.

アメリカ

Amerika — America; the United States of America.

を

o — Object-marking particle in Japanese grammar.

短期間

tankikan — A short period of time; brief duration.

訪問

hōmon — Visit; going to see a person or place officially.

作業

sagyō — Work, task, or operation being carried out.

この

kono — This; referring to something nearby or just mentioned.

おいて

oite — In; at; regarding a particular situation or context.

私

watashi — I; first-person singular pronoun.

純血

junketsu — Pure blood; of unmixed ethnic or racial descent.

人

hito / jin — Person; human being; counter for people.

あり

ari — Existing; being; formal form of 'aru.'

同行

dōkō — Accompanying; going together with someone.

助け

tasuke — Help, assistance, or aid given to someone.

借り

kari — Borrowing; receiving help or use of something.

すべて

subete — All; everything; entirely without exception.

場合

baai — Case, situation, or circumstance.

逐語

chikugo — Word-for-word; literal translation method.

な

na — Adjectival or negative imperative particle.

訳

yaku — Translation; rendering text in another language.

与え

atae — To give; providing something to someone.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting verb phrases.

いる

iru — To be (animate); indicates ongoing state or action.

わけ

wake — Reason, meaning, or situation explaining something.

ない

nai — Negative auxiliary; 'not' or 'does not exist.'

洗練

senren — Refinement; elegance achieved through polish and skill.

提供

teikyō — To provide or offer something to someone.

する

suru — To do; general-purpose action verb.

より

yori — Than; from; comparative or starting-point particle.

も

mo — Also; too; even; inclusive particle.

語り手

katarite — Narrator or storyteller; one who tells stories.

言葉

kotoba — Word, language, or expression used in speech.

忠実

chūjitsu — Faithful, loyal, or true to something original.

従う

shitagau — To follow or comply with rules or guidance.

よう

yō — In order to; seems like; manner or appearance.

努め

tsutome — To strive or make an effort toward a goal.

よって

yotte — Therefore; by means of; due to a reason.

聞い

kiite — Listening; hearing (conjunctive form of 'kiku').

記録

kiroku — Record; documentation of events or information.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer turning verbs into nouns.

不可能

fukanō — Impossible; unable to be done or achieved.

あっ

atte — Being; existing (conjunctive form of 'aru').

ため

tame — Because of; for the purpose or sake of.

内容

naiyō — Content; substance or details of something.

要点

yōten — Main point; essential or key aspect of content.

み

mi — Only; just (colloquial abbreviation of 'dake').

見

mi — See; look (stem form of 'miru').

られる

rareru — Can be seen; passive or potential verb ending.

細部

saibu — Fine details; minute particulars of something.

乏し

toboshi — Scarce, lacking, or insufficient in amount.

理由

riyū — Reason or cause for something occurring.

と

to — And; with; quotation particle in Japanese.

なっ

natte — Becoming (conjunctive form of 'naru').

族

zoku — Tribe, clan, or ethnic group suffix.

約

yaku — Approximately; about a given number or amount.

万人

mannin — Ten thousand people; a large number of people.

個人

kojin — Individual; a single person distinct from a group.

成り

nari — Consisting of; being composed of something.

準州

junshū — Sub-province or territory; an administrative subdivision.

および

oyobi — And; as well as; connecting two items formally.

山岳

sangaku — Mountainous; relating to mountains or highland terrain.

地帯

chitai — Zone or belt; a defined geographical area.

居住

kyojū — Residing or dwelling in a particular place.

彼ら

karera — They; third-person plural pronoun.

物質

busshitsu — Material; physical substance or matter.

文化

bunka — Culture; shared practices, arts, and values of a group.

信仰

shinkō — Faith, belief, or religious conviction.

非常

hijō — Extremely; very; unusual degree of something.

均一

kin'itsu — Uniform; consistent and even throughout.

極めて

kiwamete — Extremely; to the utmost degree.

複雑

fukuzatsu — Complex, complicated, or intricate in nature.