Traditions of the Tinguian: a Study in Philippine Folk-Lore — Page 12

Vocabulary

夜

yoru — Night; the period of darkness after sunset.

が

ga — Subject marker particle in Japanese grammar.

明ける

akeru — To dawn; for night or a period to end.

と

to — When; and; quotation or conditional particle.

女

onna — Woman; female person.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix indicating a group of people.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle between nouns.

一部

ichibu — A part; a portion of a whole.

は

wa — Topic marker particle in Japanese sentences.

稲わら

inawara — Rice straw; stalks remaining after harvesting rice.

籾殻

momigara — Rice husks; outer shells removed during milling.

から

kara — From; starting point or cause particle.

米

kome — Uncooked rice; staple grain crop.

を

wo — Object marker particle in Japanese grammar.

つき出し

tsukidashi — To push out; extract by pounding or thrusting.

始め

hajime — Beginning; to start doing something.

他

hoka — Other; another; the rest.

水

mizu — Water; fresh liquid essential for life.

確保

kakuho — To secure; to ensure obtaining something necessary.

する

suru — To do; general-purpose action verb.

ため

tame — For the purpose of; in order to.

に

ni — Direction, location, or purpose particle.

泉

izumi — Spring; natural water source flowing from ground.

へ

e — Directional particle indicating movement toward a place.

出かける

dekakeru — To go out; to leave for somewhere.

植え付け

uetsuke — Planting; the act of placing seeds or seedlings.

時期

jiki — Season; period; appropriate time for something.

夫婦

fuufu — A married couple; husband and wife together.

そろって

sorotte — Together; all gathered or aligned as a group.

畑

hatake — Field; dry farmland used for cultivation.

歩いて

aruite — On foot; by walking to a destination.

行き

iki — Going; heading toward a place.

夫

otto — Husband; one's male spouse.

種

tane — Seed; origin material for growing plants.

や

ya — And; listing particle connecting multiple items.

挿し穂

sashiho — Cutting; plant cutting used for propagation.

植え

ue — Planting; act of putting plants into soil.

妻

tsuma — Wife; one's female spouse.

かける

kakeru — To apply; to pour or spread over something.

こと

koto — Thing; fact; nominalizer for verb phrases.

で

de — By means of; at a location; using a method.

手伝う

tetsudau — To help; to assist someone with a task.

繁忙期

hanbōki — Busy season; peak period of activity or work.

なければ

nakereba — If there is not; conditional negative form.

昼間

hiruma — Daytime; the hours of daylight during a day.

村

mura — Village; a small rural community.

活動

katsudō — Activity; action; being active or operational.

ほぼ

hobo — Almost; nearly; approximately entirely.

停止

teishi — Stoppage; halt; ceasing of activity or movement.

し

shi — And; conjunctive verb form linking clauses.

男

otoko — Man; male person or adult male.

眠っ

nemut(te) — Sleeping; in a state of sleep or rest.

たり

tari — Doing things like; lists actions alternately.

くつろい

kutsuroi — Relaxing; resting comfortably in leisure.

だり

dari — Alternating action listing particle; doing such things.

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneously performing two actions.

集まって

atsumatte — Having gathered; assembled together in a group.

おり

ori — Polite form of いる; being present or existing.

子ども

kodomo — Child; children; young people not yet adults.

こま

koma — Spinning top; a toy spun on its tip.

円盤

enban — Disc; disk-shaped object or flying saucer shape.

状

jō — Shape; form; appearance resembling something specified.

遊んで

asonde — Playing; engaging in play or recreation.

いる

iru — To be; to exist (for animate beings).

も

mo — Also; too; even; inclusive particle.

ある

aru — To exist; to be present (for inanimate things).

涼しく

suzushiku — Coolly; in a cool temperature manner.

なる

naru — To become; to change into a new state.

再び

futatabi — Again; once more; a second time.

活気

kakki — Liveliness; energy; vibrant activity or vitality.

帯びる

obiru — To take on; to be tinged with a quality.

家

ie — House; home; household or family dwelling.

中

naka — Inside; within; the interior of something.

毛布

mōfu — Blanket; a warm covering cloth for sleeping.

織っ

ot(te) — Weaving; creating fabric by interlacing threads.

食事

shokuji — Meal; the act of eating food.

支度

shitaku — Preparation; getting ready for something, like a meal.

年配

nenpai — Elderly; older in age; senior person.

鶏

niwatori — Chicken; domesticated fowl kept for eggs or meat.

豚

buta — Pig; a domesticated swine animal.

餌

esa — Feed; food given to animals.

やり

yari — Giving; doing; managing an action or task.

労働者

rōdōsha — Worker; laborer; person who performs manual work.

犬

inu — Dog; domestic canine animal kept as pet.

獲物

emono — Prey; game; an animal caught while hunting.

連れた

tsureta — Brought along; accompanied by another person or animal.

猟師

ryōshi — Hunter; person who hunts animals for food.

全体

zentai — Whole; entire; the totality of something.

的

teki — Suffix meaning -like; -related; adjectival suffix.

な

na — Adjectival linking particle for na-adjectives.

喧騒

kensō — Noise; commotion; loud bustle and uproar.

興奮

kōfun — Excitement; agitation; being stirred up emotionally.

加わる

kuwawaru — To join; to be added to a group or activity.

乾季

kanki — Dry season; period of year with little rainfall.

あれば

areba — If there is; conditional form of ある.

あちこち

achikochi — Here and there; various places scattered around.

篝火

kagaribi — Bonfire; campfire; an open fire lit outdoors.

その

sono — That; demonstrative adjective referring to something nearby.

周り

mawari — Around; surrounding area; vicinity of something.

娘

musume — Daughter; a young woman or girl.

紡ぎ

tsumagi — Spinning; twisting fibers into thread or yarn.

集まる

atsumaru — To gather; to come together in one place.

ここ

koko — Here; this place; the location where speaker is.

少年

shōnen — Boy; a young male child or adolescent.

やって

yatte — Coming; doing; arriving at a place or task.

来て

kite — Having come; arrived at a place.

話し

hanashi — Conversation; talk; a story or discussion.

時間

jikan — Time; hours; a period or duration of time.

かなり

kanari — Considerably; quite; a fairly large amount.

部分

bubun — Part; portion; a section of a whole.

戦争

sensō — War; armed conflict between nations or groups.

準備

junbi — Preparation; getting ready for an upcoming event.

実際

jissai — Actually; in reality; in practice or fact.

戦闘

sentō — Combat; battle; direct fighting between opponents.

参加

sanka — Participation; taking part in an event or activity.

費やされる

tsuiyasareru — To be spent; consumed or used up over time.

敵

teki — Enemy; opponent; adversary in conflict.

絶え間ない

taemanai — Ceaseless; constant; without interruption or pause.

危険

kiken — Danger; hazard; a risky or perilous situation.

行く

iku — To go; to move toward a place or destination.

際

sai — Occasion; time; at the moment of doing something.

さえ

sae — Even; as long as; an emphasis or condition particle.

集団

shūdan — Group; collective; a body of people acting together.

行動

kōdō — Action; behavior; conduct or movement as a group.

賢明

kenmei — Wise; sensible; showing good judgment and prudence.

すでに

sudeni — Already; by now; prior to the current moment.

見て

mite — Having seen; looking at; observing something.

きた

kita — Has come; have been doing (experiential past form).