Walden, and On The Duty Of Civil Disobedience — Page 11

Vocabulary

Algumas

AL-goo-mahs — Some; referring to an unspecified number of things

coisas

KOY-zahs — Things; objects or matters in general

são

sah-ONG — Are; third person plural of verb 'ser'

realmente

heh-al-MEN-chee — Really; truly; in fact

necessidades

neh-seh-see-DAH-dees — Necessities; things required for survival or well-being

da

dah — Of the; contraction of 'de' and 'a'

vida

VEE-dah — Life; the state of being alive

em

eng — In; at; preposition indicating location or state

alguns

al-GOONS — Some; a few; an unspecified quantity

círculos

SEER-koo-lohs — Circles; groups of people sharing common interests

os

ohs — The; masculine plural definite article

mais

mahys — More; most; comparative or superlative particle

desamparados

deh-zahm-pah-RAH-dohs — Helpless; abandoned; without support or protection

e

ee — And; basic coordinating conjunction

enfermos

en-FEHR-mohs — Sick; ill; persons suffering from disease

que

keh — That; which; who; common relative pronoun

outros

OH-trohs — Others; other people or things

meros

MEH-rohs — Mere; only; nothing more than

luxos

LOO-shohs — Luxuries; non-essential comforts or indulgences

ainda

ah-EEN-dah — Still; yet; even; continues to be so

completamente

kom-pleh-tah-MEN-chee — Completely; entirely; in a total manner

desconhecidas

desh-ko-nyeh-SEE-dahs — Unknown; unfamiliar; not yet discovered or recognized

Todo

TOH-doo — All; every; the whole of something

terreno

teh-HEH-noo — Terrain; ground; land or territory

humana

oo-MAH-nah — Human; relating to people or humanity

parece

pah-REH-see — Seems; appears; gives the impression of

ter

tehr — To have; infinitive form of possession verb

sido

SEE-doo — Been; past participle of 'ser' (to be)

percorrido

pehr-koh-HEE-doo — Traveled through; covered; traversed a distance

por

pohr — By; through; per; preposition of means or agent

seus

SAY-ooz — His; her; their; possessive pronoun third person

predecessores

preh-deh-seh-SOH-rees — Predecessors; those who came before in time

tanto

TAN-too — So much; as much; both; indicates quantity

alturas

al-TOO-rahs — Heights; high places; elevated areas or levels

quanto

KWAN-too — As much as; how much; correlative conjunction

vales

VAH-lees — Valleys; low areas between hills or mountains

todas

TOH-dahs — All; every; feminine plural of 'todo'

terem

TEH-reng — To have; third person plural infinitive of 'ter'

cuidadas

kwee-DAH-dahs — Cared for; tended to; maintained with attention

Segundo

seh-GOON-doo — According to; second; based on someone's account

sábio

SAH-byoo — Wise; sage; a person of great wisdom

prescreveu

preh-skreh-VAY-oo — Prescribed; ordained; set rules or regulations

ordenanças

ohr-deh-NAN-sahs — Ordinances; official rules or regulations

até

ah-TEH — Until; even; up to a point or limit

mesmo

MEZ-moo — Even; same; itself; used for emphasis

para

PAH-rah — For; to; toward; purpose preposition

distâncias

dees-TAN-syahs — Distances; spaces between two points or objects

entre

EN-tree — Between; among; in the middle of

árvores

AHR-voh-rees — Trees; large woody plants with trunks

decidiram

deh-see-JEE-rahng — Decided; made a judgment or resolution

frequência

freh-KWEN-syah — Frequency; how often something occurs

se

seh — If; oneself; reflexive or conditional particle

pode

POH-dee — Can; may; is able to; third person singular

entrar

en-TRAHR — To enter; to go into a place

na

nah — In the; contraction of 'em' and 'a'

terra

TEH-hah — Land; earth; ground; property

vizinho

vee-ZEE-nyoo — Neighbor; person living nearby

colher

koh-LYEHR — To harvest; to pick; to gather crops

nela

NEH-lah — In it; on her; contraction of 'em' and 'ela'

caem

KAH-eng — Fall; drop; third person plural of 'cair'

sem

seng — Without; lacking; absence of something

invasão

een-vah-ZAH-ong — Invasion; trespass; unlawful entry onto property

parte

PAHR-chee — Part; portion; a share of something

pertence

pehr-TEN-see — Belongs; is the property of someone

esse

EH-see — That; this; demonstrative pronoun near listener

deixou

day-SHOH — Left; left behind; provided for others

instruções

een-stroo-SOH-ees — Instructions; directions; guidelines for doing something

como

KOH-moo — How; like; as; manner or comparison

devemos

deh-VAY-mohs — We must; we should; obligation form

cortar

kohr-TAHR — To cut; to trim; to sever something

unhas

OO-nyahs — Nails; fingernails or toenails

isto

EES-too — This; referring to something near the speaker

pontas

PON-tahs — Tips; ends; pointed extremities of something

dedos

DEH-dohs — Fingers; toes; digits of hands or feet

nem

neng — Neither; nor; not even

curtas

KOOR-tahs — Short; brief; of small length

compridas

kom-PREE-dahs — Long; lengthy; of great length

Sem

seng — Without; lacking; preposition of absence

dúvida

DOO-vee-dah — Doubt; uncertainty; lack of conviction

próprio

PROH-pryoo — Own; proper; belonging to oneself

tédio

TEH-jyoo — Boredom; tedium; state of dullness or monotony

presumem

preh-ZOO-meng — Presume; assume; take for granted without proof

esgotado

esh-goh-TAH-doo — Exhausted; depleted; completely used up

variedade

vah-ryeh-DAH-dee — Variety; diversity; range of different things

alegrias

ah-leh-GREE-ahs — Joys; pleasures; feelings of happiness

tão

tah-ONG — So; as; such; degree adverb

antigos

an-CHEE-gohs — Ancient; old; from long ago

Mas

mahs — But; however; adversative conjunction

capacidades

kah-pah-see-DAH-dees — Capacities; abilities; potential to do things

homem

OH-meng — Man; human being; adult male person

jamais

zhah-MAHYS — Never; ever; not at any time

foram

FOH-rahng — Were; went; third person plural past of 'ser/ir'

medidas

meh-JEE-dahs — Measured; assessed; quantified by some standard

julgar

zhool-GAHR — To judge; to evaluate; to assess someone

ele

EH-lee — He; him; third person masculine pronoun

fazer

fah-ZEHR — To do; to make; basic action infinitive

quaisquer

kwahyz-KEHR — Any; whatever; whichever; indefinite plural pronoun

precedentes

preh-seh-DEN-chees — Precedents; prior examples that guide future actions

pouco

POH-koo — Little; few; a small amount of something

tentado

ten-TAH-doo — Tempted; attempted; tried; enticed to do something

Quaisquer

kwahyz-KEHR — Whatever; any; indefinite plural pronoun

tenham

TEN-yahng — May have; subjunctive of 'ter' third person plural

teus

TAY-ooz — Your; belonging to you; second person possessive

fracassos

frah-KAH-sohs — Failures; setbacks; unsuccessful attempts

agora

ah-GOH-rah — Now; at this moment in time

não

nah-ONG — No; not; basic negation word

te

chee — You; yourself; second person reflexive pronoun

aflijas

ah-FLEE-zhahs — Grieve; distress yourself; subjunctive of 'afligir'

meu

MAY-oo — My; mine; first person singular possessive

filho

FEE-lyoo — Son; child; male offspring

pois

pohys — Because; for; since; causal conjunction

quem

keng — Who; whoever; interrogative or relative pronoun

atribuirá

ah-tree-bwee-RAH — Will attribute; will assign blame or credit

deixaste

day-SHAHS-chee — You left; you abandoned; second person past tense

Poderíamos

poh-deh-REE-ah-mohs — We could; conditional form of 'poder'

testar

tes-TAHR — To test; to try out; to put to proof

nossas

NOH-sahs — Our; belonging to us; feminine plural possessive

vidas

VEE-dahs — Lives; plural of 'vida'; existences

mil

meel — Thousand; the number one thousand

provas

PROH-vahs — Tests; proofs; trials or examinations

simples

SEEM-plees — Simple; easy; uncomplicated; plain

exemplo

eh-ZENG-ploo — Example; instance; illustrative case

sol

sohl — Sun; the star at the center of our solar system

amadurece

ah-mah-doo-REH-see — Ripens; matures; causes to become fully developed

meus

MAY-ooz — My; mine; first person plural possessive

feijões

fay-ZHOH-ees — Beans; legumes commonly used in Brazilian cooking

ilumina

ee-loo-MEE-nah — Illuminates; lights up; brightens something

ao

ah-OO — To the; contraction of 'a' and 'o'

tempo

TEM-poo — Time; weather; period or duration

um

oong — A; an; one; indefinite masculine article

sistema

sees-TEH-mah — System; organized set of related elements

de

dee — Of; from; belonging to; basic preposition

terras

TEH-hahs — Lands; territories; plots of ground

nossa

NOH-sah — Our; belonging to us; first person plural possessive

Se

seh — If; whether; conditional conjunction

eu

AY-oo — I; first person singular subject pronoun

tivesse

chee-VEH-see — Had; past subjunctive of 'ter' first person

me

mee — Me; myself; first person reflexive pronoun

lembrado

lem-BRAH-doo — Remembered; recalled; past participle of 'lembrar'

disso

JEE-soo — Of that; about that; contraction of 'de' and 'isso'

teria

teh-REE-ah — Would have; conditional of 'ter'

evitado

eh-vee-TAH-doo — Avoided; prevented; kept away from something

erros

EH-hohs — Errors; mistakes; incorrect actions or beliefs